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Berkala Kedokteran
Published by Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
ISSN : 14120550     EISSN : 25485660     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.20527
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Berkala Kedokteran is a journal contains scientific articles from original research and literature review in medical and health scope. It is published twice in a year, on February and September.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 478 Documents
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Effect of Heavy Metal Polluted River Water on Body Weight and Hemoglobin Level in White Rats (Rattus novergicus) Hendriyono, Franciscus Xaverius; Devi, Wivina Riza; Rosida, Azma; Hidayat, Taufiq
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18783

Abstract

Contamination of heavy metal on the South Kalimantan River has become a well thrived issue. In the Barito River watershed, it is reported that there are heavy metals in the form of Pb, Hg and Cd. Heavy metals can affect physiological anatomical changes and the hematopoietic system. This study aims to determine the impact of heavy metal contamination on changes in body weight and hemoglobin levels. The research method is a true laboratory experiment using a pre-post-test group design. The subjects used were healthy male white rats (Rattus norvegicus), aged 2-6 months and weighing 250-300 gr. The research group was divided into two groups, the control group (K) was a group of experimental animals that were given distilled water while the treatment group (P) was a group of experimental animals that were given water contaminated with heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg) ad libitum for 30 days. The results showed that there was no effect of giving Pb metal; 0.01 mg/l = 0.006 mg/kgBW, Cd; 0.003 mg/l = 0.018 mg/kgBW, Hg; 0.001 mg/l = 0.0006 mg/kgBW and Pb+Cd+Hg; 0.006 mg/kgBB + 0.018 mg/kgBB + 0.0006 mg/kgBB on body weight of white rats. There was a significant decrease in Hb levels in white rat hemoglobin after administration of Pb metal; 0.01 mg/l = 0.006 mg/kgBB. Pb metal in water can influence changes in decreasing Hb levels during sub-acute administration. It can be concluded that there was a significant difference in hemoglobin levels before and after giving water containing Pb/lead metal, whereas in the other groups there was no significant difference, as did the Hb levels.
Raphanus Sativus Leaves Ethanol Extract’s Effect on Heart Muscle’s Nuclear Factor Kappa B in Diabetic Rats Hendrawati, Asri; Djunet, Nur Aini
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20583

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia increases oxidative stress that damage cells including in heart muscle. Oral hypoglycemic drugs cant reduce the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) which plays an important role in inflammation and cell damage. Radish leaves (Raphanus sativus) are known to have compounds that can reduce the expression of NFkB.This study aimed to determine the effect of radish leaves on the expression of NFkB in heart muscle. The study design was an experimental laboratory post-test control group design. The subjects were DM male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), weight 150-300 grams, 3-4 months old. Rats were divided into four groups and took the treatment orally for 28 days. The 1st group got plain water. The 2nd group got glibenclamide 5 mg/kg BW/day. The 3rd and 4th groups got 50% and 100% ethanol extract of radish leaves. After the end of treatment, the heart's tissue was taken for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to measure the proportion of NFkB. The intervention of ethanol extract of radish leaves 50% and 100% for 28 days reduced the percentage of NFkB in the heart muscle cell of rats than placebo and glibenclamide 5 mg/kg BW ((p=0.000). There was no difference between radish leaf extract concentration of 50% and 100% for 28 days in reducing the expression level of NFkB in the heart muscle cell of rats (p=0.876).This research has not been done before and is important for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in the future.
Maternal Complications of Severe Preeclampsia at Tugurejo Hospital, Semarang, 2016-2020 Widyadhana, Indra Renata; Sudiat, Muhamad; Fuad, Wijayanti
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18905

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a condition accompanied by hypertension and proteinuria in pregnancy. Preeclampsia is divided into mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, and superimposed preeclampsia on chronic hypertension. Severe preeclampsia is characterized by systolic pressure ≥160 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥110 mmHg, thrombocytopenia (<100,000 µL), and serum creatinine level >1.1 mg/dl or creatinine level increased from normal levels without coexisting kidney disease. Severe preeclampsia can cause several complications for the mother and fetus. Descriptive research with cross sectional design and retrospective approach. Sampling was in the form of medical records; this study used a total sampling method with a population from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020. This research was conducted in February 2022 - March 2022 at Tugurejo Hospital, Semarang. Obtained the results of normal delivery as much as 89.5% and severe preeclampsia as much as 588 10.5%, ideal maternal age as much as 73% and risky maternal age as many as 159 cases 27%. In severe preeclampsia with the ideal age, vaginal delivery 51.0%, multigravidas 64.1%, term delivery age 62.5%, no history of hypertension or severe preeclampsia in previous pregnancies 86.7%, and the most complications was pulmonary edema (2.3%). In severe preeclampsia at risk age, vaginal delivery was 52.8%, multigravida was 86.8%, term delivery was 63.5%, had no history of hypertension or severe preeclampsia in previous pregnancies was 64.2%, and complications the most was pulmonary edema (5.7%). The ratio of normal births to severe preeclampsia is 8:1, severe preeclampsia occurs mostly in women of ideal age,At the ideal age and at risk, the majority are abdominal, multigravida, term deliveries, have no history of hypertension and preeclampsia, and the complications found includepulmonary edema, eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, HELLP syndrome, heart failure, thrombocytopenia, acute renal failure, hepatic rupture, and maternal death.
Cost Minimization Analysis of Oral Antidiabetic Drugs in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patiens at Sultan Suriansyah Hospital January-December 2022 Period Ain, Farah Noor; Aryzki, Saftia; Abdi, Muhammad Mahendra
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18764

