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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 986 Documents
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The Capability of Equisetum ramosissium and Typha angustifolia as Phytoremediation Agents to Reduce Nitrate-Phosphate Pollutants and Prevent Microcystis Blooming in Fresh Water Ecosystem Vidayanti, Viky; Retnaningdyah, Catur; Soeharjono, Soeharjono
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 2, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to find out the kind of hydromacrophyte composition having the highest capability to reduce nitrate-phosphate pollutant and Microcystis growth in phytoremediation media using Equisetum ramosissium, Typha angustifolia and the combination of both. Microcystis were obtained from Sutami reservoir, then being inoculated in a media grown by hydromacrophytes (E. ramosissium, T. angustifolia and both of the hydromacrophytes) in the batch culture system. The number of Microcystis was counted every day within fifteen days. Abiotic factors were observe, including the concentration of nitrate using brucine-colorimetry method and orthophosphate (dissolved phosphate) using stannous chloride-colorimetry method on day 0, 6th, 12th and 15th. The growth rate of Microcystis carrying capacity and orthophosphate-nitrate levels among treatments were analysed by ANOVA test. The results showed that E. ramosissium and T. angustifolia in mono and polyculture techniques had similar potentiality to reduce the nitrate and ortophosphate. The concentrations of nitrate and orthophosphate decreased over 70 % in the 6th day after incubation. All of the treatments were able to reduce the carrying capacity of Microcystis up to 46 % , but the growth rates were similar in all media, that is, around 97-170 cells/L/day. Keywords: Equisetum ramosissium, Microcystis, nitrate, phosphate, Typha angustifolia
Isolation and Screening of Potential Cellulolytic and Xylanolytic Bacteria from Soil Sample for Degradation of Lignocellulosic Biomass Shrestha, Bhupal Govinda; Ghimire, Sanjaya; Bhattarai, Shakep; Phuyal, Sailesh; Thapa, Bimal
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 6, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.03.06

Abstract

Cellulolytic/Xylanolytic microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi are accountable for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass in soil. Despite this vast number of cellulose/xylanase producers, there is a deficiency of microorganisms that can produce a significant amount of cellulase/xylanase enzyme to proficiently degrade cellulose/xylan to fermentable sugars. Although bacteria have extremely high natural diversity, which bestowsthem with the aptitude to produce stable enzymes, little emphasis has been given to cellulose/xylanase production from bacteria. Seven soil samples were collected from eastern hilly districts of Nepal viz. Taplejung, Panchthar and Sankhuwasabha districts, from soil surface and at depth of 10cm to 20cm, and were isolated separately. From the seven soil samples, four bacterial isolates were obtained. Isolates (PSS, P1D, TLC, SNK) were then screened for cellulolytic/xylanolytic activity using Congo red assay on Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)/xylan agar plates. The enzyme activity obtained from isolates was dependent on substrate concentration. The activity of enzymes produced by isolates were also measured and compared on pretreated sugarcane bagasse. Among those samples, the greatest zone of inhibition in both CMC (1.3 cm) and xylan (1.0 cm) agar media was seen in isolate P1D. It also produced the highest activity of endoglucanase and xylanase i.e. activity 0.035 U/mL and 0.050 U/mL respectively at 0.010 mg mL-1 standard substrate concentration of CMC and xylan. 
The Spread of Non-native Plant Species Collection of Cibodas Botanical Garden into Mt. Gede Pangrango National Park Zuhri, Musyarofah; Mutaqien, Zaenal
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 3, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

The role of botanic garden in spread of non-native plant species has concerned of international worldwide. This study aimed to study the extent of non-native plant species from Cibodas Botanical Garden (CBG) which invades into natural rainforest. A line transect was made edge-to-interior with 1,600 m in distance from CBG boundary. Result showed that distance from CBG was not significant in correlation with non-native tree and treelet density. Furthermore, presence of existing CBGs plant collection was not a single aspect which influenced presence and abundance. Three invasive species possibly was escape from CBG and it showed edge-to-interior in stems density, i.e. Cinchona pubescens, Calliandra calothyrsus and Cestrum aurantiacum. The patterns of non-native species were influenced by presence of ditch across transect, existence of human trail, and the other non-native species did not have general pattern of spread distribution. Overall, botanical gardens should minimize the risk of unintentional introduced plant by perform site-specific risk assessment.
Role of Antibody Anti-AGE in the Expression of Nephrin and RAGE on Primary Glomerulus Cell Exposed with AGE Salam, Rudy; Lyrawati, Diana; Samsu, Nur
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.02.03

