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All Journal Althea Medical Journal Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Journal Of Vocational Health Studies Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran Jurnal Medik Veteriner PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat J-Dinamika: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Respirasi (JR) JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Jurnal Ners SURABAYA PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION JOURNAL Majalah Biomorfologi (Biomorphology Journal) Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Service) COMSERVA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Asian Journal of Health Research Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bhinneka Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bangsa Folia Medica Indonesiana
Fatimah, Nurmawati
Department Of Anatomy, Histology, And Pharmacology, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga
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Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children Aged 1–5 Years Provided by Doctors in Surabaya Athiyyah, Alpha Fardah; Irsan, Insyira Rayhana; Fatimah, Nurmawati
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59, No. 2
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

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Abstract

Highlights: 1. The focus of this study was on the treatment methods for acute diarrhea, which have not been extensively investigated in the region studied. 2. This study can provide an overview of doctors' adherence to the available guidelines for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children aged 1–5 years in Surabaya, Indonesia. Abstract: Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death among children under five, following pneumonia. Insufficient knowledge of diarrhea and dehydration management may contribute to this high mortality rate. Implementing prompt and effective management and prevention strategies has the potential to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with diarrhea. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the treatment methods used by doctors for children aged 1–5 suffering from acute diarrhea in Surabaya, Indonesia. Data were collected from doctors in Surabaya using an online form containing case-based questions. Microsoft Excel for Mac version 16.17 (Microsoft Inc., Redmont, WA, USA) was used to process the binary data by calculating frequencies and percentages with a point estimate of 95% confidence interval (CI). A descriptive method was used in the data analysis, and the findings were presented in tables. From a total of 51 respondents who participated in this study, 18 (35.29%) only administered oral rehydration therapy. In addition, 49 respondents (96.08%) prescribed zinc supplementation for ten days, while 10 respondents (19.61%) opted for antibiotics. Interestingly, 49 respondents (96.08%) recommended both breast milk and food for the patients, and nearly all respondents provided guidance to the mother or caregiver of the patient. The findings of this study suggested that the respondents primarily used rehydration therapy to treat children suffering from acute diarrhea with moderate dehydration. However, some respondents still relied on antibiotics despite the available recommendations to use oral rehydration therapy. Nearly all respondents agreed on zinc supplementation, breast milk and food provision, and advice for the mother or caregiver of the patient. While certain aspects of the disease management for diarrhea align with the recommended guidelines, there is room for improvement in promoting the exclusive use of oral rehydration therapy and reducing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions.
Effect of the leaf pettiveria alliacea extract active compound on mycobacterium tuberculosis Munir, Ratna Sofaria; Fatimah, Nurmawati; Hermanto, Bambang
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 53, No. 2
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

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Indonesia has a variety of herbal plants used as herbal/traditional medicines. Singawalang (Petiveria alliacea) is one of the herbal plants usually used in the United States as a cough medicine because of its expectorant effect. Singawalang plants are also widely used to cure tuberculosis. However, the investigations on the effects of toxicity on this plant leaf extract has not been done. This study aims to investigate the effects of active compounds in singawalang against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using a variety of solvents. The active compound of ethanol extract was obtained by maceration using ethanol solvent. The extract was then fractionated using column chromatography method, and using gradual eluent to produce fraction. The doses used were 0.5 mg/ml; 1 mg/ml; 2 mg/ml; 70% ethanol, h-hexane, benzene, chloroform, ethylacetate, silica gel 60GF254, Middlebrook 7H9, and 7H10. The reactions using Singawalang leaf extract with various solvents resulted in a reduction of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis colony growth, compared with the reaction on control treatment, treatment using DMSO 1%, and treatment using 70% ethanol. As a conclusion, the various solvents used did not make a significant difference. However, control treatment, treatment using DMSO 1%, and treatment using 70% ethanol had significant results.
Effects of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) Extract on Glutathione Peroxidase Expression and Inflammatory Reactions in Lead Acetate-Induced Lung Tissue of Mice Harjono, Shella; I’tishom, Reny; Rahniayu, Alphania; Fatimah, Nurmawati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 12, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v12n4.4460

