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INDONESIA
Science and Technology Indonesia
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 25804405     EISSN : 25804391     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
An international Peer-review journal in the field of science and technology published by The Indonesian Science and Technology Society. Science and Technology Indonesia is a member of Crossref with DOI prefix number: 10.26554/sti. Science and Technology Indonesia publishes quarterly (January, April, July, October). Science and Technology Indonesia is an international scholarly journal on the field of science and technology aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that covers a typical subject of natural science and technology such as: > Chemistry > Biology > Physics > Marine Science > Pharmacy > Chemical Engineering > Environmental Science and Engineering > Computational Engineering > Biotechnology Journal Commencement: October 2016
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 551 Documents
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Biodiversity and Analysis of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi Extracts Isolated from Mangrove Avicennia marina Noviyanto; Widjajanti, Hary; Elfita
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.139-151

Abstract

Avicennia marina, a mangrove species commonly found along coastal areas, plays both ecological and pharmacological roles, with its plant parts exhibiting antioxidant and antibacterial activities. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of endophytic fungi from various organs of A. marina collected from mangrove ecosystems and to explore and analyze their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots, stems, and fruits of A. marina using PDA medium and were morphologically identified. Each fungal isolate was cultivated in PDB medium for 4 weeks under static conditions, followed by extraction to obtain concentrated extracts. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities were assessed using the DPPH method and disk diffusion assay. A total of 23 fungal isolates were obtained from the roots, stems, and fruits of A. marina. The identification results showed that the root isolates had the highest genus diversity, followed by the stem and fruit isolates. The highest distribution of antioxidant and antibacterial activities was observed in the endophytic fungal extracts from fruits, followed by those from roots and stems. Notably, the majority of the 23 endophytic fungal extracts exhibited strong antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Isolates AMF3 and AMF6showed the most potent antioxidant activity, classified as very strong, with IC50 values below 20 ug/mL. Morphological identification revealed AMF3 as Neopestalotiopsis sp. and AMF6 as Aspergillus niger. This study highlights the potential of Neopestalotiopsis sp. and Aspergillus niger endophytic fungi from A. marina fruits as sources of natural antioxidant and antibacterial compounds, offering valuable insights for biotechnological applications of mangrove-associated endophytes.
Synthesis of Au-Pd-NPs Materials and Application as Electrochemical Sensor of Hydroquinone in Cosmetics Riyanto; Mardliyaliari, Safira; Sabrina, Alya; Ridho, Muhammad
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.294-302

Abstract

Hydroquinone is a hazardous and toxic chemical often added to cosmetics due to bleaching properties. It is commonly analyzed in cosmetics using expensive and time-consuming instruments, showing the need for a cheap, fast, and sensitive hydroquinone electrochemical sensor. The performance of electrochemical sensor to detect hydroquinone is determined by the working electrode. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the synthesis of Au-Pd-NPs working electrode and application as electrochemical sensor of hydroquinone in cosmetics. Synthesis process was carried out by preparing Au-NPs using banana peel extract (Musa acuminata Colla) as a bioreductor, followed by adding H2PdCl4 solution. Au-NPs nanoparticle was confirmed using Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometer, which showed maximum wavelength of 550 nm. The indication of Au-Pd-NPs was shown by the peak at the same wavelength. The FTIR spectrum showed pectin which acted as a bioreductant agent in synthesis of nanoparticles. The results of the TEM image showed that Au-NPs had a spherical shape in the dark field with a diameter of 38.5 ± 3.3 nm and a Pd shell layer around the Au core in the bright field with a diameter of 12.4 ± 2.6 nm. The solid Au-Pd-NPs materials were made into a composite electrode by adding PVC and tetrahydrofuran as solvents. Electrochemical response of Au-Pd-NPs electrode was tested by cyclic voltammetry in ferricyanide and PBS solutions at pH 7.0. Based on CV in the ferricyanide system, it shows that Au-Pd-NPs electrode produces peak oxidation and reduction currents ten times higher than Au-NPs. These data indicate that Au-Pd-NPs are more reactive and sensitive than Au-NPs electrodes. The Au-Pd-NPs electrode was used to analysis the concentration of hydroquinone in cosmetics samples. Electrochemical response showed a linearity (R2) of 0.9935 in concentration range of 0-60 mM, containing 1.12% hydroquinone.
On the Characteristic Function of the Four-Parameter Generalized Beta of the Second Kind (GB2) Distribution and Its Approximation to the Singh-Maddala, Dagum, and Fisk Distributions Warsono; Kurniasari, Dian
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.201-211

