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All Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) Amerta Nutrition PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat J-Dinamika: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association : Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Majalah Biomorfologi (Biomorphology Journal) Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Service) Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya (Surabaya Psychiatry Journal) JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH CURRENT INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE SURABAYA JOURNAL Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Indonesian Andrology and Biomedical Journal Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman (The Soedirman Journal of Nursing)

Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah

Departemen Anatomi, Histologi Dan Farmakologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga

Author-ID : 3489250

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Effect of Javanese Turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) Extract on Hepatitis Model of Alcohol-Induced Mice Puteri, Agnes Ilene Suprapto; Sandhika, Willy; Hasanatuludhhiyah, Nurina
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol 31, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Alcoholic hepatitis is a common cause of non-viral hepatitis. Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) contains xanthorrhizol and curcuminoid that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of this research was to detect the effect of Curcuma xanthorrhiza in decreasing hydropic degeneration and lymphocytes in alcohol-induced mice. This experimental research used post-test only controlled design. Randomly, 35 mice were divided into five groups. Four groups were induced by alcohol 30% of 4ml/kgBW in 10 days, and one group was normal group (negative control). Three of the four alcohol-induced groups were given Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract at doses of 42, 84, and 168 mg/kgBW in 10 days, 1 hour after alcohol induction. Mice livers were taken for Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining.Â Hydropic degeneration and lymphocytes in the liver lobules were examined under a microscope. The statistical analysis used in this research was the Kruskal-Wallis, the Mann-Whitney test, and the Independent Sample T Test. P-value is significant if <0.05. The result of this research were all doses of Javanese turmeric extract significantly reduced hydropic degeneration. Doses of 84 and 168 mg/kgBW also reduced inflammatory lymphocytes (p<0.05). The dose of 168 mg/kgBW reduced the lymphocyte inflammation maximally. There was no significant difference between increasing Javanese turmeric dose and decreasing hydropic degeneration and lymphocytes (p>0.05). This research shows that Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) can attenuate hepatitis by decreasing hydropic degeneration and lymphocytes in alcohol-induced liver.

Anthropometry-based Body Fat Percentage Predicts High hs-CRP in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Mochammad Thaha; Maulana Antiyan Empitu; Ika Nindya Kadariswantiningsih; Cahyo Wibisono Nugroho; Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah; Haerani Rasyid; Zaky El Hakim; Maulana Muhtadin Suryansyah; Rieza Rizqi Alda; Mohammad Yusuf Alsagaff; Mochammad Amin; Djoko Santoso; Yusuke Suzuki
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 10, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v10i2.397

BACKGROUND: Obesity is an important cardiovascular risk factor and associated with low grade inflammation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This study aims to assess the association between body fat with serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level in CKD patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in 71 CKD patients. Anthropometric measurements included body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), skinfold thickness (SKF) of triceps and biceps were performed by trained physician. BFP was calculated using Kwok’s Formula and hs-CRP was measured by Particle enhanced Turbidimetry.RESULTS: The averaged BMI of our subjects was 25.8±4.4. There was no significant difference in BMI between pre-dialysis and hemodialysis CKD patients. Positive correlation was found between BFP and hs-CRP (r=0.266; p<0.05), while there was no significant correlation between BMI and hs-CRP.CONCLUSION: Body fat percentage was associated with hs-CRP. Hence, it will be more beneficial to assess nutritional status in CKD using BFP rather than BMI alone since it was demonstrated to correlate with hs-CRP in our studyKEYWORDS: CKD, obesity, inflammation, body fat, hs-CRP

Side Effects of Methotrexate for Psoriasis Therapy Melida Agustina; Afif Nurul Hidayati; Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 32 No. 2 (2020): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V32.2.2020.98-102