Abstract

Background: Lead acetate exposure through oral route has a significant impact on lung tissue as lead can induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in decreased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and triggering inflammatory responses. The induction of exogenous antioxidants may prevent this mechanism. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Tamarillo ethanol extract on GPx expression and inflammatory reactions in the lung tissue of mice induced with lead acetate.Methods: This true experimental laboratory study utilized stored formalin-fixed-paraffin-embedded (FFPE) lung tissue  from 30 male mice (Mus musculus). The samples were divided into five intervention groups, each consisting of six mice. Immunohistochemistry and histopathology assessments were performed at 100x and 400x magnification to evaluate the GPx expression using the H-score and to assess inflammatory reactions based on five scoring parameters, which were summed to obtain the total lung injury score.Results: Lead exposure significantly increased inflammatory reactions, particularly in the hemorrhage parameters (p=0.041). A significant increase in GPx expression was observed following lead acetate administration (p=0.027). Administration of Tamarillo ethanol extract at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW increased GPx expression compared with the positive control group (p=0.027).Conclusion: Tamarillo ethanol extract, especially at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW, significantly increases GPx expression in lead acetate-induced lung tissue of mice. This finding highlights the potential role of Tamarillo extract as an antioxidant source to reduce lead-induced lung injury, supporting broader efforts to promote healthy lifestyle practices that protect against environmental toxin exposure.
Pengaruh Jus Buah Delima (Punica granatum) sebagai Agen Antioksidan pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diinduksi Larutan Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) melalui Jalur Penurunan Kadar Malondialdehid (MDA) Shayla Kokomi Rishardy; Nurmawati Fatimah; Gadis Meinar Sari; Mohammad Fathul Qorib
Jurnal Ners Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): JANUARI 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v10i1.51842

Abstract

Inflamasi kronis berkontribusi pada berbagai penyakit degeneratif, sehingga diperlukan terapi alternatif berbasis antioksidan alami. Buah delima (Punica granatum) kaya akan polifenol, flavonoid, dan tanin yang memiliki potensi antioksidan dan antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh jus buah delima terhadap kadar malondialdehid (MDA) sebagai penanda stres oksidatif pada tikus Wistar jantan yang diinduksi Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA). Penelitian eksperimental menggunakan rancangan post-test only control group design dengan empat kelompok: kontrol negatif (K–), kontrol positif (K+), serta dua kelompok perlakuan (P1: 16,7% jus delima; P2: 33,3% jus delima). Jus diberikan secara oral selama 28 hari. Analisis data menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk dan Levene untuk uji normalitas dan homogenitas, dilanjutkan dengan ANOVA satu arah dan uji post hoc LSD atau uji non-parametrik Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney U jika data tidak normal. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kadar MDA tertinggi terjadi pada K+, sedangkan P1 dan P2 mengalami penurunan signifikan (p<0,05). Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa jus delima efektif menurunkan stres oksidatif melalui penghambatan peroksidasi lipid, mendukung potensinya sebagai agen terapeutik alami dalam manajemen inflamasi.
Pengaruh Jus Buah Delima (Punica granatum) sebagai Agen Anti-inflmasi pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diinduksi Larutan Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) melalui Jalur Penurunan Kadar Sitokin Pro-inflamasi TNF-α Muhammad Axel Arsyad; Nurmawati Fatimah; Gadis Meinar Sari; Mohammad Fathul Qorib
Jurnal Ners Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): JANUARI 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v10i1.52488

