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Earthworm Population Density in Sugarcane Cropping System Applied with Various Quality of Organic Matter Nurhidayati Nurhidayati; Endang Arisoesilaningsih; Didik Suprayogo; Kurniatun Hairiah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Earthworms population in the soil are greatly impacted by agricultural management, yet little is known about how the quality and quantity of organic matter addition interact in sugarcane cropping system to earthworm population. This study describes the effect of various organic matter and application rates on earthworms in sugarcane cropping system. Earthworms were collected in April, July and December from 48 experimental plots under five kinds of organic matter application : (1) cattle manure, (2) filter cake of sugar mill, (3) sugarcane trash, (4) mixture of cattle manure+filter cake, and (5) mixture of cattle manure+sugarcane trash. There were three application rates of the organic matter (5, 10, and 15 ton ha-1). The treatments were arranged in factorial block randomize design with three replications and one treatment as a control (no organic input). Earthworms were collected using monolith sampling methods and hand-sorted from each plot, and measured its density (D) (indiv.m-2), biomass (B) (g m-2) and B/D ratio (g/indiv.). All the plots receiving organic matter input had higher earthworm density, biomass, and B/D ratio than the control. The highest earthworm population density was found in the plot receiving application of sugarcane trash (78 indiv.m-2) and the mixture of cattle manure+sugarcane trash (84 indiv.m-2). The increase in application rates of organic matter could increase the earthworm density and biomass. Earthworm population density also appeared to be strongly influenced by the quality of organic matter, such as the C-organic, N, C/N ratio, lignin, polyphenols, and cellulose content. Earthworm preferred low quality organic matter. It was caused by the higher energy of low quality organic matter than high quality organic matter. Our findings suggest that the input of low quality organic matter with application rate as 10 ton ha-1 is important for maintaining earthworm population and soil health in sugarcane land.Keywords: earthworms, organic matter quantity, quality, sugarcane cropping system
Degradation of Riparian Tree Diversity on Spring Fed Drains and Its Impacts to Water Quality, East Java Chatarina Gradict Semiun; Endang Arisoesilaningsih; Catur Retnaningdyah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 3 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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This research aimed to determine the impact of degradation riparian tree diversity on water quality along some spring to its drains in East Java. This descriptive research conducted in selected springs and itsdrains in Jember, Kediri, Pasuruan, and Malang on April 2012 to January 2013. We used a spring water of Meru Betiri National Park as a reference site. Quality of riparian trees diversity and water were sampled with three replication.Data were tabulated by statistical analyzed using cluster and Spearman correlation. The result showed that species richness ofriparian tree in spring water and its drains has found were 69 species belonging to 28 families. Moraceae was key family of natural riparian tree and almost all the spring and its drains (92.75 %) were grown by native trees except in Kediri. All observed spring were degrading comparing to the natural one in Meru Betiri National Park where trees grown in strata A to E, and shown a highest diversity index (H=3.2). All water spring were observed in high quality but water in its downstream become turbid depend on the quality of treesriparian diversity grown around spring waters. Quality of riparian diversity was strongly influenced by land use and human activities such as illegal logging, intensive agriculture, and settlement. There was a positive correlation between riparian tree diversity, water transparency and color, but it had a negative correlation with pH value of water.Low pH, high water transparency and colorless water were found in stations where we found high tree species richness, diversity index, riparian width and stratified of tree.Keywords: Diversity quality, riparian tree, spring water , water quality.
Organic Agroedu-Tourism Attractions Toward An Interesting Outdoor Environmental Education To Junior High School Students Ayu Raisa Khairun Nisa'; Setijono Samino; Endang Arisoesilaningsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate two organic agroedu-tourism attractions developed to 42 students of eight graders of three junior high schools in the village and one school in the city. Organic agroedu-tourism offers two tour programs namely Organic Garden Tour and Organic Farming Technology. Appreciations of the participants were determined by pre and post test after joining the organic agroedu-tourism. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. This study shows that 78.6 % of the participants prefer the Organic Garden Tour and 21.4% find that the Organic Farming Technology is better. Organic agroedu-tourism can improve cognitive aspect of participants from score 1 turned into 3. Most participants had a high interest in joining the organic egroedu-tourism. Organic agroedu-tourism is also able to meet the expectations of participants that are indicated by an increase in the skills and experience of participants from score 2 to 5. Satisfaction of the participants can also be assessed from the high appreciation average before and after joining Organic agroedu-tourism, which are score 4. The appreciation of the participant is shown by their willingness to invite other people to join. Factors affecting participants satisfaction were family background, socio-economy background, personal perception and knowledge. Based on the result, organic agroedu-tourism shows strength to develop the participants understanding, knowledge and skills in integrated organic farming system, even though not all participants are interested to join all programs provided. Farmer groups need to improve the quality of organic agroedu-tourism, for example, completing the facilities and agreed on tourism attractions, enhancing farmers skills as tour guide, providing organic agroedu-tourism program relevant to the school curriculum, and promoting it to public.
Morphological Variation of Six Pigmented Rice Local Varieties Grown in Organic Rice Field at Sengguruh Village, Kepanjen Subdistrict, Malang District Shinta Shinta; Serafinah Indriyani; Endang Arisoesilaningsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Indonesia is the third richest country for pigmented rice source. Morphological character of pigmented rice in Indonesia is less reported since recent publications and descriptions of pigmented rice are only limited to black rice of Cempo Ireng variety and red rice of Aek Sibundong variety. Pigmented rice varieties in Indonesia are cultivated in an organic way. These varieties are Wojalaka black rice of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Manggarai of NTT, Toraja of South Sulawesi, Cempo Ireng of Central Java and red rice of Aek Sibundong (leading variety) and Baubau of Southeast Sulawesi. The objective of research was to compare the morphological variation of root, stem, leaf, panicle, floret and the colour of milk mature grain and mature grain by observing the vegetative and generative parts of six local rice varieties. Research had been conducted from February 2012 to February 2014 in Sengguruh Village, Kepanjen District, Malang Regency. This study type was quasi-experiment with eleven replications. Group Random Design was used. The observation was given upon vegetative, reproductive and maturity phases as groups. Independent variables in this research were six rice varieties, while the dependent variable was morphological variation (root, stem, leaf, panicle, floret, milk mature grain and mature grain). The data of morphological variation were tabulated through MS Excel 2007 for windows. Descriptive data analysis was used to determine the average rate and the deviation standard of each variable. Data were analyzed by ANOVA at a cut off value of α of 0.05. It was followed by HSD Tukey Test facilitated by SPSS 16.0. The analysis of multivariate data in cluster and biplot was carried out with PAST. The result of the study indicated that there was morphological difference on stem, leaf, panicle, floret, milk mature grain and mature grain. The colour of the stem in Aek Sibundong variety was purple, while that of other varieties was green. Toraja and Manggarai varieties had the highest height with 163-168 cm, followed by Cempo Ireng with 139 cm, Wojalaka and Baubau with 110-112 cm. Aek Sibundong Variety had the lowest height with 99 cm. Aek Sibundong and Wojalaka varieties had 6-7 internodes which were the greatest number of internode, while other varieties only had 4-5 internodes. Some varieties, such as Aek Sibundong, Wojalaka and Baubau had short and small leaf. The leaflet angle of Aek Sibundong and Baubau were 140 and it might be said as upright, while that of Wojalaka was 430 or moderate. Cempo Ireng, Manggarai and Toraja had its 63-880 of the leaflet angle or it was said as flat. Cempo Ireng and Wojalaka were included into Rice Indica Group while Toraja, Manggarai, Cempo Ireng and Baubau belonged to Rice Javanica Group. There were two morphological groups. Group 1 included Toraja, Manggarai and Cempo Ireng, while Group 2 consisted of Aek Sibundong, Baubau and Wojalaka.
Using Benthic Diatom to Assess the Success of Batch Culture System Phytoremediation Process of Water Irrigation Catur Retnaningdyah; Endang Arisoesilaningsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 8 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.03.08

