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INDONESIA
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 20854773     EISSN : 23022906     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Indonesia Journal of Biomedical Science (IJBS), Print-ISSN 2085-4773; E-ISSN 2302-2906 is an international and peer-reviewed journal published twice per year in print and online by Indonesian of Biomedical Association in collaboration to Postgraduate School of Biomedicine Udayana University, Bali-Indonesia which was founded in 2007. The Journal aims to bridge and integrate the intellectual, methodological, and substantive diversity of biomedical scholarship, and to encourage a vigorous dialogue between biomedical scholars and researches. The Journal welcomes contributions which promote the exchange of ideas and rational discourse between practicing educators and biomedical researchers all over the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 87 Documents
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COMBINATION OF TEMPEH AND CARROT PREVENT ATHEROSCLEROSIS WISTAR RAT: Indicated by Increase of HDL and Total Antioxidant, Decrease LDL, F2-Isoprostan, and IL-6 Ari-Agung, I G. A.; Suryadhi, N. T.; Mantik, N. A.; Suter, I K.; Partama, and I. B. G.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol 7 No 1 (2013): IJBS Vol.7 No.1 January-June 2013
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death, either in developed and developing countries. The disease is stimulated by the present of atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate supplementation of combined tempeh M-2 and carrot to prevent atherosclerosis wistar rat by increases HDL and TAC, decreases LDL, F2-Isoprostan, and IL-6.  This was a true experimental study with the factorial completely randomized post-test only control group design.  variables such as KN (standard feeding / pellets (50 g / kg bw / day), KP: pig lubrication: pellets (1: 9) (50 g / kg bw / day), T : lubrication pig: pellets (1: 9) with tempeh M -2 (20 g / kg bw / day), W: pig lubrication: pellets (1: 9) with carrots (20 g / kg bw / day), and TW: pig lubrication: pellets (1: 9) with tempeh M-2 (20 g / kg bw / day), and carrots (20 g / kg bw / day).  Dependent variables in this study are serum HDL,serum TAC, LDL serum, urine F2-Isoprostan, and plasma IL-6 (with Elisa Method). Data were analyzed using the F test (two-way ANOVA), followed by LSD test. Descriptive research was also conducted in this study in order to find out the change of aortic histopathologic. The highest average levels of HDL, TAC contained on TW, which respectively amounted 68.640 ± 0.50 mg / dl, 1.454 ± 0.01 nM / mL. It showed highly significant differences (p<0.01) in the various treatments.  TW treatment showed highly significant interaction effect (p<0.01) were observed for all parameters except for HDL. Average levels of LDL, F2- Isoprostan, and IL-6  lowest in the treatment TW, which respectively amounted  20.718 ± 1.33 mg / dl, 0.720 ± 0.065 ng / dl, 35.328 ± 1.000 pg/dl, showed highly significant differences (p<0.01) in the various treatments. It can be concluded that supplementation with a combination of tempeh M-2 with carrots give the best effect, can increases HDL and TAC, and can decreases LDL, F2-Isoprostan, IL-6 significantly, and may change the hystopathology  structure of aorta from endotel dysfunction to become normal.
