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Jurnal Biologi Udayana
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 14105292     EISSN : 25992856     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/jbiounud
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Biologi Udayana (p-ISSN 1410-5292 | e-ISSN 2599-2856 | DOI 10.24843/jbiounud) managed by the Department of Biology, Udayana University, published in two formats namely print and online regularly twice a year (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 262 Documents
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KEANEKARAGAMAN KARAKTER TANAMAN KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L. ) YANG DIGUNAKAN SEBAGAI BAHAN UPACARA PADUDUSAN AGUNG Eniek Kriswiyanti
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 17 No 1 (2013): Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

The study was aimed to identify the characteristic variations of the coconuts (Cocos nucifera L.) trees that are used as materials for the Padudusan Agung ceremony in Bali. Exploration, interview, and observation of character variations of coconuts have been conducted from coconut plantation area from each regency in Bali. The characteritations was identified based on measurements and observations of parts of plant according to “Discriptors for Coconuts”. The result shows that there was a narrow variation on the stem and leaf characters (2.81-11.83%), while high variations found on the fruit numbers in a bunche for the generative characters (42.8%). Padudusan Agung ceremony uses eleven types (cultivars) of coconuts. Those are: gadang, gading, bulan, and surya with green, yellow, white, red epicarpium colours respectively. Young fruit of Udang coconuts have red mesocarpium, sudamala has double spathas, bingin has root grown on stem, be julit has plicated primordium leaves, bojog has hush likes the color of monkey hairs, ancak has branched stem, and rangda has petiole twisted on the top of the stem.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS KATAK DAN KODOK (ORDO ANURA) DI SEPANJANG SUNGAI OPAK PROPINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA Donan Satria Yudha; Rury Erilurahman; Trijoko Trijoko; Muhammad Faisal Alawi; Asmaa’Anugerah Tarekat
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 18 No 2 (2014): JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Anura sering disebut sebagai katak dan kodok (Iskandar, 1998). Penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman anggota Anura di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) telah banyak dilakukan. Penelitian tersebut sebagian besar difokuskan di lereng selatan Gunung Merapi, tetapi beberapa penelitian juga telah dilakukan di sekitar kampus UGM dan di Sungai Code (Eprilurahman, 2007; Eprilurahman & Kusuma, 2011; Yudha, dkk, 2013). Wilayah DIY dialiri oleh banyak sungai, beberapa diantaranya yang banyak dikenal, diurutkan dari barat ke timur adalah Sungai Progo,Sungai Winongo, Sungai Code, Sungai Gajah Wong dan Sungai Opak (Anonim, 2010; Brontowiyono, 2010; Siradz et al., 2008). Sungai Opak merupakan salah satu sungai besar di DIY yang berhulu di Gunung Merapi. Jalur utama Sungai Opak menjadi pertemuan beberapa sungai, hal tersebut dapat diasumsikan bahwa pada beberapa titik pertemuan merupakan area yang subur dan rimbun. Daerah yang rimbun tersebut merupakan habitat yang baik bagi herpetofauna, terutama anggota Anura. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman spesiesAnura. Pengambilan sampel disepanjang Sungai Opak dari hulu hingga hilir menggunakan gabungan beberapa metode, yaitu VES (Visual Encounter Survey), River bank cruising dantransek. Sampling secara umum dibagi tiga bagian, bagian hulu, tengah dan hilir. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah 9 spesies anggota Ordo Anura dengan 2 spesies Anura arboreal, 3 spesies Anura terrestrial dan 4 spesies Anura akuatik dan semi-akuatik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa Sungai Opak merupakan habitat bagi banyak spesies Anura.
DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK KULIT DAUN LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe barbadensis Miller) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923DAN Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 Ariyanti Ni Kadek; Darmayasa Ida Bagus Gede; Sudirga Sang Ketut
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 16 No 1 (2012): Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

This research aimed to determine the inhibited effect of Aloe (Aloe barbadensis Miller) rind extract to the growthof bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the most effective concentration for the resistanceagainst both of bacteria tested. The results showed that the extracts of Aloe rind inhibited the growth of bacteriaStaphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. It was indicated by the formation ofinhibition zones with the largest diameter average occurred concentrations of 100% with the size 11,58 mm forthe Staphylococcus aureus and 6,81 mm in Escherichia coli. The highest concentration inhibited the growth ofStaphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 was 100% and 75% for the Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.
AKTIVITAS HATI TIKUS (RATTUS SP) YANG DIBERI RANSUM MENGANDUNG TEPUNG DAUN KALIANDRA (Calliandra calothyrsus) DAN KULIT NANAS (Ananas comosus) SELAMA MASA PERTUMBUHAN IRIANI SETYAWATI; I GUSTI NGURAH AGUNG DEWANTARA PUTRA; NI GUSTI KETUT RONI
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 21 No 1 (2017): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (313.7 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2017.vol21.i01.p07

