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International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23033371     EISSN : 26559994     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology provides a unique venue for publishing original researches in biosciences and biotechnology, and ensures that authors could reach the widest possible audience. It publishes both full-length articles and short communications on all aspects of biotechnology and biosciences
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 160 Documents
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Phytochemical Analysis of Bulung Boni (Caulerpa cylindracea S.) N- Hexane Extract with Gc-Ms Method and Toxicity Test on Mice (Mus musculus L.) May Disa Br Silalahi; I Gede Putu Wirawan; I Nyoman Wijaya; I Ketut Suada; Trisna Agung Phabiola; Angelika Astaykina
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 10 No 2 (2023): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2023.v10.i02.p06

Abstract

One of the marine resource commodities owned by Indonesia is seaweed. Bulung boni is one type of seaweed that grown in Indonesia. Bulung boni is the regional name of Caulerpa cylindracea. Bulung boni is usually used as a food and medicine for most people in Bali. The purpose of this research is to study the content of phytochemical compounds in n-hexane extract of bulung boni and determine the toxicity effect on mice (Mus musculus). The methods used in this study were maceration, GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry), observation, and calculation with the Thomson and Weil formula. This study used 24 mice as experimental animals. Mice were divided into 6 treatment groups, group 1 as control was given 1% Na-CMC solution, groups 2-6 were given test extracts with doses, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 mg/30 g BW mice. The results showed the highest compound contained in the n-hexane extract of bulung boni was Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester with an AUC value of 35.21%. Toxicity tests on mice showed no deaths experienced by mice, so the LD50 value determined was pseudo at 16.6 g/ kg BW and fell into the practically non-toxic category
Analysis Of The Addition Of Coca-Cola Sludge For Quality Compost Production I Dewa Made Arthagama; I Made Dana
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 10 No 2 (2023): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2023.v10.i02.p02

Abstract

Bali as a tourist destination makes a perfect location for the soft drink industry, Coca-Cola, to build their factory which is located in Mengwi District, Badung Regency, Bali, Indonesia. In the production process of the beverage industry, of course, it produces by-products in the form of solid waste sludge that is not utilized. This study aims to determine the compost formula with the addition of Coca-cola sludge to improve the quality of the compost. This research was conducted from June to July 2021, using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 11 formulations of compost material, which was repeated 3 times so that 33 experiments were obtained. The results showed that the treatment G = (2.5 kg goat manure + 1.5 kg rice straw + 0.5 kg Coca-cola sludge) gave the best compost quality as indicated by the highest N, P, and K parameter values, the best C/N ratio, and pH approach to neutral. It should be tried to be applied in the field for plant growth and production using several plants and in several types of soil
Morphological and Chemical Characteristics of Porang Tubers (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) From Different Harvest Periods Gusti Setiavani; Budi Suarti; Mona Nur Moulia; Aisar Novita; Seca Gandaseca
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 10 No 2 (2023): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2023.v10.i02.p03

Abstract

Porang tubers (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) have recently garnered more attention with the increasing demand for their derivative products. This research aimed to determine the morphological and chemical characteristics of porang tubers from different harvest periods. The method used was a completely randomized design. Also, for comparison, the morphological and chemical characteristics of bulbils were obtained from previous studies. Based on the analysis, morphologically, the stem tubers have an oval shape developing at the base of the stem with yellowish-brown to orangish-brown skin. Bulbils have an irregular oval shape with brown skin and white spots. They all have similarly dark yellow fibers. The stem tubers in the first harvest period were smaller in diameter and lighter (479.20 ± 183.54 g) than in the second period (609.71 ± 169.42 g). In contrast, bulbils at the leaf axils are smaller (diameter = 3–3.7 cm, thickness = 1.9–2.4 cm) and only weigh about 12.3–25.3 g. Chemical analysis revealed that the flour made from the stem tubers contained 14.28–17.57% glucomannan and 9.16­–11.10% protein, generally higher than bulbils with 25.78% glucomannan and 9.52% protein (very low). The yields of porang flour were 0.15±0.02% and 0.14±0.01% from the first and second harvest.
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Milk Vegan Cheese with Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Bromelin Enzyme as Coagulant and Carrot (Daucus carota) Extract as Source of Antioxidants As-Syauqi, Syarifah Miftahqillah; Zulfa, Indana; Nafsiyah, Zakiyatun; Okina, Muhammad Syahrul Rizki; Isnawati, Isnawati
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 11 No 2 (2024): International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2024.v11.i02.p04