ERGONOMIC INTERVENTION IN ORGANIZATION AND WORK STATION INCREASES STUDENT’S WORK PERFORMANCE AND EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION Sudiajeng, Lilik; Adiputra, N.; Manuaba, A.; Sutjana, D.P.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 4, No. 2 Juli 2010
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Woodworking workshop could be hazardous to workers’ health, particularly when itis done improperly. Workers could be exposed to the following risks such as overexertion,repetitive motion, noise, dust, and chemicals that may threaten workers’ health; decreaseswork inefficiency and excessive strains due to inappropriate working condition or posture.This study was conducted to examine the effect of ergonomics intervention in the students’work performance and the efficiency of the electrical energy consumption at thewoodworking workshop of Bali State Polytechnic.This is an experimental study with pre and post test control group design. Subjectswere divided into 4 groups of students, each consisting of 10 students, all performing thesame task with different working condition: (1) the original working condition for controlgroup (CG); (2) a new organization for treatment group 1 (TG1); (3) a new work station fortreatment group 2 (TG2); and (4) both new organization and work station for treatmentgroup 3 (TG3). Normally distributed and equal data were analyzed by using the One WayAnova test and followed by the Post Hoc–LSD test, and the remaining data were analyzedby using the Kruskal Wallis test and followed by the Mann-Whitney test at the level ofsignificance ? = 0.05.Result showed that students’ work performance in TG1 increased in moderately,while those in TG2 and TG3 increased very considerably. Moreover, there was nosignificant increased of the efficiency of electrical energy consumption in TG1 (p > 0.05),but there were significant increased of electrical energy consumption of about 44.74% and107.89% respectively in TG2 and TG3 (p < 0.05). This gain were accompanied by savingcost of the electrical energy consumption of about 38.64% and 58.68% respectively. It alsoappeared that the increased students’ work performance and the efficiency of electricalenergy consumption were highest in TG3.In conclussion, it may be stated that comprehensive ergonomic intervention in boththe organization and work station in an effort to apply total ergonomic approach hasproduced the best effect in terms of increased students’ work performance and efficiency ofelectrical energy consumption at the woodworking workshop Bali State Polytechnic.
CULTURAL APPROACH TO REDUCED TRAFFIC ACCIDENT IN BALI Sutjana, I.D.P.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 2, No. 1 Maret 2008
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Safety on traveling is needed by all travelers. Safety on traveling is determined bymany factors such as the drivers, vehicles, road, environment and it relation each other.Balinese culture which influence by Hinduism, believe that traffics accidents occurred asa result of not harmonize the relation between human as a driver to vehicle or car, humanto the god and human to the environment. So in Balinese daily of life there is an effort toharmonize the relation of all components using cultural approach. In doing that manyactivities such as doing an offering to the new or after reparation of car, to offer sajen inthe car everyday during traveler, every 210 days during “ tumpek landep day” aftercleaning the car offer sajen, ring the bell or offer sajen during passing the sacral place ortemple, offer sajen and look after during night where the accident were happen, offersajen (mlaspas) the new road, forbidden to travel during wedding ceremony or get familydied. These activities mean to making the tools more humane so that the tools harmonizeto the user, forgive to the magic spirit around the road. By practicing the culturalapproach the traffic accident at many places can be reduced. One taxi company shownthat annually maintenance cost lower compared than the same company in Java.
SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS-B VIRUS IN MID AND FAR WESTERN REGION IN NEPAL S, Khan; P, Singh; A. H., Siddiqui; M, Ansari
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol 6 No 2 (2012): Indonesian Journal of Biomedical Sciences
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Hepatitis B is significant health problems that might involve the late sequel of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The present study aimed to know the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in mid and far western region in Nepal with various clinical conditions.This was a retrospective study conducted in mid and far western region in Nepal, which was performed in the Central Laboratory of Microbiology at Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Banke, Nepal during the period of September 2010 to April 2012. The serum samples were tested for Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) by Sandwich immunoassay. Total 7010 patients including 43.72% male and 56.28% female were tested for HBsAg. Of them, 135 were positive and 6875 were negative.In 135 positive cases 84 (62.22%) were male and 51 (37.77% )were female. In 6875 negative cases 2981 were male and 3894 were female. The seroprevalence rate of HBV was 1.93% in mid and far western region in Nepal. Seroprevalence of HBV seems to be higher in male then the female; it was 2.75% in male and 1.29% in female.The study revealed that the seroprevalence of HBV was alarmingly higher in such a population, which probably reflects a high background prevalence of HBV infections should be taken into consideration and Implementation of community-based preventive measures and improved strategies for safe blood supply might prove useful to decrease the seroprevalence.