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disease of the skin, characterized by the presence of well-defined erythematous plaque covered by silvery-white scales. Methotrexate is a folic acid antimetabolic for psoriasis therapy and given systemically so unexpected effects can occur. Purpose: To evaluate the side effects of methotrexate as therapy in psoriasis. Methods: The descriptive research based on the medical record of psoriasis patients who were treated for hospitalization on at Kemuning I and II ward Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya during the period January 2017 – December 2018. The sampling method used was total sampling. Result: Twenty two psoriasis patients receiving methotrexate therapy with the dose of methotrexate is 10-15 mg once weekly, there were 4.5% low erythrocyte level, 27.3% high leukocyte level, 13.6% high thrombocyte level, 18.2% high SGOT level, 22.8% high SGPT level, 18% nausea, 9.1% vomiting, 4.6% headache, and 4.6% shortness of breath. Conclusion: Methotrexate for psoriasis therapy may cause several side effects even not the severe ones, therefore careful dosing and side effect monitoring are necessary.

UNIVERSITY-SCHOOL PARTNERSHIP IN ACHIEVING THE VISION OF INDONESIA 2045 THROUGH RESEARCH TRAINING ON HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah; Annette d’ Arqom; Abdul Khairul Rizki Purba; Visuddho Visuddho; Deandra Maharani Widiatmaja; Ilham Rahmanto; Putu Bagus Dharma Permana
Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL LAYANAN MASYARAKAT
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jlm.v6i1.2022.51-60

Universities participate in realizing Indonesia's vision 2045 “The Indonesians who are excellent, civilized, and mastering science technology, to bring Indonesia as the center of science technology development in the Asia and the world”. It would need intense effort and synergy, considering the science literacy of Indonesian students was ranked the 10th lowest out of 79 countries in 2018. The innovation capacity is ranked 74 out of 141 countries. Research is an essential activity, encouraging the development of science technology. Research competency should be honed by high school students as part of scientific inquiry. Therefore, this community service was carried out in collaboration with FORISMA FK UNAIR, aimed to increase students’ understanding of the urgency, stages, and procedures of research as well as increase interest in research activities. It was also intended to develop their skills to compile and present research proposals. The partner was Raudlatul Jannah High School Sidoarjo. It was implemented through workshops, coaching, and presentations followed by the teachers and 11th-grade students. The whole activity successfully improved students' knowledge. Increased knowledge score was obtained in 83% of participants. The pre-test evaluation showed 88% of participants had poor knowledge, whilst post-test evaluations were predominantly good. This community service increased students’ interest in research and changed their perceptions of research’s importance. This improved students' capability to identify research problems, search and compile scientific references as a basis for building hypotheses and conceptual frameworks, and determine research methods. The four groups of students were able to produce research proposals of sufficient quality and were able to present and discuss them in the forum. This community service was perceived to help the school in the implementation of curriculum, especially in science literacy. The school was committed to deepening students' knowledge and skills in the field of scientific research by providing research project modules. This community service is part of the contribution of higher education to the achievement of the vision of Indonesia 2045. This can be a model of scientific inquiry learning in secondary education, thus it is necessary to be implemented in other high schools.

BUILDING AWARENESS TO PREVENT DHF THROUGH SOCIALIZATION, JUMANTIC TRAINING, AND ERADICATION OF MOSQUITO NESTS IN CANDIREJO, BLITAR Sangidatul Imro'ah; Dian Fitria; Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah
Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL LAYANAN MASYARAKAT
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jlm.v6i1.2022.119-128

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a dangerous disease that may cause death within a short time and spread quickly. East Java is the province with the second-highest number of dengue cases in Indonesia. Blitar is one of the contributors to the high number of cases in East Java, with a CFR of 1.2% and Ponggok sub-district is one of the dengue-prone areas. Programs that have been promoted by the government are the 3M Plus Movement and the Eradication of Mosquito Nests (PSN). However, dengue disease still occurs every year because the community lacks the awareness to run these programs regularly and continuously. The purpose of community service through the 65th Airlangga University KKN-BBM program in the Health Sector were 1) increasing knowledge and awareness about DHF disease and its prevention, 2) improving skills in monitoring larvae independently, 3) reducing dengue transmission rates and improving the environmental health of the Candirejo Village community. The method used were the dissemination of knowledge about DHF and its prevention along with jumantik and PSN 3M Plus training. The target of this activity was elementary school students and the surrounding community. The results of the evaluation showed that there were differences in the level of knowledge before and after the socialization of DHF. In addition, the jumantik training was able to encourage students to independently carry out larvae monitoring. The community actively participated and was very enthusiastic in the implementation of PSN. Overall, all the programs carried out are appropriate, easy, and effective ways to prevent DHF.

