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MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal)
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 24076724     EISSN : 24425001     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Neuroscience
Malang Neurology Journal is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting neurological sciences generated from basic neurosciences and clinical neurology. This journal publishes original articles, reviews, and also interesting case reports. Brief communications containing short features of medicine, latest developments in diagnostic procedures of neurology disease, treatment, or other health issues related to neurology that is important also acceptable. Letters and commentaries of our published articles are welcome.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 25 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January" : 25 Documents clear
IN SILICO STUDY OF ETHYL P-METHOXYCINNAMATE (EPMS) AND GALANGIN COMPOUND AGAINTS NON-STRUCTURAL PROTEIN 3 (6W6Y) AND NON-STRUCTURAL PROTEIN 5 (6M2N) AS POTENTIAL ANTI-SARS CoV-2 DRUG Achmad Tri Sugiarto Kharisul Islam Fazri; Prof. Dr. Apt. Roihatul Mutiah, M.Kes; dr. Dewi Santosaningsih, MKes, SpMK, PhD; Ike Prafita Sari
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.02

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 or Covid-19 is an acute respiratory infection caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes a pandemic in various parts of the world. Studies in silico of natural compounds reveal potential drug candidate. Objective: This research aims to predict the binding affinity of  Etil P-Metoksi Sinamat (EPMS) and Galangin to Non-Structural Protein 3 (NSP3) and Non-Structural Protein 5 (NSP5) receptors using insilico approach. Methods: This study using EPMS and Galangin against NSP3 and NSP5 of SARS CoV-2 while Remdesivir used as reference drug. Ligand interaction predicted using Molegro Virtual Docker 6.0. Physicochemical properties predicted using SwissADME. Prediction of ligand toxicity was evaluated using Protox II Online Tool and pkCSM online tool base on LD50 classification. Results: EPMS compound had the best affinity and had the most stable binding on NSP3 (Rerank score  -130.11 kcal/mol, H-Bond -10.10 kcal/mol, Moldock Score -140.56 kcal/mol) and NSP5 (Rerank score  -113.87 kcal/mol, H-Bond -10.19 kcal/mol, Moldock Score -117.29 kcal/mol). Galangin compounds have lower affinity for NSP3 (Rerank score  -107.02 kcal/mol, H-Bond -7.61 kcal/mol, Moldock Score -103.75 kcal/mol) and NSP5 (Rerank score -84.40 kcal/mol H-Bond -9.88 kcal/mol,Moldock Score -100.53 kcal/mol). The Docking of these two compounds were better when compared to Remdesivir in NSP3 (Rerank score  -83.55 kcal/mol, H-Bond -6.88 kcal/mol, Moldock Score -99.86 kcal/mol) and NSP5 (Rerank score  -83.55 kcal/mol, H-Bond -3.80 kcal/mol, Moldock Score -100.45 kcal/mol). Galangin and EPMS compounds to have better oral bioavailability than Remdesivir compounds. In the toxicity prediction test, the results showed that the EPMS compound was included in class 6 with an LD50 of 7900 mg/kg, Galangin compound was included in class 5 with an LD50 of 3919 mg/kg, Remdesivir compound was included in class 4 with an LD50 of 1190 mg/kg. Conclusion: EPMS reveal best affinity, bioavaibility and toxicity with NSP3 and NSP5.
EFFECT OF INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF SECRETOME ON MALONDIALDEHYDE LEVELS IN ROTENONE-INDUCED PARKINSON'S DISEASE RATS Aliza, Sharla; Sidharta, Veronika Maria; Sasmita, Poppy Kristina; Ardianto, Christian; Barus, Jimmy
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.03