INTERVAL RUNNING EXERCISE REDUCES RUNNING TIME OF 800 METERS DASH WITHOUT CAUSING INCREASED LEVEL OF SGOT – SGPT IN MALE STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF SPORTS SCIENCES, MANADO STATE UNIVERSITY Galatang, Alprodit; Alex Pangkahila, Jahja; Ngurah Nala, I Gusti; Tirtayasa, Ketut
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 3, No. 2 Juli 2009
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

The effort to gain best achievement in sports by means of exercise has twodilemmatic sides, both for the coaches and sport promoters. On one side, exercise shouldbe done intensely and maximally, but on the other side, it is a known fact that excessiveand maximal exercises can damage the body organs. The purposes of this study were toobserve the side effects of interval running exercise of 800 meters, to find out level offatigue by examining lactate acid produced by each model, and to assess the negativeeffects on organs as indicated by the level of SGOT-SGPT. The exercise model appliedin the study comprised interval running of 2 x 800 meters, 4 x 400 meters, 8 x 200meters, 16 x 100 meters and one standard of comparison exercise, which was runningexercise of 2 x 800 meters with passive rest. This study was true experimental usingrandomized pre-test-post-test control group design. Samples of this study were 27 malestudents of the Faculty of Sports Sciences, Manado State University, who were dividedinto five groups. Group 1 was with interval running exercise of 2 x 800 meters. Group 2was assigned to interval running exercise of 4 x 400 meters. Group 3 was with intervalrunning exercise of 8 x 200 meters. Group 4 was with interval running exercise of 16 x100 meters. Group 5 as comparison standard was with running exercise of 2 x 800 meterspassive rest. All the exercise models were carried out for six weeks, each with afrequency of three times a week. Results of the study showed that the five groupsdemonstrated reduction of running time of 800 meters dash (p<0.05), lactate acidproduction differed in some of the groups (p>0.05), levels of SGOT and SGPT of allgroups did not show significant increase (p>0.05). From the above findings, it can beconcluded that all exercise models of interval running 2 x 800 meters, 4 x 400 meters, 8 x200 meters, 16 x 100 meters and 2 x 800 meters with passive rest lowered the runningtime of 800 meters dash and did not increase level of SGOT-SGPT.
PENGARUH PENYIANGAN DAN SUHU PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP MUTU KIMIAWI, MIKROBIOLOGIS DAN ORGANOLEPTIK IKAN TONGKOL (Auxis tharzard, Lac) Suranaya Pandit, I G.; Suryadhi, N. T.; Arka, I. B.; Adiputra, N.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 1, No. 3 Desember 2007
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Ikan tongkol merupakan salah satu bahan pangan yang dikonsumsi masyarakat dan jika dibiarkanpada suhu kamar, maka terjadi proses penurunan mutu menjadi busuk. Ikan yang sudah mengalami prosespembusukan, bila dikonsumsi dapat menimbulkan keracunan (Histamine fish poisoning). Keracunan inidisebabkan oleh kontaminasi bakteri pathogen dengan dekarboksilasi asam amino histidin oleh enzimhistidin dekarboksilase menghasilkan histamin. Bakteri ini banyak terdapat pada anggota tubuh manusiayang tidak higienis, kotoran/tinja, isi perut ikan, insang serta peralatan yang tidak bersih.Penelitian eksperimental dengan pola faktorial, yaitu faktor P adalah faktor penyiangan dengan 2 taraf,tanpa penyiangan dan penyiangan, sedangkan faktor T adalah suhu penyimpanan dengan 3 taraf yaitu suhupenyimpanan 30oC, 15oC dan 0oC.Analisis statistik terhadap mutu kimiawi seperti kadar histamin, kadar total volatil bases (TVB) dantrimetilamin (TMA) menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) pada pengaruh penyiangan dan suhupenyimpanan. Terjadi peningkatan kadar histamin, kadar TVB dan TMA selama penelitian. Selamapenelitian terjadi peningkatan jumlah koloni bakteri, jumlah Coliform, kecuali bakteri Vibrioparahaemolyticus negatif. Perlakuan penyiangan dan suhu penyimpanan 0oC memiliki mutu kimiawi,mikrobiologis terbaik sampai hari ke 10 serta masih diterima panelis.Hubungan antara kadar histamin dengan jumlah bakteri mempunyai hubungan sangat kuat, ditunjukkandengan nilai r ? 0,7 kecuali kadar histamin dengan waktu memiliki hubungan agak lemah r ? 0,5.Keamanan ikan tongkol dengan penerapan teknologi tepat guna berupa tanpa penyiangan danpenyiangan pada suhu 30oC hanya aman untuk dikonsumsi sampai hari ke 0. Perlakuan tanpa penyiangandan suhu penyimpanan 15oC aman sampai hari ke 4, sedangkan dengan penyiangan aman sampai hari ke 6.Untuk perlakuan tanpa penyiangan dan penyiangan dengan suhu penyimpanan 0oC aman sampai hari ke 10.
