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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
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Articles 40 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)" : 40 Documents clear
The Impact of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Spinal Cord Inflammation in Mice Model of Multiple Sclerosis: Impact of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester in Multiple Sclerosis Alnawajha , Amin; Endharti , Agustina; Santoso , Sanarto; Santosaningsih , Dewi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.18

Abstract

Since the majority of the current therapies lack effectiveness and efficiency in treating Multiple Sclerosis, in addition to their high cost, monitoring during usage, and the serious side effects associated with using this therapy, which in some cases may be fatal, for these reasons, there is a necessary need for effective therapy in the clinical setting and searching for an alternative therapy that is effective and safe. For this purpose, this study evaluated the impact and efficiency of Caffeic acid phenethyl ester(CAPE) in the amelioration of inflammation and demyelination in the spinal cord of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE) mouse model multiple sclerosis, which could be a candidate therapy for MS. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune T-cell mediated disease, that T- cells become active, and differentiate into Th subset.α4β1integrin increased on the surface of T- cell during inflammation, which regulates immune cell cross through the blood-brain barrier into the central nervous system, and causes inflammation in the brain and spinal cord, myelin sheath damage and neuron demyelination. The in-vivo experiment used mice. The twenty-five mice were divided into control negative, control positive, and three treatment groups. After this, EAE was induced in mice by injecting myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide. The mice were monitored and scored daily for clinical signs. CAPE was orally administered to mice at 5 mg/kg for T1, 10 mg/kg for T2, and 20 mg/kg for T3 for 14 days. Immunofluorescence was used to assess α4integrin, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to evaluate infiltration of CD3-T cell marker, and Luxol Fast Blue stain was used to evaluate demyelination.  We found that CAPE treated mice model had a reduced infiltration of immune cells, demyelination in the spinal cord mice model, and decreasing α4integrin expression. These findings strongly demonstrated that CAPE could be a potential therapy for Multiple sclerosis, as it ameliorated the inflammation and demyelination in mice models.
The Effect of Various Photoperiodic Conditions and Zn2+ Concentrations on Growth Rate and Metabolite Content in Euglena sp: Effect of Photoperiod and Zn2+ on Euglena sp. Eko Agus Suyono; Budiman, Arief; Siti Ferniah, Rejeki; Astiti, Adam; Mardyansah, Deviko; Natalia, Fitri; Cindiati, Maya; Qonita Maghfiroh, Khusnul; Erfianti, Tia; Nurafifah, Istini; Amelia, Ria; Kurnianto, Dedy; Ryan Sadewo, Brilian; Maggandari, Revata
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.04

Abstract

The application of Euglena as a carbon capture organism has generated considerable interest among scientists. Through the photosynthesis process, many kinds of metabolites are produced by Euglena, such as lipids, proteins, and pigments. Due to the metabolites produced by Euglena, it is vital to optimize the carbon capture ability and cell growth rate by adding Zn2+ content and giving photoperiodic into Euglena culture. The purpose of this study is to identify the optimal photoperiod and Zn2+ concentration to increase the growth rate, biomass, and metabolite content of Euglena sp. This study is a laboratory experiment involving the cultivation of Euglena sp. in various photoperiod cycles (light:dark), namely 24:0, 12:12, 14:10, and 16:8. In addition, Euglena sp. was also cultivated using different concentrations of Zn2+ (0 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, and 15 ppm). The growth of Euglena sp. was monitored for 18 days before being harvested every three days to measure the research parameters, including primary and secondary metabolites. The results showed that the photoperiod treatment and various concentrations of Zn2+ had a significant impact (P<0.05) on the growth rate, biomass, lipid, carbohydrate, protein, chlorophyll, and carotenoid levels of Euglena sp.  
Effect of Multiple Types of High-fat Diet Induction on Gut Microbiota Profile and Butyrate Levels on NAFLD Rat Model: High-fat Diet Induction on Gut Microbiota Profile and Butyrate Levels Syifa Mustika; Nabila Ramadhani; Novita Apramadha Kartika Sari; Dian Handayani; Dewi Santosaningsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.08