Abstract

Calliandra calothyrsus leaves contain 17-28% protein thus potential as a protein source in animal diet. However, it also contain a high antinutrition of condensed tannins (>10%). The addition of protease enzymes (bromelain) in the diet containing tannins is expected to overcome the negative effects of tannins. Bromelain can be obtained from the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus) including the peel. This study was a feeding experiment on weaned male and female rats during the growth period. This study used a completely randomized design of 4x4 factorial design. The main factor was Calliandra leaf meal substitution levels of 0; 10; 17.5 and 25% in the diet. The sub factor was pineapple peel additive levels of 0; 4.35; 8.70 and 13.05 g/rat/day. Weaned rats were divided into 16 groups and they were fed for two months during growth period. The study showed that there was no interaction between calliandra leaves and pineapple peels on the rat liver activity including the blood levels of SGOT and SGPT levels. SGPT and SGOT levels were not affected by all levels of pineapple peels in the diets. All calliandra levels did not affect the level of SGOT, but 17.5 and 25% calliandra in the diets increased SGPT level.
OPTIMALISASI EKSTRAKSI DNA DAN PCR-RAPD PADA GREVILLEA SPP. (PROTEACEAE) MADE PHARMAWATI
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 13 No 1 (2009): JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Molecular genetic analysis of plants relies on high yield and high purity of DNA as well as optimized condition of molecular reactions. Appropriate methods for DNA extraction and molecular reactions such as PCR are therefore needed. This study aimed to develop protocol for extraction of high molecular weight DNA from Grevillea leaf and to optimize condition of PCR-RAPD. Standard plant DNA extraction of Doyle and Doyle was modified by increasing EDTA concentration to 50 mM and addition of 2% (v/v) 2-mercaptoethanol. Moreover, incubation time was prolonged to 14-16 h at 55oC. This method yielded good quality of DNA and consistent results. Amplification of DNA using PCR-RAPD will become efficient and consistent if the amplification reactions are in ideal condition. In Grevillea, clear, reproducible and scorable PCR-RAPD patterns were obtained using 10ng DNA template, 5 pmol primer, 2.5 mM MgCl2 and the number of thermal cycle was 40 x.
DIVERSITAS SERANGGA PERMUKAAN TANAH PADA PERTANIAN HORTIKULTURA ORGANIK DI BANJAR TITIGALAR, DESA BANGLI, KECAMATAN BATURITI, KABUPATEN TABANAN-BALI Samsul Ma'arif; Ni Made Suartini; I Ketut Ginantra
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 18 No 1 (2014): Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui diversitas serangga permukaan tanah pada pertanian hortikultura organik di Banjar Titigalar, Desa Bangli, Kecamatan Baturiti, Kabupaten Tabanan-Bali. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Oktober-Desember 2013. Sampel diambil menggunakan Pitfall Trap. Analisa data dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif yaitu dengan mendeskripsikan serangga yang ditemukan dan kemudian diidentifikasi sampai ke tingkat Genus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, terdapat 3.066 individu serangga yang termasuk ke dalam 20 genus, 17 famili dan 7 ordo.  Keseluruhan Ordo serangga yang ditemukan adalah Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Collembola, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, dan Diptera. Diversitas serangga tertinggi ditemukan pada bulan Oktober dengan nilai Indeks Diversitas (H’)=1,5821 pada malam hari, dan H’=1,3978 pada siang hari, dibandingkan yang paling rendah terjadi pada bulan Desember dengan indseks diversitas H’= 0,5829 pada malam hari dan H’= 0,9223 pada siang hari.
Number of spermatogenic cells and testes histology of mice (Mus musculus L.) after treated with different times and intervals of red calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn.) leaf extract Ni Made Estriana Pranadya; Iriani Setyawati; Dwi Ariani Yulihastuti
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 23 No 1 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (670.422 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2019.v23.i01.p05