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Diatoms or phytobenthic are often used as bio-indicators of water quality in freshwater ecosystems such as rivers, but have never been used for monitoring the quality of artificial water ecosystems. The objective of this research is to use the diatom as a bioindicator for measurement the success of phytoremediation process of irrigation water that has status hyper-eutrophic and is polluted from organic materials using polyculture of various local hydromacrophytes through batch culture system. This experimental study was conducted in a greenhouse through planting some local emergent, submerged and floating leaf hydromacrophytes on a 30 L bucket with a given substrate from sand and gravel. The experiment used a completely randomized design with two treatment included phytoremediation model and control in the form of substrate without hydromacrophyte which repeated three times at the same time. The success of phytoremediation model was determined through some biotic diatoms indices (Percentage Pollution Tolerant Value/%PTV, Tropical Diatom Index/TDI and Shannon Wiener Diversity Index) as bioindicator and the improved water physics chemical quality on days 0, six, and 13 after incubation. The results showed that phytoremediation process using polyculture hydromacrophytes through batch culture system for 13 days significantly improving the quality of irrigation water. Based on some biotic diatom indices, the water was improved from heavily organic pollution to moderately organic pollution (%PTV), from hypereutrophic to become eutrophic (TDI) and from moderately polluted become slightly polluted (Shannon Wiener Diversity Index). This results also supported from water physico-chemical parameters. Poly-culture of some local hydromacrophytes for six days significantly decreased the organic matter content of irrigation water was reflected from the decrease concentration of Biochemical Oxygen Demand/BOD (14.79 mg/L to 3.61 mg/L), Total Suspended Solid/TSS (14.6 mg/L to 0.08 mg/L), turbidity (19.97 NTU to 1.46 NTU), nitrate (1.44 mg/L to 0.03 mg/L), orthophosphate (0.24 mg/L to 0.042 mg/L), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) (0.93 mg/L to 0.68 mg/L), and free chlorine (0.09 mg/L to 0.05 mg/L), while concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) decreased significantly 13 days after incubation from 48.3 mg/L to18.2 mg/L.
Study on the Phenology of Three Fruit Trees Species in Purwodadi Botanical Gardens, East Java, and Its Relationship with Mesoclimates Agung Sri Darmayanti; Ariffin; Budi Waluyo; Endang Arisoesilaningsih
Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika Vol. 29 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7226/jtfm.29.1.88

