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All Journal BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ) International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Bali Journal of Anesthesiology Oceana Biomedicina Journal ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine OISAA Journal of Indonesia Emas Bali Dental Journal Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Jurnal Widya Medika Folia Medica Indonesiana

Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati

Dapertemen Mikrobiologi Klinik, FK UNUD Universitas Udayana, Denpasar

Author-ID : 256297

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Rapid Detection Of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococci Using Multiplex PCR With Boiling Method For DNA Isolation Ida Bagus Gede Adiguna Wibawa; Agus Eka Darwinata; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati; Nyoman Sri Budayanti
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine Vol 1 No 2 (2017): JHSM (September 2017)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is Staphylococcus aureus that has become insusceptible or resistant by methicillin antibiotic types. Rapid identification of MRSA is essential for early initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this research is to reduce the cost and time needed for multiplex PCR in rapid detection of MRSA by finding an alternative method for DNA which is boiling method. DNA isolation was performed with boiling method and kit commercial. The kit method takes time approximately 45 minutes while boiling takes only about 12 minutes. PCR result with boiling technique used in DNA isolation formed amplification bands of 16S rRNA, mecA , and nuc in MRSA and 16S rRNA and nuc in MSSA. Conclusion can be drawn that boiling method can be used as an alternative method for DNA extraction.

INTRODUKSI PENGOLAHAN YOGURT DRINK DARI SUSU KAMBING DAN SARI BUAH NANAS DI DESA SEPANG BUSUNG BIU BULELENG I.N. Sujaya; K.A. Nocianitri; N.N.D. Fatmawati; N.W.A. Utami; I.D.P.K. Pratiwi; Y. Ramona
Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Vol 21 No 3 (2022): Buletin Udayana Mengabdi
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Goat milk is produced by Tunas Mekar Goat farmer grout located at Sepang Village, Busungbisu, Buleleng. This product is highly potent to improve the income of the local farmers. Nevertheless, the use of goat milk as raw material for foods products is still limited. This program aimed to find out possible utilization of goat milk produced by local farmers at Sepang Village for the production varies of food products. Goat odors are the main problem in goat milk-based food products especially goat milk set-yogurt. Thus, the production of drink yogurt with the addition of pineapple juice is a promising technology to overcome goat odors in goat milk yogurt. This program was undertaken through sequential steps such as knowledge building of the housewives (the target population in this program) followed by training in yogurt making, drink yogurt making as well as product packaging and labeling. All programs were performed well as indicated by the active involvement of the participants. Throughout this program, the goat milk farmers group and housewives are now capable to produce drink yogurt to improve the value-added of their local produce goat milk, which possibly increase their economic income. Keywords: Goat milk, pineapple, Sepang, yogurt drink

Pemberian antibiotik cefotaxime dengan konsentrasi sublethal pada isolat Klebsiella pnuemoniae yang resisten terhadap ampicilin menginduksi Multi Drug Resisten (MDR) Gema Zakharian; Dewa Made Sukrama; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 9 No. 1 (2018): (Available online: 1 April 2018)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Antibiotic resistance causes frequent infections to be difficult to treat and may aggravate the condition of infected patients which are requiring longer and more expensive antibiotic therapy. Klebsiella sp. is the most potential germ that causes nosocomial infections in the hospital. Klebsiella sp. which resulted a positive ESBL being perceived to directly exacerbate public health problems and become the center of attention in some countries, including Europe and America. Methods: This study used 32 repetitions with Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate obtained from Clinical Microbiology Installation of Sanglah General Hospital. Isolate was divided into two groups, the first group was not given the treatment of cefotaxime with sublethal concentration and the second group was given the treatment of cefotaxime with sublethal concentration. Resutls: The results of the treatment were tested by Pearson Chi Square method with the result that cefotaxime treatment with sublethal concentration significantly caused resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate and was proved by p value of 0.014 (p <0.05). Conclusions: Antibiotic test results using Vitex found isolates Klebsiella pneumoniae are resistant to more than two antibiotics and isolates are also germs that have Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL).

Kondisi optimal PCR untuk mendeteksi gen FimH isolat klinis Escherichia coli penyebab infeksi saluran kemih Prisela Zharaswati; Ni Nyoman Sri Budayanti; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): (Available online: 1 August 2019)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infectious diseases and the second most common infection after respiratory tract infection. Bacteria are the most common cause of urinary tract infections in more than 95% of cases. Escherichia coli is the most common bacteria that found in 80-90% of cases of urinary tract infection. The critical virulence factor of Escherichia coli is the type 1 fimbriae with the adhesion subunit, fimH, plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection.Aim: The research aims to obtain the optimal condition of PCR in detecting the fimH gene with modification of annealing temperature in the PCR process.Method: This study used a sample of fimH DNA genes from clinical isolates of E. coli causing UTI. The second PCR used an annealing temperature of 57Â°C and a third PCR using an annealing temperature of 64Â°C. The electrophoresis results are then viewed with an ultraviolet transilluminator. Result: The optimization finding showed that the annealing temperature of 52 Â°C, 57 Â° C, and 64Â°C could detect the fimH gene where the higher the temperature used by Tm, the less the specificity produced.Conclusion: The optimum annealing temperature of PCR to identify the fimH gene from E.coli causes the UTI is in the temperature of 64Â°C with better specificity than of 52Â°C. The annealing temperature of 64Â°C indicates the lowest specificity.

