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International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology

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Published by Universitas Udayana

ISSN : 23033371 EISSN : 26559994 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Social,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science

International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology provides a unique venue for publishing original researches in biosciences and biotechnology, and ensures that authors could reach the widest possible audience. It publishes both full-length articles and short communications on all aspects of biotechnology and biosciences

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Articles 160 Documents

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ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI (AMF) IN CASHEW PLANTS (Anacardium occindentale L.) IN DATAH VILLAGE, ABANG DISTRICT OF KARANGASEM REGENCY I Ketut Suada; Evy Prima; Made Sritamin; I Wayan Adiartayasa; I Gede Ketut Susrama; I Gede Putu Wirawan
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 5 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Isolation and identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in cashew plants was carried out in Datah Village, Abang District of Karangasem Regency. This study aims to determine the diversity of mycorrhizal spores in the cashew rhizosphere and AMF infections in the roots of cashew plants. The result in microscopic observations found 5 genera of AMF spores such as Glomus, Racocetra, Entrophospora, Septoglomus, and Acaulospora and the population of the genus Glomus were found most dominant in the rhizosphere of cashew plants. The result of staining root with trypan blue obtained the internal structure of AMF in the form of vesicles, arbuscules and hyphae found in root tissue of cashew plants. The result of AMF DNA amplification with primer NS31 and AML2 showed 560 bp bands in electrophoresis with 1% agarose gel determined AMF infection in root of cashew plants.

EFFECT OF THE SOIL PROTECTION SHEET AND THE BAG MATERIAL ON THE SOIL MICROORGANISMS AND THE INDIGENOUS ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN THE VOLCANIC DEVASTATED SITE IN MT. BATUR, BALI, INDONESIA Nobuyuki Kohno; Kayo Gouya; Shin-ichi Sekiyama; Motoyuki Suzuki; I Gede Putu Wirawan
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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In the volcanic devastated site of Mt. Batur located in the north eastern part of Bali, Indonesia,the test construction with the soil protection sheet and the bag material for the prevention of soilerosion and the revegetation had been executed in December, 2012 and the effect has beenverified by now. In this study, the effect of the sheet on the soil microorganisms was investigatedand the effect of the indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which had been put into the bagmaterial with 3 kinds of woody plant seeds, on the vegetation was verified. As a result, after 2years and 8 months from the construction, it was showed that the soil microorganisms under thesheet without the plant increased 2 to 2.4 times more than those in the bare site without the plant.Furthermore, those soil microorganisms under the sheet with the plant increased 8.4 to 8.9 timesmore than those in the bare site without the plant. It is considered that the cutting fragments in thelength of about 5cm of the gramineous plant root existed near the construction site put into thebag material with the woody plant seeds contributed to the colonization of the arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi into the roots of seedlings from the seeds and the survival of the seedlings fromthe seeds as the inocula of the fungi.

IN-PLANTA TRANSFORMATION METHOD MEDIATED WITH Agrobacterium tumefaciens FOR T-DNA TRANSFER IN TABLE GRAPE (Vitis vinifera L.) Rindang Dwiyani; Hestin Yuswanti; Yuyun Fitriani; Bambang Sugiharto
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 6 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

The aim of the research is to investigate a simple method of in planta transformation method for T-DNA transfer in table grape. The T-DNA harbored the S0SPS1 gene under the control of promoter of the 35S CaMV from the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus and contained the NPTII gene, a kanamycin-resistant gene as a selectable marker for transformant selection. Six-month plants originated from cuttings were used as target plants. We explored two methods of in planta transformation, namely ”dipping” and “sweeping”. For both methods, the leaves of the target plants were removed and those of shoots without leaves were used as the target of transformation. In the “dipping method”, those shoots were dipped with the agrobacterial suspension for 60 seconds. However, for the “sweeping method”, the scars (the spots where leaves were removed) were swept with agrobacterial suspension using a cotton bud. Those treated non-leafy-shoots (from both methods) then were grown to be leafy shoots. Those leafy shoots then were cut and transplanted into the soil and grown to be a whole plant. The leaves of those plants then were taken as samples for DNA extraction and PCR using primers of NPTII gene (Forward: 5’-GTCATCTCACCTTCCTCCTGCC-3’; Reverse: 5’ GTCGCTTGGTCGGTCATTTCG-3’) with expected amplified band of 550 bp. We found that only the “sweeping method” plants amplified the 550 bp bands, while those of the “dipping method” did not. We suggest that the T-DNA was successfully integrated into the genome of plants treated with the “sweeping method” but not with the “dipping method”. Leaf sugar content (oBrix) of PCR-positive vines was higher than those of the wild-type vines, ensuring the integration of the T-DNA into the plant genome.