Abstract

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with an increasing prevalence. Oxidative stress is known to contribute to the development of PD through lipid peroxidation, which causes damage to the substantia nigra pars compacta. Lipid peroxidation produces malondialdehyde (MDA), which is known to be elevated in PD patients. Up till now, there is no cure for PD, and the available therapies are only symptomatic. The secretome from Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) has antioxidant and neuroprotective components, making it a potential therapeutic agent that may slow the progression of PD. Objective: This study seeks to determine the effect of MSC secretome on oxidative stress in rotenone-induced PD rats. Methods: This research was an in-vivo experiment conducted with 30 male Sprague Dawley rats, divided into sham control, rotenone (+) secretome (-), and rotenone (+) secretome (+) groups. Rotenone (2.75 mg/kgBW) was administered for seven days to induce a PD model. Secretome administration (1 mg/ml) was carried out on days 3, 5, and 7. MDA levels were determined using the sandwich ELISA method. Results: This study found no significant difference in MDA levels among the three groups (p = 0.203). The sham control group had the lowest MDA 1.32(0.53) nmol/mL, followed by the rotenone (+) secretome (+) group 1.56(0.33) nmol/ml, and the highest MDA was observed in the rotenone (+) secretome (-) group 1.88(0.14) nmol/mL. Conclusion: Administration of MSC secretome did not significantly cause changes in plasma MDA levels of rotenone-induced Parkinson Disease rats.
CRANIOFACIAL ANTHROPOMETRY CHARACTERISTIC AND DERMATOGLYPHICS PATTERN AMONG SCHIZOPHRENIA SUBJECTS IN JAVANESE ETHNIC OF INDONESIA Cahayani, Wike Astrid; Adiba, Rizqi Hasna; ‘Aisy, Nabilah Rohadatul; Widyanto, Ilham Aditya; Sunardi, Adisty Aulia Kamarani; Ramadhan, Yanuar; Yudhantara, Dearisa Surya; Kurnianingsih, Nia
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.01

Abstract

Background: Craniofacial dysmorphology and dermatoglyphic abnormalities in schizophrenia patients are hypothesized to reflect neurodevelopmental disturbances during embryogenesis. These markers may serve as cost-effective, non-invasive tools for identifying individuals at risk of schizophrenia. Objective: This study aimed to explore craniofacial anthropometry and dermatoglyphic profiles as potential early markers of schizophrenia in the Javanese ethnic population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 30 schizophrenia patients and 30 matched healthy controls. Craniofacial measurements (cephalic, facial, and nasal indices) were obtained, and fingerprint patterns were analyzed for dermatoglyphic traits. Statistical comparisons employed unpaired T-tests and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Significant differences were observed in facial index (P<0.01) and nasal index (P<0.05) between schizophrenia and control groups, with hyperleptoprosopic facial types dominating in schizophrenia patients (56.7%). Dermatoglyphic analysis showed no significant differences; however, a higher prevalence of loop patterns and reduced whorl patterns were noted in the schizophrenia group. Conclusion: Craniofacial anthropometry demonstrates promising potential as an adjunctive marker for early schizophrenia risk detection, particularly in resource-limited settings where advanced diagnostic tools are unavailable. Although dermatoglyphic patterns revealed limited statistical significance, observed trends highlight the need for further studies. These findings provide a basis for developing population-specific screening programs and contribute to the understanding of ethnic-specific neurodevelopmental markers.
EVALUATION OF BRAIN MICROGLIA PROLIFERATION AS A RESPONSE TO DBL2β-PFEMP1 RECOMBINANT PROTEIN IMMUNIZATION IN WISTAR RAT Dewi, Rosita; Kusuma, Irawan Fajar; Sulistyaningsih , Erma; Rachmania, Sheilla; Luthfiyyah, Nur Atikah
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.04

Abstract

Background: In the malaria vaccine study, Duffy binding-like 2β Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (DBL2β-PfEMP1) could induce the  IgG and CD4+production. Antibody to DBL2β-PfEMP1 reduces the risk of developing severe malaria through the blockade of cytoadherence and destruction of rosette formation. During the process of antibody formation after immunization, the released peripheral cytokines have the potential to cause blood-brain barrier disruption resulting in the activation and proliferation of brain microglia as primary innate immune cells leading to neuroinflammation. Objective: This study aims to evaluate brain microglia proliferation as a response to recombinant protein DBL2β-PfEMP1 immunization in Wistar rats. Methods: Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with recombinant protein DBL2β-PfEMP1 at doses of 100, 150, and 200 µg/kgBW on days 0, 21, and 42. Rats were euthanized on day 56. Brain histopathological slides were prepared and stained using hematoxylin-eosin. Histological examination was performed using a microscope at 400X magnification and documented using an AmScope microscope digital camera. Brain microglia were calculated using Fiji Image-J. The data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test.  Results: The average number of brain microglia in both the control and treatment groups was 82–88. There was no significant difference in brain microglia number between the control and treatment groups (p>0.05) after recombinant protein DBL2β-PfEMP1 immunization. Conclusion: Recombinant protein DBL2β-PfEMP1 immunization does not provoke the proliferation of brain microglia in Wistar rats. This suggests that the protein does not have the potential to cause neuroinflammation.
DEPRESSION AND INTERNET GAMING DISORDER AMONG MEDICAL STUDENT IN MALANG, INDONESIA Kurnianingsih, Nia; Cahayani, Wike Astrid; Yudhantara, Dearisa Surya; Ratnawati, Retty
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.08

