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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Jurnal Media Infotama Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Kinetika Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi Indonesia Teknika Sains : Jurnal Ilmu Teknik Jurnal Teknologi Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS) Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal JURNAL TEKNOLOGI PANGAN DAN ILMU PERTANIAN (JIPANG) Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Teknik (JURRITEK) Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Serambi Engineering J-CEKI Jurnal Teknologi Riset Terapan
Erwana Dewi
Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Analisis Karakteristik Pulp Campuran Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Pelepah Pisang dengan Pelarut NaOH Sari Rizky Amelia; Muhammad Yerizam; Erwana Dewi
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol 1 No 10 (2021): JPTI - Oktober 2021
Publisher : CV Infinite Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52436/1.jpti.91

Abstract

Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) merupakan limbah padatan yang dihasilkan dari proses pembuatan minyak kelapa sawit yang selulosa (45,95%), kadar abu (1,23%), hemiselulosa (22,84%), kadar air (3,74%) dan lignin (16,49%). Pelepah pisang mempunyai kandungan selulosa yang tinggi akan tetapi belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal yang memiliki kandungan densitas ( 1,35 gr/cm3), selulosa (63 -64 %), hemiselulosa (20 %), lignin (5%), kekuatan Tarik rata-rata (600 Mpa), modulus tarik rata-rata (17,85 Gpa), pertambahan panjang (3,36 %), diameter serat (5,8 µm), serta panjang serat (30,9240 cm). Namun bahan-bahan ini mempunyai karakteristik dan sifat fisika kimia yang berbeda-beda. Karakteristik menjadikan perlunya analisa agar menghasilkan pulp yang diinginkan berada pada kondisi optimal. Beberapa parameter yang diukur di antaranya, konsentrasi larutan NaOH dengan variasi 7% dan 9%, dengan variasi bahan baku 40-60% serta waktu pemasakan dengan variasi waktu 75, 90, 105, 120 dan 135 menit. Sehingga pada penelitian ini didapatkan kondisi optimumnya yakni pada rasio 40:60, dengan konsentrasi 9% dan waktu pemasakan selama 120 menit didapatkan nilai kadar lignin 11,21% dan kadar selulosa 68,94%. Oil palm empty fruit bunches or TKKS are solid wastes produced from the process of making palm oil which are cellulose (45.95%), ash content (1.23%), hemicellulose (22.84%), water content (3.74 %) and lignin (16.49%). Banana midrib has a high cellulose content but has not been used optimally which contains density (1.35 g/cm3), cellulose (63 -64 %), hemicellulose (20 %), lignin (5%), average tensile strength. average (600 Mpa), average tensile modulus (17.85 Gpa), increase in length (3.36%), fiber diameter (5.8 m), and fiber length (30,9240 cm). However, these materials have different physicochemical characteristics and properties. The characteristics make the need for analysis in order to produce the desired pulp in optimal conditions. Several parameters were measured including the concentration of NaOH solution with variations of 7% and 9%, with variations of raw materials 40-60% and cooking time with variations of 75, 90, 105, 120 and 135 minutes. So that in this study the optimum conditions were obtained, namely at a ratio of 40:60, with a concentration of 9% and cooking time for 120 minutes, the lignin content was 11.21% and the cellulose content was 68.94%.
PEMANFAATAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DALAM PROSES PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK PADAT Muhammad Yerizam; Erwana Dewi; Abu Hasan; Muhammad Ridho Triadi; Nyayu Fia Atindu; Sari Rizky Amelia
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol 1 No 11 (2021): JPTI - November 2021
Publisher : CV Infinite Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52436/1.jpti.121

