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Pharmacon
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 14114283     EISSN : 26855062     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia is a collection of publication journals, covering all aspects of Pharmaceutical sciences, including Technology of Formulations, Excipients Optimization, Extract and Herbal Standardizations, Pharmacological activity determination on natural sources, Drug Synthesize and Development, Molecular Biology, Antibiotic Screening, Metabolite Profiling and Quantification, Clinical Pharmacy, Health and Environmental issues, published by Faculty of Pharmacy, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. We look forward to working with pharmaceutical community of researchers as we are intended to serve as a major resource for pharmaceutical information.
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Articles 345 Documents
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Cytotoxic and Antiproliferation Activity of n-Hexane Fraction of Avocado seed (Persea americana Mill.) on MCF7 cell Juwita Rahwawati; Maryati Maryati; Ratna Yuliani
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v19i1.18274

Abstract

Avocado seeds, which often end up as food waste, have many health benefits, including anticancer activity. This study aimed to determine the potential cytotoxic activity of avocado seeds against breast cancer cells, MCF7. Avocado seeds were macerated with 96% ethanol and fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate as solvents. Cytotoxic activity of the extract and fractions was tested using the MTT method, while antiproliferation activity and apoptosis of the n-hexane fraction were tested using the doubling time and double staining methods, respectively. The selectivity of the n-hexane fraction was also determined. The results showed that the extract and n-hexane fraction of avocado seeds had cytotoxic activity on MCF7 with IC50 values of 211.2±25 and 47.87±1.5 µg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxic activity of the n-hexane fraction was selective (Selectivity Index = 4.73). The fraction can extend the doubling time to 76.54-77.41 hours. The double staining test results showed red fluorescence in the cells, indicating the apoptosis of MCF7 cells. The n-hexane fraction of avocado seed extract has the potential to be developed as an anticancer therapeutic agent. 
Uji Cemaran Mikroba dan Kapang Khamir Ekstrak Air Daun Muntingia calabura L. (Kersen) Aulia Nur Rahmawati; Dwi Saryanti; Fryda Nurita Sari; Irma Yovita Turnip
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v19i1.18304

Abstract

Kersen (Mutingia calabura L.) is a plant that can be used as a raw material for medicine because it has many medicinal benefits. Kersen as a medicinal raw material must pass a quality parameter testing process to be safe to use. One of the extract quality parameters is the total plate count for microbial (ALT) and yeast contamination (AKK). This study aims to evaluate the suitability of microbial and yeast contamination in the water extract of Kersen leaves to the applicable regulations. Extraction of Kersen leaves used maceration method with water solvent for 3 days with a ratio of 1:10. The results obtained from the water extract of Kersen leaves are organoleptically in the form of thick extract, dark brown in color, sour taste, bitter, and has a distinctive odor. The ALT value in the aqueous extract of cherry leaves was 8.4 x 10⁴ colonies/g. The AKK value in the aqueous extract of cherry leaves was 102 colonies/g which was reported as an approximate AKK value. The ALT and AKK values in the water extract of Kersen leaves meet the safety and quality requirements of traditional medicine.
Molnupiravir - the First Oral Antiviral for COVID-19: A Literature Review Nur Afni; Suharjono Suharjono
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v19i1.17330

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is still an unresolved global health concern, although half of the world's population has been vaccinated. The pharmaceutical industries are still struggling to develop effective antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. Molnupiravir is a new oral antiviral with antiviral properties by targeting coronavirus RNA. This literature review aims to describe the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of molnupiravir based on published preclinical and clinical studies for COVID-19 treatment. Relevant studies were collected by electronic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. The inclusion criteria were preclinical and clinical trials related to molnupiravir as an antiviral for the COVID-19 treatment published in December 2019 to January 2022. Preclinical trials demonstrated therapeutic and prophylactic properties against SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture and animal models. Molnupiravir is currently under the emergency use authorization from the FDA to treat COVID-19. Its potent and broad antiviral activity is demonstrated through a mechanism of error catastrophe that causes coronavirus RNA mutagenesis. The published clinical trials have shown that molnupiravir is well-absorbed, well-tolerated, and has relatively mild side effects such as headache, nausea, and diarrhea with a minimal incidence at a dose of 800 mg twice daily. Time to viral RNA clearance was significantly decreased in patients administered molnupiravir 800 mg compared to those who administered placebo (14 days vs 15 days, P value=0,013). Molnupiravir is a promising oral antiviral that can reduce the incidence of COVID-19 hospitalization or death. Further clinical trials regarding its efficacy for severe symptoms and other clinical aspects such as drug interactions and contraindications are still needed.
Uji Aktivitas Antikolesterol Kombinasi Ekstrak Teh Oolong, Buncis Dan Kayu Manis Ahmad Fauzi; Tanti Azizah Sujono; Azis Saifudin; Arifah Sri Wahyuni
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v19i1.18193