Abstract

Background: Medical education is widely regarded as a highly demanding curriculum that causes significant stress among students. Chronis stress generates depression and increase of internet gaming activity. Previous research examined the relationship between the length of time spent for internet gaming activity as well as grade point average (GPA) towards internet gaming disorder (IGD) among medical student in Malang Indonesia. The limited data on the frequency of depression and the association between depression with IGD among medical students calls for more research. Objectives: This study was purposed to analyse the prevalence of depression as well as its association with IGD among medical students in Malang, Indonesia. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study involved 437 medical students who completed a set of self-report questionnaires. The questionnaires included sociodemographic data, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scale and Personal Internet Gaming Disorder-9 (PIE-). Descriptive and bivariate analyses were employed for statistical analysis. Results: Depression was identified among 37.99% students, with female being more likely to suffer from it. There were 59.64%, 34.94% and 5.42% correspondingly of students with mild, moderate, and severe depression. The rate of depression was highest among 1st year students. Poor GPA achievement was observed in 50.98% of students with depression. Students without internal motivation were more likely to have depression (57.14%). Surprisingly, depression was not linked associated with IGD (p=0.06). Conclusion: This study concluded a high prevalence of depression among medical students with various sociodemographic characteristics. Despite depression had no association with IGD, future research is necessary for evaluate the potential risk factor of depression among medical students.
EFFICACY OF REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION AS UPPER EXTREMITY MOTOR REHABILITATION THERAPY AFTER STROKE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Purwandhono, Azham; Adji, Novan Krisno; Abrori, Cholis; Fatmawati, Heni; Habibi, Ali
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.12

Abstract

Background: The most frequent impairment following a stroke is the hemiparesis of the opposite-side upper extremity. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is popular in research studies on upper extremity motor rehabilitation after stroke. Information regarding the onset of therapy, duration of therapy, and the type of rTMS in post-stroke upper extremity motor rehabilitation therapy is still spread in various journals, therefore researchers are interested in making this systematic review. Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of rTMS for upper extremity motor rehabilitation after stroke, and had specific aims to compare different treatment timings and durations, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of high-frequency versus low-frequency rTMS. Methods: Literature search was conducted with multiple electronic databases, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and LinkSpringer. The boolean operator method will be used for the keywords and the synonyms were searched using the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) database. Critical appraisal and Risk of biases were assessed for each study using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. Data analysis in this systematic review are using descriptive analysis. Results: The included studies consisted of two types of rTMS with varying onset and duration of the therapy. The duration of rTMS therapy consists of 5-18 sessions. In the Upper Extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment (UE-FMA) based study, High-Frequency (HF) rTMS had significant overall results when compared to sham, whereas Low-Frequency (LF) rTMS therapy still showed contradictory results. HF-rTMS therapy can be performed in acute, subacute, and chronic stroke phases. The duration of HF-rTMS therapy can be done with 5 or 10 sessions, but it still needs further research in order to determine the number of sessions that have the best efficacy. Conclusion: This study show HF-rTMS has better efficacy compared to LF-rTMS for upper extremity motor rehabilitation therapy after stroke.
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY BETWEEN EDARAVONE AND RILUZOLE COMBINATION THERAPY FOR PATIENT WITH AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS Budianto, Pepi; Mirawati, Diah Kurnia; B, Benedictus; Tan, Kenneth; Hafizhan, Muhammad; Putra, Stefanus Erdana
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.13

Abstract

Background: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neuromuscular disease with a survival period of less than 5 years. Although the past decade has shown a major growth of interest in Edaravone research due to its superior efficacy, a growing number of research done on Riluzole combinations for ALS therapy. Objective: A systematic review is needed to compare the patient outcomes as shown in the ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) of Edaravone and Riluzole combinations. Methods: This research is a systematic review from PubMed, ProQuest, and Science Direct. The studies included were randomized controlled trials (RCT) and post-hoc analysis of RCT published from 2012 to 2023. This research included 16 studies (11 RCT studies and 5 post-hoc studies of RCT). The studies discussed the patient population, side effects, and ALSFRS-R scores. Results: Edaravone showed better efficacy than Riluzole combination in maintaining ALSFRS-R score with mean difference between Edaravone (MD=2.19, 95% CI: 0.42-3.96, p=0.02) and Riluzole (MD=1.67, 95% CI: -0.19-3.52, p=0.08). The meta-analysis showed heterogeneity in both Edaravone (I2=90%, p<0.00001) and Riluzole (I2=77%, p=0.004) studies. Conclusion: The results conclusively showed that Edaravone was more efficacious than the explored Riluzole combinations so far. Nevertheless, Riluzole-Masitinib showed promising results to be further explored.
COMPARISON OF FLAIR AND DWI MRI IMAGES IN ACUTE CEREBRAL ISCHEMIC STROKES Atalu, Abolfazl; Abbasi, Vahid; Sadeghieh-Ahari, Saeed; Mohammadi, Farnaz
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.06