Abstract

Kompos merupakan jenis pupuk yang berasal dari hasil akhir penguraian sisasisa hewan maupun tumbuhan yang berfungsi sebagai penyuplai unsur hara tanah sehingga dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki tanah secara fisik, kimiawi, maupun biologis. Pada proses pengomposan dapat terjadi secara aerobik atau anaerobik. Pada penelitian kali ini menggunakan proses aerobic (mikroba menggunakan oksigen dalam proses dekomposisi bahan organic). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan pupuk organic padat dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit, dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi MOL yakni, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% dan 30%. Sehingga didapatkan kadar N tertinggi pada konsentrasi 10% yakni 0,150 mg/l, kadar P sebesar 0,151 mg/l pada konsentrasi 10% dan Kadar K sebesar 354,253 mg/l pada konsentrasi 15%.
The Oxygenated Drinking Water Erwana Dewi
KINETIKA Vol. 13 No. 01 (2022): KINETIKA 01032022
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Oxygen is an essential substance for humans, available in the air and can be freely enjoyed. At present, oxygen is not only supplied through the respiratory system, but is also supplied through the digestive system. The alternative is to supply oxygen through drinking water. In this research the design process will be carried out to produce drinking water that contains oxygen, or oxygenated drinking water. The process to make drinking water by using the membrane RO (Reverse Osmosis) and the processed by injecting oxygen using Aquatic Oxygenator. In the procesess of the RO membran and the Aquatic Oxygenator has oxygen as 100 ppm optimum in drinking water. The effect of oxygenization time and temperature on oxygen levels is the dissolved oxygen content in drinking water does not increase significantly, only in the range of 100-113.4 ppm. When the oxygenization temperature increases, the solubility of oxygen in water decreases. The effect of drinking water volume and oxygenation time on dissolved oxygen levels in water  the dissolved oxygen level reaches 100 ppm, and continues with oxygenation, the measurement number does not change.
COFFEE AIR FRESHENER GEL PRODUCTION BASED ON KAPPA CARRAGEENAN, XANTHAN GUM, AGAR-AGAR WITH PATCHOULI OIL ADDITION Rahma Aji Kurniawan; Siti Khodijah; Erwana Dewi; Taufik Jauhari
KINETIKA Vol. 13 No. 02 (2022): KINETIKA 01072022
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Air freshener products on the market generally use synthetic fragrances that are harmful to health. Air fresheners can be made from natural ingredients based on kappa carrageenan, xanthan gum, and agar, using coffee oil as a fragrance with and patchouli oil as a natural fixative can be aromatherapy to relieve stress and stimulate optimal brain performance. This research aims to obtain the best composition of kappa carrageenan, xanthan gum, agar and patchouli oil concentrations by comparing the research products with air freshener gel sample of commercial product. The method used is by varying the composition of kappa carrageenan, xanthan gum, and agar as a gelling agent;concentrations ofgelling agent 4 - 6% w / w; and concentration of patchouli oil 0 – 1.5%. Product analisys includes: gel strength, gel syneresis, gel viscosity at 80oC, moisture content, liquid evaporation and weight loss tests, GC-MS analysis, aroma retention test, and hedonic test. The fragrance gel product produced from a mixture of kappa carrageenan, xanthan gum, and agar with a ratio of 2: 1: 1 at concentration gelling agent 6% had the lowest syneresis 0.48% and gel strength 937.1891 gf / cm2. The addition of patchouli oil which was the most effective in maintaining fragrance, with the smallest total evaporation and weight loss was 1.5% and was quite favored by the panelists.
PENGOLAHAN CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) MENJADI MINYAK SAWIT MERAH (MSM) MENGGUNAKAN FILTER BATUAN ZEOLIT, MEMBRAN KERAMIK DAN CARTRIDGE FILTER: PENGOLAHAN CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) MENJADI MINYAK SAWIT MERAH (MSM) MENGGUNAKAN FILTER BATUAN ZEOLIT, MEMBRAN KERAMIK DAN CARTRIDGE FILTER Yudis Afrizal; Erwana Dewi; Mustain Zamhari
KINETIKA Vol. 13 No. 03 (2022): KINETIKA 01112022
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

In the manufacture of red palm oil using zeolite rock filtration, ceramic membranes and cartridge filters.Natural zeolite that can separate two or more phases of substances by using a porous ceramic membrane which is intended to separate the particles in Crude Palm Oil later. In the design of supporting tools in the manufacture of red palm oil using ceramic membrane filtration and Zeolite rocks include: CPO Filter, Stirrer, Coagulator, Stove, Circulation Pump, Zeolite Rock, Ceramic Membrane, Filter Cartridge, and Red Palm Oil Product Tank. For the treatment in this experiment, 0.1 ml of sulfuric acid and 250 ml of sodium hydroxide were added as degumming and neutralization with variations in time (2, 4, 6 minutes) and temperature (40℃, 60℃ and 80℃) with an operating pressure of 5 bar. In the results of red palm oil products, it was found that the Fatty Acids free and the peroxide value exceeds the standard of red palm oil sold in the market. The effect of the flux obtained decreases because the pores in the ceramic membrane begin to become clogged so that the volume of permeate that comes out of the oil sample decreases. The rejection obtained in this study made the rejection data increase and the beta carotene produced decreased. The results showed that the temperature of 60℃ is the optimum temperature in red palm oil research.
Pemanfaatan Ampas Tebu dan Kulit Jagung sebagai Bahan Baku Pulp dengan Proses Organosolv Adelia Rahmayanti; Muhammad Yerizam; Erwana Dewi
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol 2 No 8 (2022): JPTI - Agustus 2022
Publisher : CV Infinite Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52436/1.jpti.196