Abstract

Nowadays the study of phenology has taken an important contribution to climate change research. Therefore this study observed local fruit trees species collected in the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens (PBG); they were Flacourtia rukam (Zoll & Moritzi), Limonia acidissima L., and Manilkara kauki (L) Dubard. We used fruit phenology data from 2014 to 2018 as secondary data to describe the changes. We also observed the weekly phenology of flowering and fruiting for three years from 2019 to 2022. At the same time, mesoclimates components included precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature were daily recorded by the PBG weather station measurement. Data pairs were then analyzed by using a structural modeling of WarpPLS to determine the relationship among mesoclimates and phenology variables. Research showed that phenology of flowering and fruiting of F. rukam, L. acidisissima, and M. kauki was significantly shifted from 2014 to 2022, along with changes in rainfall patterns, maximum and minimum temperatures in the PBG. Based on the Friedman test, it was shown that the maximum and minimum temperatures significantly changed (p<0.05). Five months of mesoclimates were significant predictors and affected before the measurement of phenological flowering and fruiting of three species. High precipitation significantly reduced maximum temperature, and increased minimum temperature. The high precipitation reduced the probability of flowering and fruiting initiation, except for those of L. acidissima. Increasing maximum temperature reduced flower and fruit set of F. rukam and L. acidisissima, while it reduced flowering of L. acidissima. Furthermore, minimum temperature induced flowering, except in L. acidissima.
Mercury-resistant biofilm-forming bacteria and local plants in phytoremediation of small-scale gold mine tailings in Lombok Island, Indonesia Siska Nurfitriani; Endang Arisoesilaningsih; Yulia Nuraini
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 10, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2023.103.4305

Abstract

Small-scale gold mining is one of the sectors that contribute to the world's largest mercury contamination through the tailings it produces. Many efforts have been made to reduce mercury concentrations from tailings, one of which is by utilizing a combination of plants and bacteria. This study aims to analyze the combination of mercury-resistant biofilm-forming bacteria and local plants in the phytoremediation of small-scale gold mine tailings. This study used ten plant species divided into three groups and three biofilm-forming mercury-resistant bacteria (Bacillus toyonensis, Burkholderia cepacia, and Microbacterium chocolatum). Parameters observed included plant biomass, total chlorophyll, plant mercury content and media. The results showed that adding bacteria to each plant in the treatment had a different effect. Some plants with the addition of biofilm-forming bacteria had a higher wet weight than others. However, the addition of bacteria was not effective in increasing plant dry weight. The combination of biofilm-forming bacteria in the first and second plant groups reduced tailings mercury concentrations better than without the addition of bacteria. The combination of plants and bacteria in the third group gave higher media and plant mercury concentrations. This study shows that the addition of biofilm-forming bacteria can lead to increased remediation by plants. The second plant group treatment with a combination of P. indica, P. conjugatum, and S. sesban plants was the most effective in reducing tailings mercury content.
Next-Generation Sequencing of the Microbial Community Profile In Free-Range Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) Cecum from East Nusa Tenggara Province: Microbial community profile in free-range chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) cecum Eufrasia Reneilda Arianti Lengur; Yoga Dwi Jatmiko; Endang Arisoesilaningsih; Eko Widodo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.13.02.13