Abstract

Researchers have thoroughly investigated generalized distributions due to their inherent flexibility, which allows them to include several well-known distributions as special cases. Among these, the four parameter Generalized Beta of the Second Kind (GB2) distribution stands out as one of the most versatile frameworks in probability theory. Despite its broad applications, the GB2 distribution’s characteristic function, a critical tool in probability and statistical analysis, lacks a closed-form solution in the existing literature. This study pursues two primary objectives: first, to derive the characteristic function and the kth moment of the GB2 distribution, and second, to demonstrate how the GB2 distribution can serve as a close approximation to the Singh-Maddala, Dagum, and Fisk distributions using its characteristic function and kth moment. These derivations and approximations rely on gamma and beta functions, supplemented by the Maclaurin series expansion.
Ion Chromatographic Analysis of Major Electrolyte Cations in Sappan Wood Extract (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Amin, Muhammad; Sedyohutomo, Anang; Amin, Nahdiah; Ibrahim, Abu Rahmat; Mauraji, Ilham
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.212-220

Abstract

Using ion chromatography, a convenient method for analyzing major electrolyte cations (lithium, sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium) was presented and applied to Sappan wood samples. The analysis used a Metrohm C4-150/4.0 column with nitric acid (HNO3) as the eluent. Optimal separation was achieved with an eluent flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, resulting in excellent peak resolution and complete separation within 20 min. Calibration curves for all targeted cations were established within the 0.5 to 20.0 mg/L concentration range, demonstrating strong linearity with correlation coefficients (R2) greater than 0.999, ensuring accurate and reliable analysis. The Sappan wood samples were obtained from Ternate City, North Maluku, where cation concentrations were varied based on the extraction method. Boiling the sappan wood samples, as compared to soaking in hot purified water, significantly increased the release of electrolyte cations, resulting in higher concentrations and a greater variety of cations. Calcium was the most abundant cations in each extraction method, with a concentration of 37.80 mg/kg (5 min soaking), 43.92 mg/kg (10 min soaking), and 83.73 mg/kg (10 min boiling). In contrast, the concentration of three electrolyte cations: lithium, strontium, and barium, was below the instrument’s detection limit in all the samples.
Enhancing Iota Carrageenan Soft Capsules with Modified Starch Perwatasari, Dayu Dian; Putri, Renny Primasari Gustia; Puspantari, Widya; Royanti, Ida; Wibowo, Des Saputro; Hidayat, Taufik; Wahyuni, Tuti; Purwoto, Heri; Manalu, Lamhot Parulian; Laksono, Hendrawan
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.183-190

Abstract

Due to the increasing demand for gelatin alternatives, iota carrageenan, a polymer derived from seaweed, is being explored as a potential base material for soft capsule production. However, the rheological properties of iota carrageenan alone are insufficient for commercial manufacturing, necessitating the addition of fillers such as modified starches. This study evaluates the performance of iota carrageenan-based soft capsule shells using modified cassava, potato, and sago starches as fillers. Various mechanical and rheological properties were assessed, including elongation, stickiness, tensile strength, and viscosity. The results demonstrated that modified cassava starch provided the best overall balance of mechanical properties, exhibiting superior moldability (47.56 mm elongation), flexibility, and moderate stickiness (567.45 gf). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that cassava starch capsules had a more uniform outer surface with smoother internal morphology than other starches. These findings suggest that modified cassava starch is a promising candidate for large-scale production of high-quality soft capsules.
Electrospun Rare-Earth Metal Oxide (CeO2 ) Nanofiber for the Degradation of Congo Red Aqueous Dyes Rianjanu, Aditya; Haloho, Trivendi; Pasaribu, Joshua Leonardo; Fahmi, Achmad Gus; Nurfani , Eka; Sipahutar, Wahyu Solafide; Yudistira, Hadi Teguh; Taher, Tarmizi
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.123-130