Abstract

Dysbiosis, marked by a decline in Firmicutes (such as Clostridium spp.) and a rise in Proteobacteria (such as Escherichia coli), is recognized as a pathway linked to the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). High-fat food may influence the development of NAFLD. This study investigates the effect of different high-fat diets on gut microbiota composition and butyrate levels in a rat model. Four groups of Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar (n=27) were fed specific diets for 12 weeks: normal diet (ND, n=7), high-fat diet (HFD, n=6), western diet (WD, n=7), and high-fat-high-fructose diet (HFHFD, n=7). Stools were cultured on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) for Escherichia coli and Forget Fredette Agar (FFA) for Clostridium spp. Colonies were counted using Total Plate Count (TPC), and butyrate levels were measured with gas chromatography. Liver histology was assessed with the NAFLD activity score (NAS). Gut microbiota were analyzed using Crosstab and Chi-Square tests, and butyrate levels with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Butyrate levels decreased in NAFLD-inducing diet groups (HFD, WD, HFHFD) compared to ND (p=0.021). Escherichia coli colony counts were significantly higher in NAFLD-inducing diet groups (p=0.048), while Clostridium spp. counts were higher in ND (p=0.001). Liver histological changes, particularly in the WD group, resembled NAFLD. These findings imply that different high-fat diets can alter the gut microbiome, potentially influencing NAFLD development.
Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activities of Polyphenolic Extract of Pyrus communis Leaf in Carbon tetrachloride–Treated Albino Wistar Rats: Hepatoprotective effect of polyphenolic leaf extract of Pyrus communis Didunyemi, Oluwafemi; Olasehinde, Oluwaseun
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.16

Abstract

Polyphenols are active plant compounds that are reportedly capable of eliminating or limiting the deleterious side effects of free radicals and consequently restoring the functional integrity of important organs such as the liver. This study investigated the liver-protecting and antioxidant activities of PEP.c (Polyphenol leaf extract of Pyrus communis) against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in wistar rats. Liver damage was induced via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 1.5 mL/kg body weight (b.w.) of 50% carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in olive oil on the 7th day of extract/drug administration. Induction of CCl4 significantly (P < 0.05) increased the activities of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as well as a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the serum level of total protein and the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione in the liver tissue with a concomitant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Oral administration of PEP.c (50, 100 and 250 mg/kg b.w.) for 7 days, significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the elevated serum levels of serum GGT, AST, ALT, ALP and increased the level of total protein as compared to CCl4-induced hepatotoxic-untreated group. However, administration of PEP.c significantly (P < 0.05) decreased concentration of malondialdehyde and increased the activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as enhanced glutathione (GSH) level in the liver tissue. Results were compared to N-acetylcysteine, a known liver-protecting agent. Results from histopathological evaluation also supported the hepatoprotectivity of PEP.c in the CCl4- induced albino wistar rats. The results of this study suggested that PEP.c can be used as a safe and alternative drug for the prevention and management of liver injury.
The Leaf Extract of Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm. Contains Anti-oxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitor Activities: Leaf Extract of Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm. Wibawa, I Putu Agus Hendra; Hanafi , Muhammad; Butardo Jr , Vito M.; Mahon, Peter J.
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.19