Abstract

Reaksi alami tubuh terhadap kerusakan atau penyakit adalah peradangan, yang ditandai dengan peningkatan mediator pro-inflamasi seperti TNF-α. Karena Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) dapat menimbulkan peradangan kronis dan respons imunologis seluler, zat ini sering digunakan sebagai model induksi peradangan. Punicalagin, asam ellagic, dan flavonoid yang terdapat dalam buah delima (Punica granatum) memiliki sifat anti-inflamasi dan antioksidan yang dapat mengurangi respons inflamasi. Dalam eksperimen laboratorium ini, digunakan lima kelompok tikus jantan putih (Rattus norvegicus) dengan desain kelompok kontrol pasca-tes saja. Kelompok-kelompok tersebut meliputi kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif (CFA), kelompok vitamin C, dan dua kelompok perlakuan yang menerima dosis oral jus delima yang bervariasi selama 28 hari. Jus delima secara signifikan (p<0.05) menurunkan kadar TNF-α pada tikus yang diinduksi CFA dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol positif, dengan penurunan terbesar terjadi pada dosis tertinggi, menurut data. Oleh karena itu, telah dibuktikan bahwa jus delima memiliki sifat antiinflamasi dengan menurunkan kadar sitokin pro-inflamasi TNF-α.
The Potential of Ethanol Extract Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) on B-Cell Lymphoma 2 Expression in Mice (Mus musculus) Lungs Exposed to Lead Acetate Iswandi, Cantika Marcellin Princess; Setiawan, Herley Windo; Fatimah, Nurmawati; I’tishom, Reny; A'yuni, Mila Qurotul
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v12-I.1.2026.44-51