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia has an important role in the occurrence of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular diseases. High cholesterol and LDL levels in the blood are at risk of causing various diseases such as atherosclerosis, pancreatic dysfunction and kidney disorders. Meanwhile, high triglyceride levels can cause impaired liver, pancreas and kidney function. Green bean, oolong tea and cinnamon are plants that can lower cholesterol levels. Oolong tea contains catechins, Green Bean contain phytosterols and cinnamon contains cinnamaldehyde. Determination of secondary metabolite levels of extracts was carried out using the Liquid Chromatography – Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) method. The activity test was carried out with 30 Wistar white rats which were divided into 6 test groups. The normal control group was treated with CMC-Na without feeding hypercholesterolemia, the positive control group was treated with simvastatin 0.4 mg/KgBW, the negative control group was treated with CMC-Na, the test groups 1, 2 and 3 were treated with cinnamon extract, oolong tea and green bean, respectively (150:50:50 mg/KgBW), (50:150:50 mg/KgBW) and (50:50:150 mg/KgBW). The detected metabolite content was cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon up to 10%, catechins in oolong tea up to 12% and stigmasterol in beans as much as 3.4%.The results obtained by test group 1 and test group 2 can reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels (p0.05). All test groups had no significant effect on HDL and LDL levels.
In Silico Molecular Docking and Toxicity Studies of Bioactive Fucoidan Compound from Brown Seaweed as Potential of Antihypertensive Agus Kurniawan; Siswandono Siswandono; Esti Mumpuni; Syamsudin Abdillah
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v19i1.15933

Abstract

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) is an enzyme that can convert angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 peptide, which is a strong vasoconstrictor that causes hypertension. Fucoidan (4,5-dihydroxy-2,6-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl hydrogen sulfate) is one of the polysaccharide chemical compounds found in seaweed and is reported to have the ability to inhibit ACE activuty in vitro. The aim of this study is to predict of the binding interaction between fucoidan and amino acids in ACE and to use the native captopril ligand (MCO702) as the standard ligand. Analysis of the molecular docking of fucoidan and captopril compounds against ACE (1UZF) using Molegro 6.0 and Chemoffice Professional 17.1 Software and for toxicity analysis using pkCMS online tools. The results of the docking prediction showed that fucoidan had MolDock and Rerank Score values of -82.311 kcal/mol and -70.872 kcal/mol, respectively, which were not much different from captopril, namely -84.816 kcal/mol and -74.758 kcal/mol. Fucoidan and captopril are also easily absorbed and have good permeability and are classified as low toxicity, but are dangerous if ingested in the 2000 LD50≤ 5000 mg/kg range. Fucoidan has the potential as a candidate for antihypertensive drugs because it is predicted that in silico has the same ability as captopril.
Studi Penggunaan Obat Anti Tuberkulosis (OAT) Tahap Lanjutan pada Pasien Baru BTA Positif Tista Ayu Fortuna; Hidajah Rachmawati; Didik Hasmono; Hidayah Karuniawati
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v19i1.17907

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis will cause pain and death if not treated properly. OAT (Antituberculosis Drugs) is a treatment for tuberculosis patients. OAT has different dosage regimens and types of drugs. Treatment of TB patients consists of two phases (intensive and continuation phases). The continuation phase was at to kill dormant bacteria to prevent recurrence in patients. The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate the pattern of using OAT in patients newly diagnosed rwith smear-positive at the continuation phase. This study is an observational descriptive study with results showing that the pattern of using OAT-KDT in patients was 89% and OAT-Separated was 11%. The pattern of using the OAT-KDT dose was 1x3 2KDT tablets. Another combination of antibiotics given to the patient is cotrimoxazole at a dose of 1x960mg. The side effect of OAT is an increase in serum transaminase and nausea each with a percentage of 23%. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the pattern of using OAT in Tuberculosis patients has followed the guidelines for the management of Tuberculosis treatment.
Optimasi Perbandingan Pelarut dan Lama Maserasi terhadap Kadar Total Antosianin Ekstrak Jantung Pisang (Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana) Yunita Widyastutik; Prisma Trida Hardani; Dewi Perwito Sari
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v19i2.19834