Abstract

Free-range chicken is livestock reared to support the humans' need for protein alongside its ritualistic use in traditional medicine to treat diseases. This study investigates the diversity of bacterial communities in the free-range chicken cecum reared in different East Nusa Tenggara Province localities comprising Sambi 1, Sambi 2 villages, Labuan Bajo, and Kupang City. The extracted chromosomal DNA was subjected to next-generation sequencing using the V3-V4 region primers. Results revealed that the Kupang chicken cecum had the highest total tags, while the Sambi 2 village recorded the lowest. Similarly, Sambi 2 chicken cecum exhibited the highest unique tags (6662) and OTUs number (1261), while the Kupang samples gave the lowest at 2550 and 745, respectively. The Shannon diversity index for bacterial diversity demonstrated that cecum samples from Labuan Bajo (5.679) were more diverse than Sambi 1 (5.378), Sambi 2 (5.653), and Kupang samples (3.77). The bacteria with the highest dominance index (0.935) was found in Sambi 2, while the lowest was observed in the Kupang samples (0.082). The three bacterial phyla showing the highest relative abundance were those from Sambi 1, Sambi 2, and Labuan Bajo cecum samples, comprising Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota.Conversely, the Kupang samples showed an abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Campilobacterota, compared to the Lactobacillus-dominated Kupang, Sambi 1, and Sambi 2 chicken cecum samples. The highest relative abundance for Bifidobacterium occurred in Sambi 1 and Sambi 2 chicken cecum samples, the Kupang samples were Campylobacter dominated, and Olsenella was abundant in the Labuan Bajo samples. Intriguingly, the bacterial composition in the tested chicken cecum samples largely comprised beneficial bacteria such as the lactic acid bacteria group. This bacterial group can be further characterized for obtaining probiotic cultures that could improve the health of free-range chickens.
Soil Properties and Macrofauna Community in a Converted Intensive Rice Field into an Organic Polyculture in Malang Regency, Indonesia: Soil Properties and Macrofauna Community in a Converted Intensive Rice Field Inayah, Durrotul; Mustafa, Irfan; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.01.13

Abstract

Farmers in Malang cultivated rice intensively since 2019 due to water availability but reduce yields. It might also reduce soil productivity and increase pest attacks, so the conversion field to organic polyculture was needed using sorghum and legumes. The research aims were to evaluate soil fauna dynamics and soil properties in the three, six, and 12 months after converting (mac) into organic polyculture. Soil and micro-climate factors were recorded including air temperature (°C), day length (hours), rainfall (mm), water content (%), organic matter content (%), electrical conductivity (mS.m-1), pH, and soil bulk density (g.cm-3). Soil macrofauna was sampled using hand sorting (20 x 20 x 10 cm) with five plots at each field. Identified soil macrofauna was used to determine the density, frequency, Important Value Index (IVI), Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'), Evenness Index (E), Simpson Dominance Index (D), Diversity t-test, and Indicator Species. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to analyze the interaction among abiotic factors and macrofauna using PAST 4.05. Results showed that the improvement of soil properties including soil organic matter and soil macrofauna was recorded at 6 mac compared to the intensive rice field, and continuously at 12 mac. The richness, diversity, and evenness of soil macrofauna taxa were higher in the converted field than in the intensive one due to organic polyculture. Moreover, we recorded a better proportion of detritivores and predators in the converted field after 12 months. Based on Indicator Species analysis, the dominant fire ants (Solenopsis sp.) in the intensive rice field might be considered as a potential indicator of unhealthy soil in the intensive rice fields. Whereas in the converted field the dominancy of these ants greatly decreased. We concluded that within 6 months conversion using the organic polyculture improved soil properties.
Assessment of Riparian Ecosystem Health in the Tamiang River, Aceh, Indonesia as Remains Habitat of Batagur borneoensis (Schlegel & Muller, 1844): Riparian Habitat Quality for Tuntong Laut (Batagur borneoensis) Saputra, Syifa; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang; Kurniawan , Nia; Retnaningdyah, Catur
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.13.03.10