Abstract

The persistent presence of organic dyes like Congo Red (CR) in wastewater poses a significant environmental challenge. In this study, CeO2 nanofibers (CeO2-NF) were successfully synthesized via electrospinning followed by calcination as potential photocatalysts for the degradation of CR pollutants in aqueous solutions. The synthesized nanofibers were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS) for morphological and elemental analyses, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for crystalline structure, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for molecular properties. Photocatalytic degradation experiments were conducted under UVC light irradiation, with the CeO2-NF1, CeO2-NF2, and CeO2-NF3 samples achieving CR degradation percentages of 95.6%, 96.9%, and 95.2%, respectively, after 130 minutes of reaction time. Kinetic analysis revealed that the photocatalytic degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, with rate constants of 0.020 min-1, 0.024 min-1, and 0.025 min-1 for CeO2-NF1, CeO2-NF2, and CeO2-NF3, respectively, highlighting the superior performance of CeO2-NF3. These results indicate that CeO2NF could serve as an effective material for the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes, offering a promising approach for wastewater treatment applications.
Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant, and Anti-Diabetic Activities in Hexane and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extracts of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Leaves Nasori, Achmad Sofian; Wiguna, Bangkit; Rahayu, Maya Damayanti; Permatasari, Devi; Kazfia, Hananda; Muhamaludin; Rosyidin, Ahmad Khulafaur; Dewi, Rizna Triana; Fu, Minghai; Atmaji, Priyo; Aji, Galih Kusuma
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.250-261

Abstract

Sweet potato leaves are a rich source of bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. Advanced methods are being explored to harness these beneficial compounds efficiently. Applying the supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) technique, as an environmentally friendly extraction technique, offers many advantages over traditional solvent extraction. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate the effect of SCO2 extraction on the bioactive properties of sweet potato leaves, focusing on antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities. Then, the SCO2 extracts were compared with the hexane extract. A completely random design was used, performing 3 pressures (2000, 3000, and 4000 Psi) and 3 temperatures (40, 50, and 60°C) for the SCO2 extraction. In addition, a maceration using hexane solvent was performed in a shaker for 24 hours. Total polyphenol and flavonoid concentrations were quantified, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analyses were used to identify the extracted bioactive compounds. Antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities were also assessed. This yield of SCO2 extraction ranged from 0.49% to 0.89%, which was significantly lower in yield, polyphenol, flavonoid concentration, and antioxidant activity compared to hexane extract (P<0.05). Despite the lower yield, this study observed a higher concentration of bioactive terpenoids such as phytol, caryophyllene oxide, and squalene. In terms of anti-diabetic activity, the extracts at SCO2-specific conditions (4000 Psi 40°C, 3000 Psi 60°C, 3000 Psi 40°C, and 60°C, 2000 Psi 60°C) exhibited potent alpha-glucosidase inhibition, with IC50 values comparable to acarbose, and hexane extract. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibition was the highest in the hexane extract (p < 0.05), followed by SCO2 extracts. Thus, these findings highlight new possibilities for developing anti-diabetic agents derived from sweet potato leaves using the green SCO2 extraction technique.
Study of Porosity and Mechanical-Elastic Properties of the Potential Underground CO2 Storage in Un-Mined Coal Seams from Well-log Data, South Sumatra Basin, Indonesia Handoyo, Handoyo; Sigalingging, Asido Saputra; Nathania, Edlyn Yoadan; Astomo, Dimas; Carbonell, Ramon; Samosir, Sondang
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.238-249