MODEL AKTIVITAS PRAKTIKUM LAPANGAN BERBASIS ERGONOMI (APeLErg) MEMPERBAIKI RESPON FISIOLOGIS TUBUH, MENURUNKAN KELELAHAN, DAN MENINGKATKAN KINERJA, DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN MODEL LAMA (APeL), PADA MAHASISWA FMIPA UNIMA Palilingan, Rolles; Manuaba, Adnyana; Adiputra, Nyoman; Pangkahila, Alex
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 3, No. 1 Januari 2009
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Aktivitas praktikum lapangan merupakan kegiatan yang dilakukan sebagaiimplementasi kurikulum akademik di Jurusan Fisika FMIPA UNIMA. Sebagaiimplementasi kurikulum tersebut telah dibuat model aktivitas praktikum lapangan (modelAPeL) dan telah digunakan sejak tahun 2001. Namun model APeL ternyata menimbulkanrisiko yang merugikan bagi mahasiswa dilihat dari respon fisiologis dan kelelahansehingga mahasiswa belum dapat mencapai kinerja yang diharapkan. Untuk itu telahdiupayakan dengan penerapan pendekatan ergonomi total (PET) suatu model baru yaitumodel APeLErg. Untuk menguji keandalan model APeLErg dibandingkan dengan modelAPeL, telah dilakukan penelitian dengan hipotesis: model APeLErg, dibandingkan denganmodel APeL; memperbaiki respon fisiologis tubuh; menurunkan kelelahan; danmeningkatkan kinerja mahasiswa di daerah dataran rendah/panas dan di daerah datarantinggi/dingin. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap dengan menggunakan rancangansama subjek. Penelitian pada tahap pertama dilakukan di daerah panas denganmenggunakan 15 orang subjek sedangkan penelitian tahap kedua di daerah dinginmenggunakan 18 orang subjek. Hasil penelitian tahap I dan tahap II menunjukkan bahwaaktivitas dengan model APeLErg dapat: memperbaiki respon fisiologis mahasiswa secarasignifikan (p<0,05); menurunkan rata-rata skor kelelahan umum secara signifikan(p<0,05); meningkatkan kecepatan, kekonstanan dan ketelitian mahasiswa secarasignifikan (p<0,05); dan meningkatkan kinerja mahasiswa secara signifikan (p<0,05). Darihasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa model APeLErg dapat: memperbaiki responfisiologis mahasiswa; menurunkan tingkat kelelahan mahasiswa; dan meningkatkankinerja mahasiswa dalam melakukan aktivitas praktikum lapangan.
ANTI-HIPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA OF ANREDERA CORDIFOLIA IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA RAT WISTAR THROUGH DECREASE OF MALONDIALDEHYDE AND 8-HYDROXY-DIGUANOSINE Wahjuni, S.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol 8 No 1 (2014): IJBS Vol8 No1
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

High cholesterol diet leads to increase of plasma cholesterol and subsequently will end up with hypercholesterolemia. Ignorance of healthy food and lacks of activity are the trend of modern life style. These conditions exacerbated the incidence of hypercholesterolemia in either developed or developing countries. This research aims to determine potential of anredera cordifolia leafs extracts as an anti-hypercholesterolemia by lowering of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-diguanosine (8-OHdG) blood levels in hypercholesterolemia Wistar Rat. This is an experimental study applied post only control group design. A number of 15 male wistar rats were used in this study. Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, i.e. negative control group (C1), positive control group (C2) and anredera cordifolia leaf extract at dose of 100 mg/kg BW group (T). MDA was determined based on malondialdehyde assay (NWLSSTM).  8-OHdG was determined based on oxidative DNA Damage (Cell Biolabs, Inc). The mean difference between control and treatment was assessed by applying ANOVA and consider significant at p < 0.05. In this study, we observed that there were a significant of MDA and 8-OHdG levels between group C1 and T; C2 and T within p < 0.05. This result indicates anredera cordifolia leafs extract has an ability to inhibit hypercholesterolemia in wistar rat fed with high cholesterol diet.