Abstract

Diabetes According to WHO (2016) is a serious chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. The high cost of treating DM patients is reaching USD 1,500 to 9,000 in developing countries. The difference in costs for oral antidiabetics and the high cost analysis method. This study aims to determine the minimum cost between metformin 500 mg and acarbose 100 mg drugs in Sultan Suriansyah Banjarmasin in adult patients. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional design based on medical records and detail of patient costs in January-December 2022. The number of sample in this study were 39 patients. The statistic analysis used in study is the Mann-Whitney test and the Independent T-Test. The result of the analysis of cost minimization based on the average total cost of therapy are Rp 419,560 for metformin 500ng and Rp 680,922 for acarbose 100 mg with a probability value > 0.05 for the cost of co morbidities which means that there is no significant difference between the two drugs. Probability value < 0.05 for antidiabetic oral drug costs, lab costs and total therapy costs which means the there is a significant difference between the two drugs. Conclusion in this study is aral antidiabetic therapy for minimal diabetes mellitus is metformin compared to acarbose.
The Effects of Cayenne Pepper Juice (Capsicum frutescens L.) on Decreasing the Number of Goblet Cells in the Small Intestine Mucosa of Rats Usman, Sherly; Makiyah, Sri Nabawiyati Nurul; Danantika, Wiriasti
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20578

Abstract

Cayenne pepper contains capsaicin and irritates the mucous of the digestive tract. Goblet cells play a role in mucosal defense because they produce mucin. In previous research, cayenne pepper juice caused gastric mucosal damage and improve at certain doses. This Research is a continuation of previous research, which was to determine the effect of cayenne pepper on the number of goblet cells of the small intestine mucosa of rats and is additional material for the development of therapy for digestive disorders. An experimental study with a post-test only and control group design, used 20 male rats, divided into 1 control (K) and 4 treatment groups (C45, C90, D135, and E180). Cayenne pepper juice was given according to the dose of the group using a gastric probe for 6 days. On the 7th day, the small intestine was taken and processed on histological preparation. Microscopic observations of goblet cells counted on average every 100 epithelia in 20 villi in 15 fields of view and the mean number was tested by One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc test. Analysis showed a significantly different mean number of goblet cells between groups (p<0.05), the highest was in the C135 (34.100 ± 1.274), the lowest mean was in the K (12.050 ± 0.462), and there was a decrease in the mean number in the C180 (28.525 ± 2.309). Cayenne pepper juice had effected the highest increase in the number of goblet cells at a dose of 135 mg and decreased at the dose of 180 mg of cayenne pepper in the small intestine of rats. 
Epidemiology and Management of Distal Radioulnar Injuries at Hadji Boejasin General Hospital, Pelaihari Pratama, Yudha; Iqbal, Muhammad
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18815

Abstract

Distal radius fracture is one of the most common fractures, especially in the elderly. This fracture often followed by an ulna fracture, causing interference with the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). The aim of this study is to provide an overview of DRUJ trauma management along with its indications. This research is a retrospective descriptive study. Data collection was carried out from the medical record data of DRUJ trauma patients who were treated through the ED of H. Boejasin General Hospital. There were 19 samples that met the inclusion criteria, aged 18-60 years. A total of 7 patients (36.84%) underwent ORIF, 12 patients (63.16%) LAC (91.67%), and 1 patient underwent SAC (8.33%). Surgery is the main choice of treatment by orthopedic surgeons for DRUJ trauma patients due to high impact injuries, while conservative management is sufficient for low impact injuries.
Description of Orthopaedic Trauma and Non-Trauma Cases in Emergency Unit of RSUD H. Boejasin 2017–2022 Pratama, Yudha; Iqbal, Muhammad; ‘Addawani, Musyaffa
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20594