Abstract

In CO2 storage technology, particularly in coal seams, necessitates specialized research into numerous critical factors that are equivalent to coal seam characteristics, including porosity, permeability, rock strength (UCS: uniaxial compressive strength), Poisson ratio, and brittleness. Rock properties of the coal seam are responsible for the CO2 storage capacity. In this study, we have core samples from the borehole and employed four well-logs (within and area ∼ 1000 m × 875 m) that drilled in the coal mining project located in South Sumatra Basin, Indonesia. The goal of this study is to describe the coal seam C strata in the sub-surface that have the potential to be utilized for underground CO2 storage. In this study, we identified coal seams C from low density and gamma rays from log response data. Then, we predict porosity values from data density, velocity (Vp andVs), UCS values, and BI using petrophysical and rock physics approaches. The result of this study shows that the distribution of top depth coal seam C varies in depth 19 to 225 m with the porosity 0.086-0.138. The value of UCS 1150 1299 Pa and brittleness index 0.531-0.569 that are associated with a characteristic coal with low to medium strength and medium brittleness. The results of this preliminary analysis revealed that the coal seam layer in this region has a high potential for CO2 storage in Sumatra, Indonesia.
Modeling Vector Error Correction with Exogeneous (VECMX) Variable for Analyzing Nonstationary Variable Energy Used and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Usman, Mustofa; Wamiliana; Russel, Edwin; Kurniasari, Dian; Widiarti; Elfaki, Faiz A.M
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.283-293

Abstract

Analysis of energy used, GDP and population has been carried out in many countries and has become a topic of interest for many researchers and governments. This is because energy used is an important factor for society and industry in a country. In this study, the modeling of the relationship between energy used, GDP and population as an exogenous variable for the cases of Indonesia from 1967-2023 will be discussed. The energy used and GDP data are nonstationary with order one, I(1), and there is cointegration between energy used and GDP. Therefore, the model which will be used is the Vector Error Correction Model with Exogenous variable (VECMX) with population as the exogenous variable. From the results of analysis, the best model is VECMX(3,1) with cointegration rank R=1. Based on this model, the pattern of the relationship among the three variables, Granger-causality between energy used and GDP, exogenous impact on energy used and GDP, and forecasting for the next 10 years will be discussed.
Uncaria gambir Based Green Synthesis of Inorganic Nanoparticles for Photothermal Induced Thrombolytic and Antibacterial Applications Fithri, Najma Annuria; Mardiyanto; Fadilah, Ade; Pratiwi, Aisyah; Alisyahbana, Sutan Satya; Alhafiz, Muhammad Faris; Maharani, Nabila Puan
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.303-312

Abstract

Application of natural compounds in the field of nanoparticle synthesis have been explored due to their robust application and safety. Additionally, these compounds exhibit activities which can be utilised for their medicinal purposes. One of the most useful compounds is catechin, a polyphenolic compound present in high concentration in Uncaria gambir. Herein, we developed inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) based on green synthesis with gambir extract (GE) to produce iron oxide (GE-IONP), gold (GE-AuNP) and silver nanoparticles (GE-AgNP). These nanoparticles were then subjected to observation towards their photothermal activity for the treatment of thrombosis and antibacterial activity. Based on our evaluation, the NPs we obtained were able to exude photothermal effect, indicated by the significant increase of temperature of the solution of around 5-15 ◦C. Evaluation of thrombolytic potential towards thrombus with an in vitro model showed reduction of thrombus mass of around 40-50%, significantly improves the thrombolytic activity compared to GE alone. Antibacterial activity of laser induced GE-AgNP, GE-AuNP and GE-IONP on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated similar strength in inhibiting bacterial growth with broad spectrum antibiotics. Samples containing the NPs that were irradiated with laser were more efficient in preventing bacterial growth when compared to the NPs samples that were not subjected to laser, proving the synergistic mechanism of NPs and laser towards antibacterial effect. Based on the results we obtained, gambir based inorganic particles showed promising results as thrombolytic and antibacterial agent.

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