Abstract

Upregulation of nephrin expression occurs at the early stage of nephropathy and decrease in the period 6 months on hyperglycaemic condition. Nephrin is associated with the initial stage of the loss of the permeability barrier in diabetic nephropathy. Interaction AGE-RAGE increases angiotensin II on Renin Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and activation of protein kinase c (PKC) which induce alterations in nephrin mRNA expression. Alterations of nephrin expression induces transformation of slit membrane structure and the permeability changes at the glomerular filtration barrier. Anti-AGE vaccination once may cause the changes of nephrin and RAGE expression and can prevent progression of diabetic nephropathy. This study used primary glomerulus cell culture obtained from renal of Wistar mice aged 3 months, weighting 200-300 grams that consist of negative control group that exposed to BSA 100 µg/ml, positive control group that exposed to AGE-BSA 100 µg/ml, treatment group 1 that exposed to polyclonal anti-AGE 5 µg/ml and AGE-BSA 100 µg/ml and treatment group 2 that exposed to monoclonal antibody anti-CML 5 µg/ml and AGE-BSA 100 µg/ml. Paired t-test with a 0.05 level of confidence results showed that there were significant differences in level of RAGE expression among experimental groups with control groups. Administration of polyclonal antibody decreased RAGE expression among negative control (p=0.188). but not in positive control (p=0.000). In contrast to monoclonal anti-AGE antibody, RAGE expression did not differ significantly compared to negative control but significant than positive control. Administration of monoclonal anti-AGE antibody inhibited increasing of nephrin expression compared to negative and positive control (p=0.73; 0.125). In conclusion, this study suggested that administration of polyclonal and monoclonal anti-AGE antibody could inhibit increasing of RAGE and nephrin expression in glomerulus primary culture that exposed to AGE which is expected to prevent the progression of diabetic nephropaty.
Excess Fibrin Deposits Decrease Fetal Weight of Pregnant Mice Infected by Plasmodium berghei Andari, Desy; Rahma, Zainabur; yuliyanik, Yuliyanik; Sasmito, Sujarot Dwi; Mintaroem, Karyono; Fitri, Loeki Enggar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Low birth weight is commonly attributed to malaria in pregnancy, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie this poor birth outcome are incompletely understood. A universally described histopathological feature of placental malaria is excessive deposition of fibrin, the end-product of the coagulation cascade. This study was conducted to compare fibrin deposit in pregnant mice that infected by Plasmodium berghei (treatment group) to the normal pregnant mice (control group) and its association with fetal weight. This research is in vivo experimental laboratory study that used 18 pregnant Balb/c mice which divided to the control the group (8 mice) and treatment group (9 mice infected by P.berghei). Placentas were staining with Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE) for fibrin deposits examination whereas fetal weight was performed with Mettler analytical balance AE 50. Fetal weight of the treatment group was lower than those of the control group (t test, p=0,002). Fibrin deposits were increased in the treatment group (t test, p=0,005) and influenced weight of fetuses (Spearman r=-0,586, p=0,014). Weights of fetuses are interfered by fibrin deposits during malaria infection.
Gametophyte Morphology and Development of Six Species of Pteris (Pteridaceae) from Java Island Indonesia Puspitasari, Dwi Sunarti; Chikmawati, Tatik; Praptosuwiryo, Titien Ngatinem
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 5, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.05.02.08

Abstract

The morphology of sporophyte, the type of reproduction, and cytology of Pteris had been reported, while the gametophyte morphology of Pteris in Java island has not been studied yet. The objective of this study was to describe the gametophyte morphology and development of P. biaurita, P. ensiformis,  P.exelsa, P.longipinnula, P. tripartita, and   P. vittata in Java island. Spores were obtained from fertile leaves of Pteris plants originated from several locations in Java island. The number of spores per sporangium were counted from fresh fertile leaves with mature sporangia. As much as 0.002 g spores was sown in transparent box with sterile medium contain of vermiculite, spaghnum moss, and perlite with ratio 2:2:1. The gametophyte development of each species was observed under a microscope every 7 days. The spores of P. ensiformis were germinated faster, 10 days after sowing, while the spores of P.longipinnula were germinated slower, 18 days after sowing.  The pattern of spore germination is Vittaria-type. The development of gametophyte is Ceratopteris-type in common, but in a few cases is the Adiantum-type. The gametophyte development of observed Pteris spesies are varied in six characters including the number of filament cell, germinated time, formation time of notch and gametangia, margin shape, and development type.
Expression of Insoluble Influenza Neuraminidase Type 1 (NA1) Protein in Tobacco Pua, Teen Lee; Loh, Hwei San; Massawe, Festo; Tan, Chon Seng; Omar, Abdul Rahman
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 2, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

The avian influenza virus, particularly H5N1 strain, is highly virulent to poultry and mankind. Several expression systems, like yeast, baculovirus and mammalian cells, have been adopted to produce vaccine candidate for this lethal disease. The present research aimed at developing a recombinant vaccine candidate, neuraminidase type 1 (NA1), for the Malaysia isolate of H5N1 in Nicotiana benthamiana. The NA1 gene was fused directly in-frame in cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV)-based pEAQ-HT vector with C-terminal polyhistidine-tag incorporated to ease the subsequent purification step. The expression of the NA1 gene in tobacco was confirmed at RNA and protein levels at 6 days post-infiltration (Dpi). From the insoluble fraction of the protein, a recombinant glycosylated NA1 protein with a molecular weight of ~56 kDa was immunogenically detected by a specific anti-NA polyclonal antibody. We report for the first time the insolubility of the plant-made NA1 protein where a native sequence was used for its expression. This study signifies the necessity of the use of optimised sequences for expression work and provides great opportunity for the exploration of plant-manufactured NA1 protein as vaccine candidate.
Human and Animal Pentastomiasis in Malaysia : Review Latif, Bahaa Mohamed Abdul; Muslim, Azdayanti; Chin, Heo Chong
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 6, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.12