Abstract

Orthopedic cases are still considered as the biggest cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. An understanding of epidemiology, expected to help related parties to plan better management. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of trauma and non-traumatic cases in orthopedics. This research is a retrospective descriptive study. Data collection was carried out retrospectively from the medical records of orthopedic patients admitted to Emergency Department of H. Boejasin Hospital from 2017-2022. There were 137 samples that met the inclusion criteria. A total of 128 patients (93.43%) were categorized as trauma and 9 patients (6.56%) were non-trauma. Orthopedic patients are dominated by males with age in the range of 18-60 years, namely 84 patients (61.32%). 77 patients (56.20%) used BPJS as financing. Trauma is the most frequent cause of patients being brought to the emergency department, which is dominated by men of reproductive age. Health insurance plays an important role in helping patients pay for treatment.
Scented Root Extract (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) Inhibits Bacillus cereus Growth In-Vitro Hapsari, Bramantyas Kusuma; Sahabuddin, Rosdiana; Vebrianty, Rizky Indah
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18918

Abstract

Bacillus cereus, a gram-positive bacterium with a high incidence of causing infection through food, is a common cause of infection. Plant extract from Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, and has been demonstrated to exhibit antibacterial action against other bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The purpose of this study is determining the antibacterial activity of vetiver root extract (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.)) against the growth of Bacillus cereus bacteria in vitro. In this experimental study, the inhibition effect of vetiver root extract against Bacillus cereus growth was measured using disc diffusion method. Extract consentraion used in this tudy were 60%, 80% and 100%. The diameter of area with no bacterial growth around disc (inbition zone) was measured and the average of diamter from four independent measurement was used to decide the sensitivity of bacteria towards the extract. The average measurement results from 60 percent concentration of extract were 6.70 mm, 7.04 mm for 80 percent concentration, and 7.05 mm for 100 percent extract concentration. The positive control, Amoxicillin 500 mg, had a diameter of 14.35 mm, whereas the negative control, sterile distilled water, had no impact. Bacillus cereus bacteria growth can be inhibited by Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) extract.
Anti-Biofilm Activity of Ethanol Extract of Citrus hystrix Dc. Against Opportunistic Pathogenic Microbes In-Vitro Budiarti, Lia Yulia; Khatimah, Husnul; Ridhoni, Muhammad Zaki; Hafizhah, Ghina; Fachriyad, Muhammad; Arietama, George
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18765

Abstract

Opportunistic pathogenic microbes are often a problem in the treatment of infections because of their ability to form biofilms. The structure of the irreversible components of the glycocalyx or microbial capsule plays a role in protecting it from antimicrobial exposure and disinfection. The effectiveness of antibiofilms needs to be evaluated, including those from natural preparations. Citrus hystrix DC. (C.hystrix) contains antimicrobial compounds and its activity as an antibiofilm needs to be known. This experimental research aims to test the anti-biofilm effect of C.hystrix extract against standard microbial isolates. The dilution method with tube-test was used to analyze the antibiofilm effect of a combination of C. hystrix leaf and peel extracts (6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) with 70% ethanol control. Antibiofilm observations are qualitatively based on the Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC) and quantitatively based on the Mean Gray Value (MGV) of biofilm intensity. The results of observations in 3 experiments showed that the MBIC of C.hystix extract was 6.25% for gram-positive bacteria and 12.5% for gram-negative bacteria and Candida. The average MGV of C.hystrix extract was 75%, equivalent to 70% ethanol for all test microbes (p.0.05). The highest average MGV was produced by 100% combination extracts for S.epidermidis (138,09±0,36), S.aureus (135,69±2,01), E.coli (134,75±0,89), P.aeruginosa (130,76±0,24), and C.albicans (130,41±0,41). In conclusion, hystrix orange leaf and peel extracts produce anti-biofilm activity against test microbes in-vitro.
The Utility of Alvarado Score, RIPASA Score, NLR, and PLR for Predicting Acute Appendicitis Halim, Sanjaya; Parinding, Imanuel Taba
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20575

Abstract

Acute appendicitis requires fast and precise diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis will increase the risk of complications, as well as morbidity and mortality. Modalities such as ultrasound or CT scan are not always available. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Alvarado score, RIPASA score, NLR and PLR to predict the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in a type C Hospital. This research is an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional approach, from medical records. The diagnosis is made by surgeon based on clinical, laboratory, imaging findings, then confirmed by surgery and histopathology. From a total of 32 patients, there were 21 patients (66%) with a final diagnosis of acute appendicitis, and 11 patients (34%) with a final diagnosis of non-acute appendicitis. Alvarado score ³7 has an AUC value of 81.6%, with a sensitivity of 57.14%, a specificity of 81.82%. RIPASA score ³7.5 has an AUC value of 84.6% with a sensitivity of 80.95%, a specificity of 81.82%. NLR with a cut-off value of >4.49 can be used to detect acute appendicitis, and a cut-off value of >9.13 for perforated appendicitis. PLR with a cut-off value of >172.2 can be used to detect perforated appendicitis.

Page 47 of 48 | Total Record : 478

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