BULEKANG: CULTIVATION OF CATFISH KANGKUNG TO ACHIEVE ZERO HUNGER AND INCREASE COMMUNITY INCOME IN PASIRHARJO VILLAGE BLITAR REGENCY Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah; Alissa Qodrunnada
Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL LAYANAN MASYARAKAT
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jlm.v6i1.2022.219-228

Food security is one of the efforts to realize the 2nd sustainable development goal, namely zero hunger. In order to help the government encourage the realization of food security in Indonesia, the community service team of Universitas Airlangga implemented a bulekang (kale catfish cultivation) program aimed at the people of Pasirharjo village, Talun subdistrict, Blitar regency. The purpose of the bulekang program is to increase knowledge about food security, the use of home land as a container for the fulfillment of animal nutrition, vegetable and entrepreneurial containers, and help the government increase community income. The methods used in this activity are extension and training (field practice). The average pretest result regarding catfish cultivation was 35.5 and posttest 97 while the average pretest regarding kale cultivation was 36 and the average posttest was 98. This indicates that the training material can be understood by participants. Based on the evaluation of attitudes and behaviors, it was obtained that the participants of the activity had a high willingness to practice bulekang in their respective homes. This training is very useful to increase the creativity and income of citizens in pandemic times. Keywords: food security, bulekang, zero hunger, income DAFTAR PUSTAKA Adharani, Nadya. 2021. “Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Melalui Budikdamber Upaya Pemenuhan Gizi Ikan Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Kelurahan Taman Baru Kecamatan Banyuwangi.” Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan dan Kelautan 3, no. 1: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.36526/lemuru.v3i1.1272. Astawan, M. 2008. “Lele Bantu Pertumbuhan Janin.” 2008. http://wilystra2007.multiply.com/%0Ajournal/item/62/Lele_Bantu_Pert%0Aumbuhan_Janin. Badan Ketahanan Pangan. 2019. “Indeks Ketahanan Pangan Indonesia 2019 (Food Security Index of Indonesia 2019).” Food Security Bureau, Republic of Indonesia, 14. http://bkp.pertanian.go.id/storage/app/media/Bahan 2020/IKP 2019 FINAL.pdf. Bappenas. 2021. “Study of Food Loss and Waste in Indonesia.” Hadiputri, T. 2021. “Pengenalan Budikdamber (Budidaya Ikan dalam Ember) untuk Ketahanan Pangan di Kecamatan Dringu Kabupaten Probolinggo” 2, no. 1: 42–45. Hidayati, Nurul, Pienyani Rosawanti, Fitriadi Yusuf, dan Nanang Hanafi. 2017. “Kajian Penggunaan Nutrisi Anorganik terhadap Pertumbuhan Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir) Hidroponik Sistem Wick.” Daun: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian dan Kehutanan 4, no. 2: 75–81. https://doi.org/10.33084/daun.v4i2.81. Kesehatan, Kementerian. 2018. “Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas).” Lasminingrat, L. dan Efriza. 2020. “Pembangunan Lumbung Pangan Nasional: Strategi Antisipasi Krisis Pangan Indonesia.” Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara 10, no. 3: 243. https://doi.org/10.33172/jpbh.v10i3.1053. Manuhara, Y., Utami, E.S & Yachya, A. 2018. “Pelatihan Budidaya Sayuran Organik secara Aquaponik melalui Kegiatan Iptek bagi Masyarakat pada Peternak Lele di Desa Lebo Kabupaten Sidoarjo.” Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat Universitas Airlangga 2, no. 1: 12–17. Mardikanto, T. 1993. “Penyuluhan Pembangunan Pertanian.” In Sebelas Maret University Press. Surakarta. Pandiangan, Maruba, Jamaran Kaban, Basuki Wirjosentono, dan Jansen Silalahi. 2020. “Analisis Asam Lemak Omega 3 dan 6 pada Minyak Ikan Lele secara GC-FID.” Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pangan Dan Hasil Pertanian (RETIPA) 1: 22–29. https://doi.org/10.54367/retipa.v1i1.908. Radimer, K. 2002. “Measurement of household food security in the USA and other industrialised countries.” Public Health Nutrition 5, no. 6a: 859–64. https://doi.org/10.1079/phn2002385. Rahayu, D., A. Piranti, dan I. Sihwaningrum. 2019. “Diversivikasi Hasil Olahan Ikan Lele Di Desa Kaliwangi Kecamatan Purwojati Kabupaten Banyumas.” Dinamika Journal : Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 1: 54–61. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.dj.2019.1.1.602. Sofiari, E. 2009. “Karakterisasi Kangkung Varietas Sutera berdasarkan Panduan Pengujian Individual.” Buletin Plasma Nutfah 15, no. 2: 4950. Supendi, M. dan Fajar, S. 2015. “Teknik Budidaya Yumina Sistem Aliran Atas di Bak Terpal.” Buletin Teknik Literatur Akuakultur 13, no. 1: 101–6. Suratha, I. 2015. “Krisis Petani Berdampak pada Ketahanan Pangan di Indonesia.” Media Komunikasi Geografi 16, no. 1: 67–80. Suryana, Achmad. 2014. “Menuju Ketahanan Pangan Indonesia Berkelanjutan 2025: Tantangan dan Penanganannya.” Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi 32, no. 2: 123–35. https://doi.org/10.21082/fae.v32n2.2014.123-135. Susetya, I., dan Z. Harahap. 2018. “Aplikasi Budikdamer (Budidaya Ikan lele dalam Ember) untuk Keterbatasan Lahan Budidaya di Kota Medan.” Abdimas Talenta 3, no. 2: 416–20. Swardana, Ardli. 2020. “Optimalisasi Lahan Pekarangan Sebagai Salah Satu Upaya Pencegahan Krisis Pangan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19.” Jagros : Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Sains (Journal of Agrotechnology Science) 4, no. 2: 246. https://doi.org/10.52434/jagros.v4i2.922. Talun, PNPM MPD Kecamatan. 2011. “Profil Desa Pasirharjo.” 2011. http://pnpmmpd-talun.blogspot.com/2011/11/profil-desa-pasirharjo.html. Ubaidillah, A., dan W. Hersoelistyorini. 2010. “Kadar Protein Dan Sifat Organoleptik Nugget Rajungan Dengan Substitusi Ikan Lele (Clarias Gariepinus).” Jurnal Pangan dan Gizi 1, no. 2: 116029. https://doi.org/10.26714/jpg.1.2.2010. Unit, The Economist Intelligence. 2021. “Global Food Security Index.” Zaki. 2009. “Budi Daya Ikan Lele (Clarias batrachus).”

The Contribution of Sex Difference on Different Liver Histopathology Between Male and Female Mice After Oral Administration of Caffeine Muhammad Sholikhuddin Nafi’; Tri Hartini Yuliawati; Prijati Sri Irawati; Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah
Indonesian Andrology and Biomedical Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Background: There are several studies reporting the effect of caffeine on liver histopathology, but it remains controversy. The laboratory animal used in those studies were predominantly male, whereas there is contribution of sex difference on different liver reaction to xenobiotic between male and female subject. Objective: It is necessary to conduct a study to explore the differences between the liver histopathology of male and female mice after oral administration of caffeine. Methods: This study used 36 mice (Mus musculus) that were divided into 4 groups: male & female untreated groups and male & female treated groups which were orally administered with caffeine 0.4 mg / 20 gramBW daily for 30 days. At the end of treatment, mice were euthanized and dissected. Histopathological examination was done to determine the percentage of liver cell death of each group. Results: The percentage of liver cell deathin female treated group was higher than male treated group (p = 0.0001). But there was no significant difference of liver cells death between male control and treated group and between female control and treated group. Conclusion: There was significant difference in liver histopathology between male and female mice after oral administration of caffeine.