Abstract

Cheese has existed since ancient greece and became one of the fermented foods favored by the community. Cheese is obtained through the process of protein coagulation with the help of bacteria, enzymes, and acids. Increasingly accompanied by technological developments appear various types and preparations of cheese. Cheese is generally made from the milk of cows, goats, horses, and some other animals. But for the development of making cheese made from plants or plants is very rarely found. Making vegan cheese from peanut juice with coagulant enzyme, bromelin, pineapple and extra carrots as a source of antioxidants is present as a new cheese product. Antioxidants function as protectors of the body from free radicals that cause various diseases. To determine the content in vegan cheese made from peanut juice and the addition of carrot extract as a source of antioxidants, organoleptic tests were carried out, protein content tests using the biuret method, and antioxidant tests using DPPH solution. From the results of organoleptic tests carried out get a like response and in the protein content test, it was found that the use of peanut base ingredients has a higher level of protein content than the use of cow's milk base ingredients in cheese making. But in the test of antioxidant levels found that the addition of extra carrots had little affect antioxidant levels in cheese. This happens because the carrot extract present in vegan cheese undergoes oxidation.
Phytochemical Content Identification And Antioxidant Activity Test Of Ethanol Extract Parijata Fruit (Medinilla Speciosa Blume) In Bedugul Area, Bali, Indonesia Mintari, Gusti Ayu Willem; Suada, I Ketut; Phabiola, Trisna Agung; Wijaya, Nyoman; Yuliadhi, Ketut Ayu; Bakar, Nor Kartini Abu
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 11 No 1 (2023): International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2023.v11.i01.p04

Abstract

Antioxidants are compound that function as free radical scavengers, these compounds can be found in parijata fruit (Medinilla speciosa Blume). The secondary metabolites of this fruit can be identified by the GC-MS method. The aims of study to identification of phytochemical content and test the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of Parijata fruit (Medinilla speciosa Blume) in the Bedugul area of Bali. This method is used because it is more sensitive and the results of the analysis are easy to understand. Using the GC-MS method, 11 organic compounds with a quality value of ? 90 were found in the ethanol extract of parijata fruit which have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and others. The 3 compounds with the highest Area Under Curve were 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (AUC 31.05%); 1,2,3- Benzenetriol (AUC 22.32%); and 4H-pyran-4-one-2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl- (AUC 6.97%). These three compounds have antioxidant properties. Parijata fruit antioxidant activity test was tested with the DPPH method. The antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of parijata fruit has an IC50 value of 11.26 mg/L, in the category of very strong antioxidant activity. So that with this category, parijata fruit can be given further treatment as food for health. In addition, compounds with antimicrobial properties can be used as biopesticide products in agriculture.
Preliminary Study of Swiftlet House Transition for the Cultivation of Grey Oyster Mushrooms Hidayat, Muhammad Fariz; Novita, Aisar; Khulidin, Khairul Asfamawi; Ahmad, Kamarul Zaman; Akhir, Nurasmaliza Mohd; Fazil, Nurhidayah; Shahbuddin, Mohd Afif; Halim, Nur Hafizoh; Khair, Hadriman
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 11 No 1 (2023): International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2023.v11.i01.p09

Abstract

The transformation of the nest swiftlet house for the cultivation of grey oyster mushrooms is seen as a strategic transition. A few improvements and a little expense given a good value of impact on yield (mushrooms). A total of 119.3 g per bag of grey oyster media produced in the swiftlet house, Sg. Petani, Kedah compared to 149.1 g per media bag in the Environmental Controlled Mushroom House (CEMH), MARDI Headquater, Serdang, Selangor. Although, mushroom yield is higher (CEMH) than swiftlet house but CEMH operating cost is bigger (high electricity consumption). However, there was no significant difference in the yield of mushrooms in the swiftlet house (119.3 g per media bag) with the DANA project mushroom house, MARDI Kedah Office, Alor Setar, Kedah (115.9 g per media bag). Indirectly, giving an entrepreneur a second chance against financial loss.
Harnessing Serratia marcescens: A Dual Role as Biocontrol Agent Against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melongenae and Heteroauxin Producer Khalimi, Khamdan; Pranatayana, Ida Bagus Gde; Batin, Charlie B
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 11 No 2 (2024): International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2024.v11.i02.p05