Abstract

The riparian zone along the Tamiang River, Aceh Province, is an important habitat for the survival of the tuntong laut (Batagur borneoensis) which is already threatened with extinction. This study aims to evaluate the quality and role of the riparian zone as a habitat for B. borneoensis along the Tamiang River, which can then be used as a reference in conservation. Riparian habitat quality was assessed by calculating the Qualitat del Bosc de Ribera (QBR) index, which was determined based on the total riparian cover, cover structure, cover quality, and channel alteration. In addition, observations of water quality (salinity, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen (DO)) and the number of riparian vegetation species were also carried out. Monitoring was carried out at five stations: Iyu River, Kampung Baru, Batang Lawang, Pusong Kapal Dermaga, and Pusong Kapal. The results showed variations in water quality between locations with DO and turbidity levels exceeding the quality standards set by the government. The richness of the types of riparian vegetation found ranged from 0-8 species (seedlings), 2-7 species (saplings), and 1-4 species (poles). The quality of riparian habitats in all study locations experienced significant degradation, including the euhemerobic and polyhemerobic (Hemeroby) categories, Cultural assisted system and Semi-transformed system (Naturalness), and Extreme degradation to poor-fair quality (QBR). The presence of B. borneoensis in the research location can adapt to the poor quality of riparian habitat. However, the density decreases significantly at higher salinity.
Co-Authors Abban Putri Fiqa Abinurizzaman, Rakhmad Achmad Rinaldo Fernandes , Adji Achmad Riyanto Adji Ahmad Rinaldo Fernandes Agung Sri Darmayanti Aksita Ayunareswara Amalia Fadhila Rahma Amalia Fadhila Rahma Amalia Fadhila Rahma, Amalia Fadhila Amin Setyo Leksono Amin Setyo Leksono Anak Agung Ayu Putri Indra Pratiwi Anggarwanto, Wahyu Anshari, Muhammad Fadhil Ariffin Aris Candra Gunanjar Aulia Rahman El-Arif Ayu Putri Ariska Ayu Raisa Khairun Nisa' Ayu Raisa Khairun Nisa’ Ayu Raisa Khairun Nisa’ Ayunareswara, Aksita Azizah, Intan N. Bagyo Yanuwiadi Bagyo Yanuwiadi Bagyo Yanuwiadi Bagyo Yanuwiadi Beauty Laras Setia Pertiwi Budi Waluyo Budiman Burhanuddin, Achmad Dadang Candra Dewi Catur Retnaningdyah Chatarina Gradict Semiun Daru Setyo Rini Daru Setyo Rini Didik Suprayogo Dinda Azalia Dinda Azalia Donny Harisuseno Donny Harisuseno Dwi Yulianingsih Dyah Ayu Fajarianingtyas Eko Widodo El-Arif, Aulia Rahman Eufrasia Reneilda Arianti Lengur Fadhil Anshari, Muhammad Faruq, Muhammad Khalid Fernandes, Adji Achmad Rinaldo G I Wahyudi Gunanjar, Aris Candra Hanin Niswatul Fauziah Hanin Niswatul Fauziah Haryati, Jehan Ramdani Herawati Herawati Hidayatullah, M H I Gusti Bagus Wiksuana Inayah, Durrotul Intan N. Azizah Irfan Mustafa Jehan Ramdani Haryati KARTIKA DEWI, YUNI Khairun Nisa', Ayu Raisa Khinanty, Retno Dewi Kurniatun Hairiah Kurniawan , Nia Kurniawan Sigit Wicaksono Lailatul Mufarida Lailatul Mufarida, Lailatul Laksono Trisnantoro Leni Agustina Leni Agustina Liliani, Rosa Lina Mariantika linda deviana cristanti Luchman Hakim M H Hidayatullah Muhammad Khalid Faruq Muhammad Yusuf MUHAMMAD YUSUF Muhammad Yusuf N.N R. Putra Natalia, Depi Ngakan Made Suastika Nisa', Ayu Raisa Khairun Nudia Mella Pratikasari Nurhidayati Nurhidayati Pradana, Silvy Armydiyanti Pratikasari, Nudia Mella Purfita Asmaranti Purfita Asmaranti Putra, N.N R. Putra, Yandha Carbela Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Rakhmad Abinurizzaman Reni Indarwati Reni Ustiatik Retno Dewi Khinanty Risaundi, Dodi Rosa Liliani Rufaidah Nur Baiti S Soemarno Sany, Zainul Muttaqin Saputra, Syifa Sativandi Riza Serafinah Indriyani Serafinah Indriyani Serafinah Indriyani Seran, Yoseph Nahak Setijono Samino Setijono Samino Setijono Samino Setyo Leksono, Amin Shinta Shinta Shinta Shinta Sholifatul Liliana Azmi Sianturi, Riswan Silvy Armydiyanti Pradana Sinuraya, Sabarita Siska Nurfitriani Soemarno Soemarno Solimun, Solimun Sri Rahayu Utami Suastika, Ngakan Made Suharjono Suharjono Suharjono, Suharjono Suwondo Suwondo Syahrul Kurniawan Syamsu Ridzal Indra Hadi Tiara Ayu Pratiwi Tiara Ayu Pratiwi Titut Yulistyarini Wahyu Anggarwanto Wahyudi, G I Wayan Firdaus Mahmudy Wimbaningrum, Retno Yandha Carbela Putra Yoga Dwi Jatmiko Yulia Nuraini