Abstract

Background: Given the significance of the topic in the early identification of stroke symptoms through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques. Objective: This study aimed to compare the result of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) MRI in the early detection of acute ischemic stroke in patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done n 100 patients with stroke who referred to Alavi hospital in Ardabil city during 2019. Demographic information including age, gender, place of residence, level of education was extracted from patient’s file. Finally, MRI of these patients who were imaged through DWI and FLAIR methods was included in the checklist and then analyzed by using independent t-test and chi-2 in SPSS version 21. Results: Among the patients studied, 70% were male, with an average age of 64.38 years. Additionally, 64% of the patients had a history of hypertension, while 39% were diagnosed with diabetes. The comparison of DWI and FLAIR results showed significant differences within the first 24 hours following the stroke event. Conclusion: The results showed that DWI method is better than FLAIR for early detection of stroke.
CLINICAL ASPECT OF NORMAL PRESSURE HYDROCEPHALUS: WHAT TO DO? A LITERATURE REVIEW Nazwar, Tommy; Bal’afif, Farhad; Wardhana, Donny; Riskiyana, Riskiyana; Agustina, Kartika; Panjaitan, Christin
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.14

Abstract

Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a medical condition characterized by the enlargement of brain ventricles and associated clinical manifestations, including gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, and urinary incontinence. In many cases, NPH is often misdiagnosed or diagnosed late due to its symptoms closely resembling those seen in other neurological conditions. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the clinical characteristics of NPH is crucial. This article aims to present an in-depth literature review on the clinical aspects of NPH and offer valuable insights to clinicians regarding the appropriate approach to diagnosing and managing patients with NPH. Gait apraxia is usually the first symptom, followed by incontinence and cognitive impairment, particularly in attention and memory. The diagnosis of NPH follows specific criteria, classifying patients as "possible" or "probable." Imaging examinations, such as computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are essential to assess ventricular size and identify radiological findings such as ventriculomegaly, disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus (DESH), callosal angle, temporal cornu enlargement, and white matter changes. NPH can be managed through conservative care, ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery, and, in select cases, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). VP shunt surgery is the main surgical option, offering different valve choices such as fixed-pressure, programmable-pressure, and overdrainage prevention mechanisms. VP shunts have been shown to effectively relieve NPH symptoms, with lumbo-peritoneal (LP) shunts considered less favorable due to higher complications. ETV is a possibility for specific patients.
THE ROLE OF ETHANOL CONSUMPTION IN ALTERING VISUAL OUTCOMES IN METHANOL-INDUCED TOXIC OPTIC NEUROPATHY: A CASE COMPARISON I Nyoman Surya Ari Wahyudi; Vierlia, Wino Vrieda; Prayitnaningsih, Seskoati
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.17

Abstract

Methanol toxicity can cause a rapid onset of severe bilateral vision loss with prominent optic nerve head edema. This case report provides clinical manifestation of two similar acute cases of methanol induced toxic optic neuropathy with different visual outcome. The patients admitted to emergency room with weakness, headache, nausea, abdominal pain and blurred vision. Both patients drank the same bootleg alcohol 3 days before admission. The first case present worse clinical condition than the second case. Further history taking revealed the patient in second case had ingested ethanol 3 hours prior to the bootleg alcohol. Both patients were treated with hemodialysis, high dose of intravenous steroid and folic acid along with supportive therapies. Funduscopy examination and optic nerve head Ocular Coherence Tomography revealed worse edema in the first patient. On the first month follow-up, the visual acuity (VA) of the first case showed no significant improvement, while the second case revealed normal VA on both eyes. The better visual outcome in second case may caused by history of ethanol consumption which prevented more severe methanol toxicity, but further investigation may still be needed.

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