The Prevalence and Success Factor of Ibuprofen and Paracetamol Administration for Neonates with Patent Ductus Arteriosus at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Rodia Amanata Rofiq; I Ketut Alit Utamayasa; Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 3 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i3.18303

Background: Four thousand neonates with Persisten Ductus Arteriosus every year in Indonesia. There are twotreatment options to treat Persistent Ductus Arteriosus, they are surgery and pharmacological therapy. Ibuprofenand paracetamol can be used as pharmacological therapy for Persistent Ductus Arteriosus with minimal sideeffects.Objective: To analyze the prevalence and success factors in giving ibuprofen and paracetamol in neonates withpersistent ductus arteriosus.Method: This research is an observational analytic research with cross-sectional method. The determination of theresearch sample uses a total sampling technique by taking all members of the population in accordance with theconditionsfrom January, 2016 to March , 2020. Bivariate analysis was perform using the Spearman rank test with95% confidence interval (α=0.05).Result: From 51 samples that met the inclusion criterias, it was found that the most criterias were male (66.67%),normal birth weight (60.78%), aterm (76.48%), moderate defect size before being administrated pharmacologicaltherapy (47.06%), pharmacological therapy using paracetamol (88.24%), atrial septal defect in the cardiaccomorbidities category (21.74%) and hyperbilirubinemia in the non-cardiac comorbidities category (13.04%). Themajority of lumen defects in neonates were closed completely after being administrated pharmacological therapy(72.55%). Statistical test results of spearman rank showed that no significant relationship between birth weightand pharmacological therapy in RSUD Dr. Soetomo. There was a significant relationship between gestation andpharmacological therapy (p = 0.000; r = -0.495; r2 = 0.237, 95% CI). There was a significant relationship between thesize of the ductus arteriosus defect before therapy and pharmacological therapy (p = 0.001; r = -0.435; r2 = 0.211,95% CI). Conclusion: The success factors in administrating ibuprofen and paracetamol for neonates with persistent ductusarteriosus in RSUD dr. Soetomo from January 1, 2016 to March 3, 2020 were affected by gestation period and sizeof the ductus arteriosus defect prior to pharmacological therapy.

The differences of parasitemia in Plasmodium berghei infected mice treated with extract of mango parasite leaves with Artemisinin combination Muhammad Zulkifly Tasman; Heny Arwati; Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah; Puspa Wardhani
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Qanun Medika Vol 07 No 01 January 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v7i1.13882

Malaria is a disease transmitted through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito caused by the Plasmodium parasite. Plasmodium has been reported to become resistant to artemisinin. Thus, the study on the ethanol extract of mango parasite leaves/Dendrophthoe pentandra (MP) on P. berghei-infected BALB/c mice with and without artemisinin combination (MP+A) was conducted. This study is experimental laboratory research with a post-test only design. The percent parasitemia in mice treated with ethanol extract of MP and MP+A leaves decreased. There was no difference in the spleen index in mice given ethanol extract of MP, and MP+A leaves with p = 0.203 and the spleen weight of mice with p = 0.134 (significance: p <0.005). Pearson Correlation test showed a correlation between spleen index with parasitemia and spleen weight with parasitemia; however, there was no correlation between body weight and parasitemia. The ethanol extracts of MP and MP+A leaves had significant antimalarial activity, and the difference in the percent parasitemia between groups was significant but not so far. The spleen index value was not affected by the ethanol extract of MP and MP+A leaves, but the percent parasitemia was affected.