TOPICAL APPLICATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF STARFRUIT LEAVES (AVERRHOA BILIMBI LINN) INCREASES FIBROBLASTS IN GINGIVAL WOUNDS HEALING OF WHITE MALE RATS Hartini, IGAA
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 6, No. 1 Januari 2012
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Injuries to the gingiva are often encountered because of abnormalities in the oral cavity. Gingival wound healing is more complex because it lies in an open area, often contaminated and exposed to various types of bacteria in the oral cavity. Gingiva wound healing is determined by increase of fibroblasts. Plants widely used by humans as medicine is star fruit (Averrhoa Bilimbi Linn). This study aims to determine an increase of gingival fibroblasts on wound healing of male white rats given various concentrations of starfruit leaves extract topically. The study was conducted with a pretest-posttest control group design, consisted of four groups: the control group with distilled water and the groups treated with ethanol extract of starfruit leaves with a concentration of 10%, 20% and 40%. The result based on comparison test between the groups with One Way Anova, showed that the average amount of fibroblast in four groups after receiving the treatment was significantly different (p<0.01). The result of the test showed an increase in the number of fibroblasts in groups concentration of 10% and 20%, there was a decline observed in group concentration of 40%. It was concluded that application of ethanol extract of starfruit leaves with concentration of 10% increase the highest number of fibroblasts in the rat gingival wound healing process.
CENTELLA ASIATICA EXTRACT INCREASED ON THE LEVEL OF INTERLEUKIN 6 (IL-6) IN MICE Kerta Besung, I Nengah; Mantik Astawa, Nyoman; Suatha, I Ketut; -, Hartaningsih
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Salmonellosis is still problem in many developing countries including Indonesia. Themain problem in controlling and handling the disease is that only few antibiotics are availableto cure the disease. In addition, the prolonged use of such antibiotics often lead to bacterialresistant against the antibiotics. A herbal drugs such as Centella asiatica (in Indonesia isknown as pegagan) contains triterphenoid saphonins which acts as immunostimulant capableof enhancing the phagocytic activity of macrophages. However, no study has been conductedto investigate the use pegagan in activating macrophage of mice infected with Salmonellatyphi. A study was therefore conducted to find out the ability of Cantella asiatica inenhancing on the level interluekine (IL)-6 following challenge with Salmonella typhi. It istherefore expected that herbal drug such as Cantella asiatica can be used as an alternativemedicine to prevent and cure salmonellosis in both animals and human.Experimental laboratory studies were conducted using Completely FactorialRandomized Design. Mice were divided into 4 groups and they were treated respectively withdestilated water (negative control), 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg bw of Centella asiatica extract.The treatment was conducted daily for 2 weeks and the mice were then inoculated with 105cells of S. typhi. The level of IL-6 response were examined 24 hours, 2 weeks, and 4 weeksafter inoculation with S. typhi.The result showed that treatment of mice with Centella asiatica extract significantly(p<0,05) enhaced IL-6 level of Balb/c mice following inoculation with S. typhi. The highestIL-6 level were observed in mice treated Centella asiatica extract at the dose of 500 mg/kgBW (385,9257±125,4314 pg/ml serum). And the highest IL-6 level were observed at 2 weeksfollowing inoculation with S. typhi (533.4262 ± 81.7184 pg / ml).A further study is recomended to examine the celluler immune response and moredetailed study on the humoral immune response of animals or human before this herbal isused as alternatif medicine to prevent and cure typhoid fever. It is also important to study thebest preparation, the half life, and the side effect of Centella asiatica in human and animals.

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