Abstract

The inflorescence of the banana plant has not been widely used as a natural remedy. The inflorescence is known to contain anthocyanin compounds that have a variety of benefits. This study aimed to determine the anthocyanin content. This study used the ratio of materials: solvents of 1:5 and 1:9 as well as extraction time of 6 hours and 24 hours. Total anthocyanin levels were determined by the pH-differential method using pH 1.0 and pH 4.5 buffers. The best extraction conditions are determined by measuring the total anthocyanin levels. The data obtained were statistically analyzed by two-way variance analysis (Two Way ANOVA). The results showed that the ratio of the material to the solvent with the highest anthocyanin content was 1:9 with an extraction time of 6 hours. The extraction resulted in a yield of 2.64% and a total anthocyanin content of 0,119 g / 100 grams. This shows that the extraction duration affects the total level of anthocyanins and is statistically meaningful (p = 0.0010.05).
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Terhadap Perilaku Pemilihan Skincare Wajah melalui Media Sosial pada salah satu Universitas Di Karawang Jawa Barat Indah Laily Hilmi; Nalisha Putri Rianoor; Vesara Ardhe Gatera
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v19i2.19261

Abstract

Skincare is needed to maintain skin cleanliness. When choosing skincare, some people were bad attitude and behavior only armed with social media, advertisement, and information form friends, which in reality is not necessarily true, so choose the wrong skincare. Internet connections and social networks make it easy to find information about the bought skincare. So it is necessary to know the description of knowledge, attitude, behavior and to prove the correlation between knowledge and attitude toward the behavior of choosing facial skincare through social media in one of University in Karawang-Wesy Java’s students. This study used a descriptive analytic design with a cross sectional approach. The instrument used is a questionnarie. The sample consisted of 392 students which included the inclusion criteria. The sampling technique used is accidental sampling. The results of the bivariate analysis used the chi square test and there is a correlation between knowledge toward the behavior of choosing facial skincare through social media with a significance value of 0,000 (p 0,05) and there is correlation between attitude toward the behavior of choosing facial skincare through social media with a significance value of 0,000 (p 0,05). The conclusions of this study there is a correlation between knowledge and attitude toward the behavior of choosing facial skincare through social media.
Tinjauan Literatur: Efektivitas Butionin Sulfoksimin Dalam Meningkatkan Sensitivitas Sel Kanker Terhadap Agen Kemoterapi Secara In Vivo Khoerunnisa Azamy; Wahyu Utami
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v19i2.18802

Abstract

Glutathione (GSH) is one of the targets to overcome chemotherapy resistance. Cancer cells adapt by increasing the production of GSH which acts as an antioxidant to reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducing of chemotherapy agents. GSH can bind to chemotherapy agents that are electrophile resulting a conjugate of electrophile-GSH which is more polar so it is easily excreted out of the body. Butionine sulfoximine (BS) is a GSH inhibitor that decrease the concentration of GSH in cells. BS is a γ-glutamyl- cysteine ligase (GCL) enzyme inhibitor that catalyzes the first steps of GSH synthesis. This literature review aims to evaluate the use of BS to sensitize cancer cells against chemotherapy in vivo. The literature search was carried out of two databases (Pubmed and Sciendirect) resulting in 357 journals. Furthermore, a selection process was carried out which yielded in 10 journals. BS synergize with chemotherapy of alkylating groups, vincristine, geftinib, and cytarabine+doxorubicin and significantly increases the effectiveness of therapy compared to chemotherapy only. However, BS delay cancer in initiation phase, and not in tumor progression phase. In vivo, the combination of BS and chemotherapy of alkylating groups, vincristine, geftinib, and cytarabine+doxorubicin reduce the tumor volume, cancer cell proliferation and also increasing the survival of experimental animals.
Implementation of Drug Administration with High Awareness (LASA/ Look Alike Sound Alike and High Alert) for Patient Safety at Pharmacies in Surakarta Handri Mursiti; Galau Menanti Embri Baskara Putra Mesias; Peni Indrayudha
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v19i2.20019

Abstract

LASA (Look Alike Sound Alike) are drugs that have similar names, looks and speech and need to be watched out for to prevent no errors in taking medication (dispensing error) by pharmacists. High-alert (HA) medication is a drug that must be watched out for because it often causes errors or serious errors (sentinel events) and drugs that have a high risk of causing Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR). One of the pharmacist duties at a pharmacy is to organize LASA and HA drugs properly to prevent medication errors. The purpose of this study is to determine the knowledge of pharmacist in the city of Surakarta on the process of good and safe drug storage and able to implement safe and high alert drug storage for patient/consumer safety. The type of research is experimental research. The study was conducted from September 1, 2021 to January 20, 2022. The number of samples were 117 pharmacists who worked in different pharmacy locations. The data obtained were scored and analyzed using the SPPS 25 test, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, followed by the Paired sample T-Test. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of socialization intervention using the HA and LASA flyer, namely an increase in knowledge and implementation of the arrangement of HA and LASA drugs. Data showed that the results of pre-test 17.52% and post-test 89.74% (p=0.000; p0.05). From this study, it was found that there was a significant change in the level of implementation of the LASA and HA drug arrangement from pharmacists after the intervention using the LASA/HA drug arrangement flyer.

Page 29 of 35 | Total Record : 345

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