Abstract

Introduction: Lead acetate, a toxic heavy metal compound, induces cellular and tissue injury primarily through oxidative stress. Exposure via inhalation or ingestion enables systemic absorption and distribution to target organs, particularly the lungs. One of the key anti-apoptotic proteins involved in maintaining cell survival is B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). The administration of exogenous antioxidants represents a preventive approach to counteract the cytotoxic effects of lead, including the use of ethanol extract of tamarillo fruit. This study investigated the potential influence of tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) ethanol extract, known for its antioxidant content. Specifically, it examined its effect on Bcl-2 expression in the lung tissue of male mice exposed to lead acetate. Methods: This study used a true experimental design in a controlled laboratory setting. The specimens were divided into five groups: K0 served as the negative control, while K1 acted as the positive control and was treated with lead acetate at a dose of 0.075 g/kgBW. Group P1, P2, and P3 received lead acetate combined with ethanol extract of tamarillo at doses of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW, respectively. Results: The findings showed that tamarillo ethanol extract significantly increased lung Bcl-2 expression in lead-exposed mice (p<0.05). B-cell lymphoma 2 expression increased progressively with higher extract doses compared with the positive control group. Conclusion: Administration of the tamarillo ethanol extract at 100 mg/kgBW was the most effective and provided protective effects on lung tissue.
The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Expression in Mouse (Mus musculus) Lungs after Lead Acetate Exposure Dianita, Karina Putri; Setiawan, Herley Windo; Fatimah, Nurmawati; I'tishom, Reny; Subkhan, Mohammad
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Lead (Pb), a toxic heavy metal that does not break down in the environment, seriously endangers human health. Oral exposure to lead has a significant impact on the lungs, disrupting physiological functions and causing several respiratory disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced following lead exposure, reducing endogenous antioxidants, particularly superoxide dismutase (SOD). Administration of exogenous antioxidants to enhance SOD activity is therefore a crucial preventive strategy. This study aimed to examine the effect of tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) ethanol extract on SOD expression in the lungs of mice (Mus musculus) after lead acetate exposure. Materials and Methods: This true experimental laboratory study used twenty-five mouse lung tissue samples that had been kept and prepared. Each treatment group comprised five samples: K0 (negative control, given only distillated water), K1 (positive control, given lead acetate at a dose of 0.075 g/kg BW), P1 (lead acetate + tamarillo extract at concentration of 100 mg/kg BW), P2 (lead acetate + tamarillo extract 200 mg/kg BW), and P3 (lead acetate + tamarillo extract 400 mg/kg BW). The duration of the treatments was 35 days. Results: After administering 0.075 g/kg BW of lead acetate, the study found a substantial increase in SOD expression (p < 0.05). In addition, compared to the positive control group, the administration of 100 mg/kg BW of tamarillo ethanol extract resulted in a significant increase in SOD expression (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that tamarillo ethanol extract, compared to the positive control group, significantly elevated SOD expression at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW (p < 0.05). Furthermore, after exposure to lead acetate, the findings have demonstrated that the ethanol extract of tamarillo, particularly at a level of 100 mg/kg BW, efficiently increases SOD expression in mouse lungs.
Protective Effect of Ethanol Extract of Tamarillo (Solanum Betaceum) on Renal Interleukin 1 Expression in Lead Acetate-Exposed Mice Trimitasari, Kurnia; Yuliawati, Tri Hartini; I'tishom, Reny; Fatimah, Nurmawati
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The rise in environmental pollution due to industrial and transportation activities has led to widespread lead (Pb) contamination , which enters the body through inhalation or ingestion and accumulates in the kidneys, triggering excessive Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production, which in turn causes oxidative stress and inflammatory responses marked by increased IL-1 expression. Tamarillo, a fruit rich in flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phenolic compounds, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may protect renal tissue against lead-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Objective: To analyze the impact of ethanol extract from tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) on interleukin-1 (IL-1) expression in the kidneys of lead acetate-exposed mice (Mus musculus). Material and Method: This true laboratory experimental study used preserved biological material (BBT) from 30 male mice (Mus musculus), categorized into five distinct groups. The negative control group, labeled K0, received only distilled water; the positive control group, K1, was administered lead acetate at 0.075 g/kgBW; while group P1, P2, and P3 were treated with lead acetate alongside Solanum betaceum extract for 35 days at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW, respectively. IL-1 expression was analyzed via immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the Immunoreactive Score (IRS) method focusing on glomerular and tubular epithelial cells. Result: Significant difference in IL-1 expression among groups (p<0.05). The treatment group that received 100 mg/kgBW tamarillo extract had the lowest levels of IL-1 expression in glomerular cells (mean 4.0) and tubular epithelial cells (mean 5.0) compared to the positive control, indicating dose-dependent. Conclusion: Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) ethanol extract effectively reduces IL-1 expression in glomerular and tubular regions of lead-exposed mice, with the optimal dose at 100 mg/kg BW, demonstrating its potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent for combating lead-induced renal inflammation.
Co-Authors A'yuni, Mila Qurotul Abdul Khairul Rizki Purba Mustofa Indwiani Astuti Achmad Januar Er Putra Afif Nurul Hidayati Akbar Kurniawan, Mohammad Alpha Fardah Athiyyah Alphania Rahniayu Amatullah, Nida' Fahima Amustikarani, Dewa Ayu Praba Annette d’Arqom, Annette Arifa Mustika Bambang Hermanto Christian Susianto, Steven Damayanti Damayanti Dau, Daniel Dhia Farhan Taufik Dianita, Karina Putri Dimyati, Sinta Diyah Doman, Zahras Azimuth Edith Frederika Puruhito, Edith Frederika Farhan Nurdiansyah Finna Permata Putri Harjono, Shella Herisulistyo, Aldilatama Herley Windo Setiawan Herwanto, Bambang I Dewa Ayu Sudiari Dewi I'tishom, Reny Indiastuti, Danti Nur Indri Safitri Mukono, Indri Safitri Insyira Rayhana Irsan Irsan, Insyira Rayhana Iswandi, Cantika Marcellin Princess Izzatul Fithriyah I’tishom, Reny Khaerunnisa, Siti Kurniawan, Mohammad Akbar Kusuma Eko Purwantari Linda Dewanti Maftuchah Maftuchah Mhd Zamal Nasution Mohammad Fathul Qorib Mohammad Subkhan Muhammad Axel Arsyad Mukhoirotin Mukhoirotin Myrna Adianti Nilamsari, Karina Ayu Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah Nurrosyidah, Iif Hanifa Paramitha, Nabilah Prabowo, Gwenny Ichsan Purba, Abdul Khairul Rizki Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Rania Ratri Fauziyah Ratna Sofaria Munir, Ratna Sofaria Rini Hamsidi Sakina Sakina, Sakina Sari, Gadis Meinar Shayla Kokomi Rishardy Sri Murtiwi Sri Purwaningsih Stefanus, Lusiana Steven Christian Susianto Suhariningsih Suharno, Novianto Edi Sulistiawati Sulistiawati Sumardiko, Dwi Setiani Sutji Kuswarini Sutji Kuswarini Toyib, Muchammad Trimitasari, Kurnia Turchan, Agus Vita, Angelica Diana Wening Hapsari William Andrew Isaac Yuani Setiawati Yuliawati, Tri Hartini Yusuf, Muhtarum