Abstract

Pathogens and plant growth factors significantly influence plant growth and development. This study aims to investigate the potential of Serratia marcescens as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melongenae and its capability as a heteroauxin producer. Antagonistic tests of S. marcescens against F. oxysporum f.sp. melongenae were conducted using a dual culture method, while the antifungal activity of S. marcescens extract was assessed through the disk diffusion method. Salkowski's colorimetric test was performed both in vitro and in situ to analyze heteroauxin compounds, further identified by GC-MS. Results demonstrated that all four tested S. marcescens strains could inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. melongenae, with inhibition rates ranging from 93.76% to 94.02% compared to the control. These strains produced heteroauxin and its derivatives, including 3-methylindole, salicylic acid, and indole-3-acetic acid methyl ester, as confirmed by GC-MS. This study concludes that the examined S. marcescens strains are promising biocontrol agents and heteroauxin producers, highlighting their potential for sustainable agriculture practices.
Number and Activity of Microorganisms in Organic and Conventional Soil in Subak Blongyang Tabanan, Bali, Indonesia Avianto, Rio Jonathan; Kartini, Ni Luh; Soniari, Ni Nengah
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 11 No 1 (2023): International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2023.v11.i01.p05

Abstract

Microorganisms are most broadly used as an indicator of soil fertility and quality. Organic farming is an agricultural technique that does not use synthetic pesticides or fertilizers, believed to be a solution to the negative impacts of conventional farming systems. This study aimed to compare soil microbial numbers and activities in organic and conventional paddy fields and determine their influencing factors in Subak Blongyang, Tabanan, Indonesia. The research methods comprised literature study, field survey, soil sampling, and soil analysis in the laboratory, with soil respiration as a measure of microbial activity. Afterward, the data derived were tabulated and analyzed descriptively. Results show that the total microorganisms (19.16x106 cfu/g) and soil respiration (8.58 mgC-CO2/kg/day) in organic paddy fields were higher than in samples collected from conventional paddy fields (2.46 x106 cfu/g; 5.82 mgC-CO2/kg/day). Similarly, the laboratory tests of various supporting variables indicate that soils in the former were always more favorable for microbial growth and activities than the latter, as seen from total-N, organic-C, organic matter, C/N ratio, and soil pH.
Selection, Isolation, and Identification of Entomopathogenic Bacteria and fungi against Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith in Maize Soesanto, Loekas; Anik Leana, Ni Wayan; Suroto, Agus
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 11 No 2 (2024): International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2024.v11.i02.p01

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most devastation pests of maize. The control of S. frugiperda so far relies on synthetic pesticides, which can cause deleterious effects on the environments, especially when the insects start to exhibit resistance. The use of entomopathogenic bacteria and/or fungi could provide environmentally friendly alternatives in controlling S. frugiperda. Selections were started by collecting dead S. frugiperda larvae from several locations. These specimens were placed in PDA and NA media. The isolated bacteria and fungi were purified and individually tested on S. frugiperda larvae to determine the rates of mortality and feed consumption. This study employed a complete randomized design and trials were repeated three times. Results showed that Lia and Lib bacterial isolates produce mortality rates of 50% and 23.33%, respectively, on S. frugiperda larvae. Fungal isolates P1, P2, K2, and K3 produced mortality rates on S. frugiperda larvae in the range of 10-16.67%. The highest reduction of feed consumption was produced by K3 isolate at 34.16%. Lia, Lib, P1, P2, and K2 isolates decreased feed consumption at 14.77%, 26.87%, 24.02%, 33.18, and 31.14%, respectively. Molecular identifications showed that Lia and Lib isolates were Aeromonas hydrophila strain DUCC5728HX-3 and Acinetobacter soli strain GFJ2, respectively. This is the first report on entomopathogenic bacteria on S. fruguperda larvae. Fungal isolates K2, K3, P1, and P2 were identified to be Penicillium citrinum strain DUCC5728, Metarhizium rileyi strain 936, and Aspergillus flavus strain KU20018.4, respectively.
Prevalence and Characteristic of Superficial Fungal Infection in Denpasar City, Bali, Indonesia Wirawan, I Gde Nengah Adhilaksman Sunyamurthi; Wijaya, I Made Indra
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 11 No 1 (2023): International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2023.v11.i01.p01

Abstract

Superficial mycoses are the most common dermatological diseases caused chiefly by dermatophytes. Due to poor hygiene, superficial mycosis is more common in rural areas, yet the disease can also spread in urban areas. This study aims to determine the prevalence of superficial mycoses and compare the characteristics of skin lesions with the results of a microscopic examination of the fungus. According to this study, Pityriasis versicolor (22.2%), Tinea corporis (35.8%), and Tinea cruris (25.3%) were the three most prevalent superficial mycoses. The age distribution revealed that 25.4% of the samples were obtained from children, 37.3% from young adults, 25.4% from middle-aged adults, and 11.9% from old adults. Results from microscopic examination suggest that hyphae were absent in 28.4% of samples suspected of having an infection with superficial mycoses. In this study, the short hyphae of Malassezia and the septate and hyaline hyphae of dermatophytes could be distinguished.

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