Abstract

Pentastomiasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease induced by the larval stages of pentasomes. The disease has been reported in Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia and caused by the nymphs of the two genera:  Linguatula  and Armillifer and the two species L. serrata and A. armillatus regard for more than 90% of human cases. The definitive hosts of Armillifer spp. are snakes, lizards and other reptiles. The parasites live in the upper respiratory tracts and lay eggs that are passed out through respiratory secretions, saliva or faeces. Intermediate hosts are  humans, rodents and other mammals. Humans incidentally acquire the infestation by the consumption of uncooked infested snake meat or by drinking water contaminated with ova of the pentastomes. In the intestinal tract, the larvae hatch from the ova, penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate to organs in which the liver is the most common site. Human pentastomiasis was reported among aborigines in West and East Malaysia. Armillifer moniliformis was identified  in wild animals and carnivores with infection rate 1.8% and 20.7% respectively. The adults of pentostomes (A. moniliformis) were recovered from two out of six snakes Python reticulates. Recently a case of human pentastomiasis was reported in Sabah, East Malaysia, caused by nymph of Armillifer moniliformis.
Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus Detection Using Anti-Outer Membrane Protein (OMP) Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Alluza, Hamid Hunaif Dhofi; Mayasari, Ema Dianita; Prawiro, Sumarno Reto; Winarsih, Sri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.02

Abstract

Streptococcal pharyngitis sequel such as Rheumatic Fever (RF) or Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is an autoimmune response mediated by T cells and IgG. Since it is an autoimmune process, the result of bacterial culture as the gold standard of diagnosis often shows negative results. IgG against the 33 kDa OMP is considered as an important mediator in the process of these autoimmune diseases, so its presence in blood serum can be used as a diagnostic tool. The purpose of this study is to prove that 33 kDa OMP is one of the immunogenic parts of the Streptococcus Group A β-hemolytic, so it is expected that IgG anti-33 kDa OMP can recognize and respond the bacteria and to support the probability of the Streptococcus Group A β-hemolytic infection. This study was a laboratory experimental study with a control group design. Animal used was RattusNovergicus immunized with whole cell bacteria or 33 kDa OMP mixed with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant or Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant. Polyclonal IgG was obtained by drawing blood serum from the animals after immunization with Streptococcus Group A β-hemolytic for 4 weeks (A; n = 5) and 8 weeks (B; n = 5) or immunization with OMP 33 kDa for 4 weeks (C; n = 5) and 8 weeks (D; n = 5) and also negative control group (E; n = 5). Immunological tests were done using Dot Blot assay, ELISA, and immunocytochemical examination. The data obtained was then evaluated with statistical tests Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Repeated ANOVA (p < 0.05). The result showed that there was a difference in humoral immune response (IgG) between the groups albeit the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). Dot Blot and immunocytochemical tests indicated that IgG anti-33 kDa OMP were able to recognize and respond the Streptococcus Group A β-hemolytic antigen. This study concluded that 33 kDa OMP was the immunogenic part of the bacteria and that IgG anti-33 kDa OMP could recognize and respond the Streptococcus Group A β-hemolytic bacteria. 
Interaction Of Platelet Activating Factor Acetyl Hydrolase (Paf Ah) Enzyme In Gln281 To Arg281 Mutation Toward Paf And Its Molecular Dynamic Putri, Jayarani Fatimah; ., widodo; Rohman, Muhammad Saifur
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 4, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Platelet Activating Factor Acetyl Hydrolase (PAF AH) or LpPLA2 is key enzyme in myocardial infarction catalyzes the sn-2 acetyl group of Platelet Activating Factor (PAF) into lyso PAF and acetate as non-potent inflammatory molecules. PAF AH plays a critical role in arterial plaque development of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). A crystal structure of PAF AH complexes with other ligand and effects of amino acid alteration to protein plasma consequence have also been reported. Here we report on the result of molecular docking and Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation carried out for PAF AH wild type (WT)/PAF and mutant Q281R/PAF complexes. Docking result shown that amino acid residues on active site of Q281 PAF AH mutant have not recognized on PAF AH. Eelectrostatics and hydrophobic bonds significantly reduced in Q281R than wild type. In the 7500 ps MD simulation Q281R showed less dynamics than WT but enzymatic machinary of mutant Q281R was not interrupted during MD simulation as well as PAF AH wildtype. These findings clearly indicated the importance effect of mutant Q281R in PAF AH recognition to its substrate

Page 21 of 99 | Total Record : 986

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