Abstract

The medicinal plant Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm. (Meliaceae) is na- tive to Indonesia, but its bioactive potential has been little explored. This study de- termined the phenolic content, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities of D. parasiti- cum leaf extracts. Dried, powdered leaves were sequentially extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified by colorimetric assays. The ethyl acetate extract had the highest phenolic content at 21.54 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay, while antidiabetic activity was assessed as inhi- bition of α-glucosidase enzyme. The ethyl acetate extract showed potent antioxidant (IC50 30.72 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase inhibitory (IC50 16.32 μg/mL) activities compared to standard controls. Putative bioactive components were identified by LC-MS/MS, including stylosin, capillartemisin A, 19β-glucosyl-14-deoxy-11,12- didehydroandrographoside, daturametelin H, stigmastan-3,6-dione, 2α,3β,4α-trihy- droxy nortropane and arnebinone. The traditional use of D. parasiticum is validated by its antioxidant and antidiabetic potential, which is associated with its phenolic content.
Mycobacterium leprae Survival Inside Acanthamoeba sp. Isolated from Water Source in Leprosy Endemic Area, Indonesia: Mycobacterium leprae Survival Inside Acanthamoeba sp. Wahyuni, Ratna; Astari, Linda; Iswahyudi, Iswahyudi; Paling, Sepling; Adriaty, Dinar; Kurniawati, Siti; Aulia, Syifa; Rahmatari, Bandaru; Prakoeswa, Cita Rosita; Agusni, Indropo; Izumi, Shinzo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.07

Abstract

Mycobacterium leprae is an acid-fast bacterium that causes leprosy diseases, which remains a problem worldwide. Even though leprosy prevalence in the world has decreased significantly, many endemic pocket areas continue reporting new cases and harbor M. leprae in the environment, including water and soil. The presence of obligate intracellular bacteria-M. leprae in the environment raises a question on how it survives. Free-living amoeba has been proposed as its reservoir host in the environment. The study was conducted to give evidence that M. leprae can survive inside free-living amoeba isolated from water sources of leprosy endemic areas. M. leprae from leprosy patients was cultured together with Acanthamoeba sp. isolated from the water source of the leprosy endemic area. Viability and duplication of M. leprae inside amoeba then observed at day 14 and 28 using reverse transcriptase PCR and qPCR. The results showed that M. leprae survived inside the amoeba until day 28, but no bacterial replication was observed. The study reveals in vitro evidence of viable M. leprae inside free-living amoeba of leprosy endemic area environment.
Validation of Hand Grading Technique of Corpora Lutea in Embryo Recipient Cows: Accuracy in Hand Grading of Corpora Lutea in Cows Perera, Gamage Dammika Rohan Kumara; Pushpakumara, Pupulewatte Gedara Anil; Alexander, Ponvila Arachchilage Basil Doglas
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.09

Abstract

The success of embryo transfer in cattle may depend on several factors. The blood progesterone level of the embryo recipient would be one of the main factors secondary to the size and quality of the corpus luteum. Per-rectal palpation and by-hand grading of corpora lutea have been practiced routinely, even under commercial embryo transfer programs in cattle. This experiment aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the per-rectal hand grading technique of mid-phase corpora lutea in embryo recipient cows. A group of healthy cows (Friesian× Jersey, n=25), which had been selected as recipient animals with the special consideration of reproductive history in an embryo transfer program, was used in this study. Estrous of those animals were synchronized using a standard progesterone intravaginal devise-PGF2α protocol. Conventional evaluation and grading of corpora lutea were conducted at the per-rectal hand grading as 'A', 'B', 'C' and 'Cystic' (If diameters; < 1cm=C, 1-1.9cm=B, 2-2.5cm= A, >2.5cm= Cystic). In this study, the accuracy of those hand-grading techniques was evaluated using ultra-sound scanning technology on the same day. Identification accuracy of grades C, B, A, and Cysts in hand grading technique was 45%, 56%, 67%, and 50%, respectively. The average accuracy in the hand grading technique was 52%, and identification accuracy as suitable (A or B) corpora lutea for embryo transfer was 76%. Results raised the 24% probable loss of embryo transferrable recipients due to the hand-grading technique. Further, 8% of unsuitable cows can be selected as embryo recipients due to the practice of hand-grading techniques at embryo transfer programs. Although higher accuracy is a characteristic of the hand grading technique, the technology causes considerable loss due to inaccurate selection probability of recipients at embryo transfer programs.
An Overview of Traditional Medicinal Plants Used in Treating Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) with Emphasis on Mechanisms of Action: Traditional Medicinal Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Adekilekun, Habeebulahi Ajibola; Oyewusi, Habeebat A.; Odoma, Saidi; Kirimuhuzya, Claude
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.20