Abstract

Pemanfaatan ampas tebu dan kulit jagung sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pulp dikarenakan memiliki kandungan selulosa yang tinggi sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif bahan baku pengganti kayu. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui potensi ampas tebu dan kulit jagung sebagai bahan baku pengganti kayu dalam pembuatan pulp. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian berupa preparasi bahan baku, proses pulping organosolv. Sedangkan analisis yang digunakan berupa analisis bahan baku dan analisis pulp yang terdiri dari analisa kadar selulosa, kadar lignin dan kadar air. Proses yang digunakan dalam penelitian berupa proses organosolv dengan pelarut berupa asam formiat : asam asetat : air dengan variasi bahan baku (10:90; 30:70; 50:50; 70:30; 90:10 %w/w) dan waktu pemasakan (60, 90, 120 menit). Hasil penelitian didapatkan kondisi optimum pada waktu pemasakan 120 menit dan rasio bahan baku 10:90 didapatkan kadar selulosa 70%, kadar lignin 11% dan kadar air 10%.
Pemurnian Minyak Sawit Merah Menggunakan Filter Bentonit dan Membran Keramik Vina Oktarianti; Erwana Dewi; Robert Junaidi
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol 2 No 10 (2022): JPTI - Oktober 2022
Publisher : CV Infinite Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52436/1.jpti.220

Abstract

Minyak Sawit mentah (Crude Palm Oil) adalah minyak kasar yang diperoleh dengan cara ekstraksi daging buah sawit dan mempunyai karakter yang belum layak makan karena masih banyak mengandung kotoran terlarut dan tidak terlarut dalam minyak.  Minyak sawit merah adalah minyak sawit yang diperoleh tanpa melalui proses pemucatan (bleaching) tujuannya mempertahankan kandungan karotenoidnya. Membran keramik dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif media filter untuk pengolahan minyak sawit khususnya minyak sawit merah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan melakukan inovasi proses dalam pemurnian MSM menggunakan filter bentonit dan membran keramik serta mengetahui karakteristik produk minyak sawit merah yang dihasilkan. Proses pemurnian dengan filter terdiri dari bentonit , membran keramik, dan cartridge dilakukan pada tekanan 5 bar dengan variasi suhu 50oC, 60oC, 70oC dengan waktu penampungan permeat tiap 2 menit.  Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai fluks tertinggi pada suhu 50oC yaitu 54,420 L/m2.jam. Membran keramik ini mampu merejeksi kandungan ?-karoten sebesar 27,140 % sedangkan rejeksi asam lemak bebas tertinggi sebesar 2,627%.  Produk terbaik minyak sawit merah yang dihasilkan  memiliki densitas 0,9263 g/ml, viskositas 15,54 cp, kadar air 0,020%, ALB 6,099%, bilangan peroksida 5,984 mEk/kg dan ?-karoten 766,057 ppm. Namun produk yang dihasilkan masih belum memenuhi standar MSM yang dijual dipasaran karena kandungan yang terdapat didalam produk minyak sawit merah masih tinggi terutama pada kandungan asam lemak bebas dan bilangan peroksida.
Processing Rumbia Starch Into Glucose Powder by Enzymatic Hydrolysis with Optimum Saccharification Temperature Joan Nasya Alzena; Erwana Dewi; Robert Junaidi
Jurnal Teknologi Vol 23, No 2 (2023): Oktober 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/teknologi.v23i2.4269

Abstract

Glucose powder is glucose in solid form which has the main component of glucose syrup obtained from starch hydrolysis, including sago from rumbia starch. As the population increases, it increases consumption of sugar as a sweetener for basic necessities such as food and drinks, the purposes of this research is identifying the optimum temperature for saccharification of the glucose powder produced from the enzyme hydrolysis process. This research used an enzyme hydrolysis process with the stages of gelatinization, liquification and saccharification for 72 hours with variations in temperature of 40°C, 50°C, 60°C and 70°C and obtained the optimum temperature results from these four temperatures. The optimal saccharification temperature is achieved by incubating at 50°C and 60°C with an incubation time of 72 hours or 3 days
Preparation of NaOH/CaO Superbase Catalysts from Limestone for the Biodiesel Production Sintia Muharani; Mustain Zamhari; Erwana Dewi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i3.72750