EXTRACT ETHANOL SEAWEEDS LOWERING LEVEL OF SERUM HMG-CoA REDUCTASE ENZYME OF WISTAR RATS HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA Ketut Sri Marhaeni Julyasih; I Gede Putu Wirawan
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 1 No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipidemia has been established as an important risk factor of cardiovasculardisease. Patients with hypercholesterolemia usually require a prolonged treatment; and the newer and morepotent generation of antilipid agents is costly. In Bali there are several types of seaweed that are generallyconsumed by local people and known by local names of Bulung Boni (Caulerpa spp.) and Bulung Sangu(Gracilaria spp.). Effect of Bulung Boni and Bulung Sangu extracts to reduce level of HMG-??CoA reductaseenzyme are still very limited both in extent and depth, and further investigations were considered relevantand needed. This experimental study used completely randomized design, using a total of 24 Wistar ratsdivided into six sample groups of equal size, all fed with a diet high in cholesterol content. The six samplegroups were respectively designated as negative control group, positive control group, and four treatedsample groups, respectively, fed orally with a dose of 20 mg and 60 mg extracts of Bulung Boni per 100g ofbody weight per day, and 20 mg and 60 mg extracts of Bulung Sangu per 100g body weight per day. Eachtreatment was repeated four times. Results showed that rats fed with high-??cholesterol diet and treated withoral Bulung Boni or Bulung Sangu extract at a dose of 20 mg and 60 mg/100 g bw/ day were statisticallysignificantly decrease serum HMG-??CoA reductase enzyme levels (p < 0.05) as compared with those of ratsfed with high cholesterol diet without treatment with Bulung Boni or Bulung Sangu extracts. It implied thatBulung Boni and Bulung Sangu extracts decrease level of HMG-??CoA reductase enzyme by significantlylowering serum HMG-??CoA reductase enzyme levels.

INCREASE VARIATION ON POTATO ‘GRANOLA’ USING GAMMA RAY IRRADIATION Muhammad Ibadullah; Ida Ayu Astarini; Eniek Kriswiyanti
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 6 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Potato is one of the main carbohydrate sources around the world, including Indonesia. Potato production in Bali generally does not use good quality of potato seed, causing disease infection and reduce productivity. An alternative effort to produce high quality potato is by induce mutation of tuber using gamma ray irradiation. This study aims to find out percentage of survival after irradiation of ‘Granola’ potato shoots and determine the post-irradiation potato growth and productivity. This research was conducted at Laboratory of Central Application of Isotope and Irradiation (PAIR), Pasar Jumat, Batan, Jakarta and UPT BBITPH Bedugul, Bali. Planting materials were early generation (G0) potato seed tubers. This study employ completely randomized factorial design with one factor, i.e. irradiation doses of 0, 20 gy and 40 Gy. Variable observed included percentage of shoots survive, and variations in production. Results showed that 20 Gy was the best dose to increase tuber production.

DETECTION AND ELIMINATION VIRUS ON POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.) Debora Margareth; Ida Ayu Astarini; I Gede Rai Maya Temaja
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 5 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

This study aims to determine the symptoms of virus attacks on potato crops, identification of viruses that attack potato plants in Pancasari village, Bali, efectivity of thermotherapy technique to eliminate in vivo potato. The research was taken using purposive sampling technique and complete random program. Virus symptoms were observed on two potato fields. Serological test employed DAS-ELISA with PVX, PVS, PVY and PLRV antiserum. In vivo elimination virus were done by thermoteraphy in 37°C±1°C (4 days), 34°C±1°C (3 days) on 3 weeks and 33°C±1°C (4 days), 30°C±1°C (3 days) on 2 weeks. Results of the study at Pancasari Village Bali shown varied symptoms on potato leaves, such as mottle, mosaic, malformation, leafroll, witchesbroom. Through serological test, had identified viruses were 11.11% PVX, 55.56% PVS, 80% PVY and 11.11% PLRV which were infected farmer’s potato. In vivo thermotherapy was succeed decreasing PVS and PVY level during 2 weeks on 33°C±1°C (4 days) and 30°C±1°C (3 days).