Abstract

Cancer is an incurable fatal disease wreaking havoc on the population of countries either developed or developing. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most frequent type of cancer having a poor prognosis. Globally, HCC management and treatment intervention using medicinal plants from generation to generation is rapidly increasing and remains an area of promising research. This review provided insight into medicinal plants' ethnomedicinal use, photochemistry and mechanisms of action on HCC exhibiting anti-cancer potentials subjected to scientific investigations. Furthermore, clinical, toxicity studies and detailed mechanisms of action would provide an understanding of the development of lead compounds in drug discovery and development for HCC
Genome-Wide Analysis of GATA Transcription Factor Family in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa): Identification, Characterization, and Expression Profiles: Genome Survey of the GATA Transcription Factor in Quinoa Le, Thi Man; La, Hong Viet; Chu, Ha Duc; Pham, Chau Thuy; Ha, Quyen Thi; Le, Thi Ngoc Quynh; Tran, Thi Thanh Huyen; Tran, Van Tien; Dong, Huy Gioi; Pham, Minh Hong; Tran, Vinh Thanh; Chu, Thi Bich Ngoc; Cao, Phi Bang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.02

Abstract

GATA-binding factor (GATA) proteins are the transcription factor (TF) family that are commonly involved in plant growth and development. The GATA TF family has been successfully identified and characterized for various higher plant species, but there is little research on the GATA TF family in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa). In this present study, a total of 32 CqGATA genes were identified and analyzed in the quinoa genome. While the general features of the CqGATA TFs in quinoa were slightly variable, the majority of genes encoding the CqGATA TFs contained two and three exons. Our phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the CqGATA TFs could be classified into four different groups. Gene expression analysis indicated that the expression profiles of the CqGATA genes varied in different tissues. Overall, our study could provide a reference for further functional characterization of the CqGATA genes in quinoa.
The Impact of Some Vitamins and Minerals Supplements on Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) Management: The Dietary Supplements in T2DM Management Musafer, Karar Nadhum Jawad; Kamal Mohammed, Amera; Chobok, Ali Sabah; AL-Mousawi, Masar Riyadh Rashid; Fahrul Huyop; Tahreer M. Al-Thuwaini
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.01

Abstract

A chronic metabolic condition, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) typically presents with hyperglycemia owing to elevated tissue insulin resistance or inadequate insulin release. In addition to the use of pharmaceutical agents and lifestyle changes for the management of T2DM, supplementation with various vitamins and minerals has also been proven to be of benefit. The objective of the present research was to establish the effectiveness of vitamin B12, vitamin C, selenium, and chromium as adjunctive therapy given over 120 days in diminishing insulin resistance. In total, 32 individuals (16 men and 16 women) living with diabetes were enrolled in the study. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum insulin concentrations, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were quantified at baseline and on day 120 of supplementation. Mean FBG and HbA1c levels and insulin concentrations all decreased, i.e. 185.11 ± 22.67 mg/dL vs. 163.57 ± 19.31 mg/dL (P = 0.02), 8.47 ± 0.52% vs. 7.80 ± 0.48% (P = 0.003), and 23.15 ± 3.87 vs. 15.85 ± 1.46 (P = 0.02), respectively. HOMA-IR values remained unchanged. The association between therapy and clinical features was examined using logistic regression analysis. In the subjects with T2DM, FBG, and HbA1c levels were diminished by a factor of 2. It was concluded that vitamin and mineral supplementation was of benefit with respect to glycemic parameters. Nevertheless, high-quality evidence that supports the efficacy of such substances to improve glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in individuals with T2DM in a clinical setting is lacking

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