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Averrhoa bilimbi Leaves Ethanol Extract Against Salmonella typhi Margaretha Nathania; Eddy Bagus Wasito; Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/juxta.V14I12023.43-47

Highlights:1. Typhoid fever, a major health problem for developing countries, requires alternative therapy to reduce drug resistance.2. A. bilimbi, a native plant of Indonesia, has antibacterial potential, which is effective against S. typhi in vitro. AbstractIntroduction: Some native plants in Indonesia have potential effects on health and medication. This study aimed to determine the potential antibacterial effect of Averrhoa bilimbi (A. bilimbi) leaves ethanol extract against Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) bacteria. Methods: This was an experimental study. The antibacterial potency of A. bilimbi leaves was measured against S. typhi in vitro. Different concentrations of the leaves’ ethanol extract were prepared. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated by a macro-dilution method using Mueller Hinton broth. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value was observed by subculturing the specimen from the previous dilution tube to the nutrient agar.Results: The MIC of A. bilimbi leaves ethanol extract against S. typhi bacteria could not be determined because all the treatment tubes’ colors were dark and turbid. Meanwhile, the MBC value was at 500 mg/ml.Conclusion: A. bilimbi leaves extract had potential bactericidal effects against S. typhi with a MIC value that could not be determined.

Co-Authors Abdul Khairul Rizki Purba Mustofa Indwiani Astuti Achmad Basori Achmad Basori Afif Nurul Hidayati Ahila Meliana Akbar Kurniawan, Mohammad Alissa Qodrunnada Ameilia Anastasya Rahma Afizah Anastasia K. Sikora Annete D'Arqom Annette dÃ¢Â€Â™Arqom, Annette Arifa Mustika Arsyi, Danial Habri Arthur Pohan Kawilarang atika Brihastami Sawitri Brilianti, Natasya Nurvita Cahyo Wibisono Nugroho d'Arqom, Annette Deandra Maharani Widiatmaja Dian Fitria Djoko Santoso D’Arqom, Annette Eddy Bagus Wasito Farabi, Moh. Reza Farapti Farapti Fatimah, Nurmawati Haerani Rasyid Heny Arwati Hermina Novida, Hermina Ika Nindya Kadariswantiningsih Ilham Rahmanto Indiastuti, Danti Nur Kusuma Eko Purwantari Kusumadewi, Salsabila Rahma Maftuchah Maftuchah Margaretha Nathania Maulana Antiyan Empitu Maulana Muhtadin Suryansyah Meliana, Ahila Melida Agustina Mochammad Amin MOCHAMMAD THAHA Mohammad Yusuf Alsagaff Muchammad Toyib Muhammad Nuh Ihsan Muhammad Sholikhuddin Nafiâ€™ Muhammad Sholikhuddin Nafi’ Muhammad Zulkifly Tasman Mukhoirotin Mukhoirotin Nabilah Paramitha Nily Sulistyorini Permana, Putu Bagus Dharma Prabowo, Gwenny Ichsan Pratiwi, Octaviana Galuh Prijati Sri Irawati Prijati Sri Irawati Puspa Wardhani Puspa Wardhani Puteri, Agnes Ilene Suprapto Putu Bagus Dharma Permana Rachma Putri Nariswari Rahman, Beny Aji Ifaudi Rasyidah, Amira Farah Ratnani, Arifian Hardi Putri Rieza Rizqi Alda Rizki Isnantono Prabowo Rodia Amanata Rofiq Sakina Sakina Sangidatul Imro'ah Sri Purwaningsih Suhartati Suhartati Suhartati Susila, I Made Dwi Yudiartana Putra Tri Hartini Yuliawati Tri Hartini Yuliawati Viskasari P. Kalanjati Visuddho , Visuddho Visuddho Visuddho Willy Sandhika Winarno, Didik Dwi Yuani Setiawati Yudhono, Anggit Satriyo Yulianti, Erikavitri Yulis Setiya Dewi Yusuke Suzuki Zaky El Hakim

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