MAPPING LAND SUITABILITY OF SUBAK ON BASED ON GEOGRAPHYC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) IN DENPASAR, BALI Ni Made Trigunasih; Indayati Lanya; I Nengah Netera Subadiyasa; I Made Adnyana
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 4 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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This study aims to identify and provide land suitability database of Subak to support sustainable agricultural development and provide spatial information such as land suitability maps with existing inhibiting factor. The method used was field survey to obtain data characteristics/quality of land through soil sampling on several land units sample, and soil analysis in the laboratory. Land suitability classification was done using the criteria from the Technical Instructions Evaluation of Land for Agricultural Commodities by matching between the quality/characteristics of the land with the growing requirements of rice crop being evaluated. The analysis of actual land suitability both of S2 (little suitable) with limiting factors included drainage, texture, depth of planting, salinity, N- available, P-available and K-available, and slope; and S3 (marginally suitable) with limiting factors such as N-available, P-available and salinity. The assumption of business improvements that can be made to the determine quality/characteristics of the land Subak was an inhibiting factor, with optimization by improved drainage channels, N and P in accordance with the needs of the rice plant. Therefore the suitability of potential land for irrigated rice crops can be mapped by GIS and can be increased to very suitable (S1) level. In conclusions, the actual land suitability was categories as 72% little suitable (S2) and 28% marginally suitable or S3 with inhibiting factors included rooting medium, availability of nutrients, slope and salinity. While the suitability of potential land consisted of all of Subak that invery suitable (S1)level, so that the existence of Subak in Denpasar should be protected.

GENETIC DIVERSITY AND FRUIT QUALITY OF SEVERAL POMELO “JERUK BALI” (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) CULTIVARS IN BALI Ida Bagus Komang Mahardika; I Nyoman Rai; Made Sudiana Mahendra; Rindang Dwiyani
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 5 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and fruits quality of the "Jeruk Bali" cultivars grown in Bali. This research was conducted in all regencies and city in Bali, during 2016. Furthermore, several cultivars of “Jeruk Bali” were genetically analyzed based on RAPD markers using 10 primers. Analysis of the quality of fruit is based on physical properties and chemical content. Eighteen cultivars of "Jeruk Bali" obtained have a fruit morphological character with round, short round, and piriform fruit shapes, which are red, pink, cream and white flesh color. RAPD analysis results at 53% similarity level are grouped into 5 groups. The first group was only one cultivar, the second group consisted of 13 cultivars, the third and fourth groups were only one cultivar, while the fifth group consisted of two cultivars. The analysis of the diversity between cultivars based on the combination of physical and chemical properties of the fruit with hierarchy method on similarity level about 85% in a group is obtained by 4 (four) groups. Groupings by combination of physical and chemical properties of the fruit are not synchronized in their entirety with dendograms based on their genetic diversity. This illustrates the physico-chemical properties of “Jeruk Bali” fruit in general is not fully genetical expressed, but also influenced by conditions of environmental growth.

POTENTIAL UTILIZATION IN DYE DECOLORIZATION OF SPENT MUSHROOM SUBSTRATES Hee-Wan Kang
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Pleurotus ostreatus, P. eryngii, and Flammulina velutipes are main edible mushrooms that account forover 89% of total mushroom production in Korea. Of them, cultivation of P. eryngii is 25%. About 2.5million tons of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is produced each year in Korea. It is either used asgarden fertilizer or deposited in landfills, which pollutes the environment. This study was carried out toextract the lignocellulolytic enzymes amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), cellulase (EC 3.2.1.4), laccase (EC 1.10.3.2),and xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) were efficiently extracted from spent mushroom substrate (SMS) of ediblemushrooms. laccase activity were highest in extracts from the P. eryngii SMS, with values of 8.01 U/g.The synthetic dyes remazol brilliant blue R and Congo red were decolorized over 88 and 93% by thewater extract of P. eryngii SMS within 120 min, and the extract’s decolorization ability was compared tocommercial laccase. Furthermore, the SMS extract was applied to decolorize textile mill wastewater dyefor its industrial application.

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International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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