Abstract

Tannin compounds in the form of tanic acid are known to inhibit the acrosine activity of spermatozoa and plasminogen activator, which is an antifertility mechanism. Red Calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn.) leaves have the potential to be developed as herbal medicines, but these leaves contain high condensed tannins, so research needs to be done to determine the effect of red kaliandra leaf extract on the reproduction of male mice.This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) in a factorial patern with four doses and three replications, i.e. control (NaCl 0,9%), doses of red caliandra leaf extract of 2, 4 and 6 mg/kg body weight and time interval of 7, 14 and 21 days. The testes organ were taken and processed histologically by Paraffin Methods and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Parameters observed were the amount of spermatogonia, spermatocyte and spermatid cells of male mice. A directly calculation method was done by observed the cells of tubulus seminiferous histology for each treatment used a microscope camera and Image Raster software (Optilab). The data were analyzed with One Way Anova and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Calliandra calothyrsus leaf extract with different doses and time intervals decreased the amount of spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids cells in the testes tubulus seminiferous of male mice, the arrangement of spermatogenic cells are increasingly irregular and the lumen were not full filled with spermatozoa cells.
PEMBERIAN KOLKHISIN DENGAN LAMA PERENDAMAN BERBEDA PADA INDUKSI POLIPLOIDI TANAMAN PACAR AIR (IMPATIENS BALSAMINA L.) Ni Made Sastriyani Wiendra; Made Pharmawati; Ni Putu Adriani Astiti
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 15 No 1 (2011): Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

The purpose of this research was to induce polyploidy on Impatiens balsamina L. Seedlings of I. balsamina was immersed in 0,01% colchicines solution for 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours. Chromosome of I. balsamina was visualized using squash method stained with aceto-orcein. Morphological observations were conducted on plant height, stem circumference, leaf length and width, number of branches flowering time and size of flower. The result revealed that 0,01% solution of colchicine was able to induce polyploidy on I. balsamina. Obsevation on morphological characteristic showed that colchicine treatment increased plant height, stem circumference, leaf length and number of branches. Colchicine treatment induced earlier flowering time, but flower size was unaffected. Twelve chromosomes (2n = 2x = 12) were observed in the diploid seedlings while 25 chromosomes were observed in the tetraploid (2n = 4x = 24 seedlings.
MORPHOLOGY AND SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT OF RAT (Rattus norvegicus) FETUS AFTER FED DIETS CONTAINING Calliandra calothyrsus LEAF DURING GESTATION PERIOD Ruth Ellisa Christiani; Iriani Setyawati; Dwi Ariani Yulihastuti
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 20 No 2 (2016): Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

This study aims to determine fetus morphology and skeleton development of rats after feddiet containingCalliandra leaf flour. This study used a completely randomized design with 16 pregnant rats that were dividedinto four treatment groups i.e. 0, 10, 17.5 and 25% of Calliandra leaf flour. The diets were given 20 g/rat/dayeach, twice a day, for 30 days (7 days of diet adaptation, 21 days of gestation period, and one day after birth).One day after the birth, all fetuses were separated from their mother for further preparation and analysis. Thedata were analyzed statistically by using SPSS 22 version. If they were distributed normally, the data would beanalyzed usingOneway ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to see the difference among the groups.Diets containing Calliandra leaf flour fed on pregnant rats decreased weight and length of fetuses and increasedfetus hemorrhage. However, it did not cause dead fetus or decreased the number of life fetuses. Diets containingCalliandra leaf flourfed to pregnant rats did not affect the ossification of vertebrae, costae and sternebrae. However,it inhibited ossification of metacarpus, metatarsus and vertebrae caudalis.
KAJIAN EKSPRESI PROTEIN BAX PADA GANGGUAN SPERMATOGENESIS PASCA PEMAPARAN 2,5-HEXANADIONE, PADA TIKUS PUTIH (RATTUS NORVEGICUS L) MAHRIANI -
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 12 No 1 (2008): JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

The disturbance of spermatogenesis after exposure with 2,5-HD (2,5-Hexanedione) can be observed through the increasing of death cell in apoptosis mechanism, that can be observed through the expression of Bax protein. Therefore, it had been conducted a research to study the expression of Bax protein against white mouse of Wistar strain exposured with 2,5-HD. A number of 56 white mouse were divided randomly into 8 groups, each group consists of 7 white mouse, two groups were used as pretest, three groups used as control treatment, and three groups used as treatment were exposured with 2,5-HD of 0,06 mg/WW during 2, 4, 6 week. The changes in the Bax protein expression observed in the slices of cross section of testis using imunohistochemical method. The research result shows that the longer duration of 2,5-HD exposure causes the more increase the expression of Bax protein at the sertoli cell and the germinal. The expression of Bax protein compared to the control groups increases into 132%, 112%, 108% and 123% respectively for the sertoli, spermatogonial, spermatocyt, and spermatid cells in the treatment were exposured with 2,5-HD during 6 weeks. It is needed a further research to complete information of apoptosis mechanism as the result of 2,5-HD exposure, by study the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax expression as the antiapoptosis and proapoptosis proteins.

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