Abstract

Kebutuhan energi yang semakin meningkat menuntut penemuan energi baru dan terbarukan, salah satunya adalah biodiesel dari minyak tanaman atau lemak hewan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan biodiesel alternatif dari minyak jelantah melalui reaksi transesterifikasi menggunakan katalis CaO modifikasi. Proses preparasi katalis CaO dari batu kapur melibatkan kalsinasi pada suhu 700°C, 800°C, dan 900°C. Katalis CaO superbasa diperoleh dengan perendaman dalam larutan amonium karbonat dan dipanaskan kembali pada suhu 900°C. Penelitian ini mencakup uji coba dengan variasi waktu dan suhu reaksi untuk memahami peran katalis dalam proses pembuatan biodiesel. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa katalis yang dikalsinasi pada suhu 900°C selama 4 jam memberikan hasil paling optimal, dengan intensitas 1656,88 yang mengindikasikan dominasi senyawa CaO. Penggunaan katalis CaO superbasa menghasilkan biodiesel dengan konversi mencapai 99,9% dan kadar ester mencapai 98,82%-99,07%. Biodiesel yang dihasilkan memenuhi standar SNI untuk densitas dan titik nyala, namun viskositas masih berada di bawah standar. Analisis kinetika reaksi transesterifikasi menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi reaksi dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan katalis CaO modifikasi. Prosedur percobaan juga meliputi penentuan kandungan asam lemak bebas pada minyak jelantah, yang berhasil memenuhi standar industri dengan FFA maksimal 1%. Selain itu, yield biodiesel dipengaruhi oleh perbandingan mol minyak terhadap metanol dan konsentrasi katalis.
Pengolahan Pati Rumbia menjadi Serbuk Glukosa secara Hidrolisis Enzimatis dengan Variasi Perbandingan Pati dan Air, Suhu Evaporasi, dan Suhu Pengeringan Az’zahrah, Nandyta Rizqi; Dewi, Erwana; Yerizam, Muhammad
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.13327

Abstract

Glucose is a simple sugar that can be used as an sucrose alternative. Rumbia starch is rich in carbohydrates and abundant in Indonesia, potentially being used as a raw material for the production of glucose powder. The process involves starch hydrolysis, evaporation, and drying. The purpose of this study was to obtain optimal conditions of reducing sugar content, evaporation, and drying temperature based on variations in starch and water ratio (1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6), evaporation temperature (100 °C and 115 °C), and drying temperature (50 °C, and 70 °C). From this study, the optimal ratio of starch and water was 1:4 with a reduced sugar content of 99,77%. The optimal evaporation temperature was 115 °C, the brix content obtained is 85%, and the optimal drying temperature was 70°C, the water content obtained is 3,60%. Based on SNI of glucose, the glucose powder products meet the standard for water content and ash content. However, only in the ratio of starch and water 1:4 and 1:5, the reducing sugar content met the SNI of glucose.
Co-Authors A.S, Putu Yoga Abdurrahman, RM Arif Abu Hasan Abu Hasan Adelia Rahmayanti Adis Aisyah Amini Akbar, Kiki Amin, Jaksen M. Anerasari M Anerasari Meidinariasty Anerasari Meidinariasty Anerasari, Anerasari Anhar Anhar Az’zahrah, Nandyta Rizqi Dadang S Manaf Dytha Florenza Fadia, Dinda Gading Ananda Putra Pratama INDAH PURNAMASARI Indah Purnamasari Indah Purnamasari Ir. M.T Erlinawati Irawan, Dewanda Jaksen M.A Joan Nasya Alzena Jonathan P Silalahi Julyantiya, Robby Try Kurniawan, Belly Maryani, Andini Mentari, Inez Artemisia Muhammad Ridho Triadi Muhammad Yerizam Muhammad Yerizam Mustain Zamhari Mustain Zamhari Mustain Zamhari Nabillah, Afrah Ningsih, Sintya Nyayu Fia Atindu Nyayu Fia Atindu Putri, Astri Oktaviana Rahma Aji Kurniawan Riki Wahyudi, Riki Riko, Muhamad Robert Junaidi Robert Junaidi Robert Junaidi Sari Rizky Amelia Sari Rizky Amelia Selastia Yuliati Selastia Yuliati Sintia Muharani SITI KHODIJAH Taufik Jauhari Vina Oktarianti Vinni Nursyifah Wijaya, Olvie Zahroh Yudis Afrizal Yuliani, Aliyah Yuniar Yuniar Yuniar Zain, Raina Khoirunisa