Karakteristik pasien dengan infeksi Burkholderia cepacia di RSUP Sanglah pada tahun 2014-2016 Dea Antariksa; Ni Nyoman Sri Budayanti; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): (Available online 1 April 2019)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of 17 species that are genetically and phenotypically similiar. Bcc is an opportunistic pathogen in which it will cause an infection in a person who has had a previous severe lung infection or a person with a weak immune system. Objective: This study aims to determine the characteristics of Burkholderia cepacia compleks patients at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar period 2014-2016 Sanglah Hospital. Methods: This was an observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional study design and a retrospective approach. The subjects were 29 patients diagnosed with Burkholderia Cepacia bacteria and performed bacterial culture at Sanglah Hospital on January 1, 2014 s.d. December 31, 2016. The research data is secondary data obtained from the book Microbiology section Sanglah Hospital. Results: The results showed that patients with isolated Burkholderia cepacia who were admitted to Sanglah Hospital consisted mostly of 37.9% old age categories (> 50 years) and adults (18-50 years); 65.5% male sex and 34.5% female gender; 62.1% were admitted to the ICU; 24.1% were diagnosed with sepsis;

Identifikasi Salmonella spp pada feses penjamah makanan di rumah potong ayam RJ dengan metode kultur Komang Aditya Arya Prayoga; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): (Available online: 1 December 2018)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Latar Belakang: Tifoid merupakan penyakit yang sering menyerang anak- anak dan dewasa yang memiliki sanitasi yang buruk khususnya pada penjamah makanan dan persediaan air minum. Tifoid merupakan penyakit sistemik yang disebabkan oleh bakteri memiliki onset perlahan dengan gejala demam, sakit kepala berat, malaise, anoreksia, batuk tidak produktif pada tahap awal bradikardi yang relatif, splenomegaly, dan rasa tidak nyaman pada daerah abdomen. Penyebab tifoid ialah salmonella typh yang merupakan bakteri gram negative.Metode: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencegah penyeberan infeksi salmonella dikalangan masyarakat, dengan cara metode kultur bakteri di media agar salmonella-shigella, mac conkey, dan agar xylolse lysine deoxycholate. Hasil: Didapatkan hasil dari total 30 sampel feses penjamah makanan yang di uji pada penelitian ini, dari ketiga media agar didapatkan hasil kultur positif pada 6 sampel dan hasil kultur negative 22 sampel, dan sampel hilang sebanyak 2.Simpulan: Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dan angka kejadian pneumonia pada pasien anak yang dirawat di SMF Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Sanglah.

Deteksi molekuler mecA pada isolat klinis methycilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) dengan menggunakan teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR) di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar Putu Ayu Utami Prajawaty; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): (Available online: 1 December 2018)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Introduction: MRSA is a bacteria that has experienced resistance to antibiotics, which generally has a function in killing Staphylococcus aureus, for the example Methicillin. In the worldwide MRSA prevalence is increasing, while the factors that cause the increase of the prevalence of MRSA is increasing the length of time of treatment in hospital, the misuse of antibiotics and poor infection control in the hospital. Laboratory tests were good and accurate were needed to identify MRSA as soon as possible so as to enable to conduct appropriate infection control. The aim of this study was to determine that the PCR can be used to confirm MRSA isolates.Methods: This study used a cross sectional design on all isolated Staphylococcus aureus isolates from all clinical specimens examined at the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar from 2011 until 2012.Results: A total of 38 samples were used, 32 (84.2%) positive S. aureus confirmed mecA genes using PCR technique. However, there are still 15.8% who are misidentified, where the possibility of the bacteria is not MRSA or the retrieval technique from the bacteria itself when conducting the research.Conclusion: MecA gene examination using PCR method is an examination that can be used to detect MRSA bacteria.Â

Mean platelet volume count as a risk factor for bloodstream infection in Pediatric Ward Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia Ni Putu Wirantari; I Wayan Gustawan; Made Gede Dwilingga Utama; Bagus Ngurah Putu Arhana; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati; Ni Made Adi Tarini
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): (Available online: 1 April 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a potentially interesting parameter in predicting bacteremia in patients admitted with suspected community-acquiredÂ infections. The incidence of bacteremia, defined as the presence of viable bacteria in the bloodstream, in patients who were being admitted to hospital. Multiple recent studies have confirmed that low-level bacteremia is more common than previously thought, occurring in 38% to 68% of all pediatric patients with a positive blood culture. The mortality rate is 25%â€“30%, increases to 50% when associated with severe sepsis. The objective of this study is to investigate whether MPV as a risk factor for bloodstream infection.Methods: This was a hospital-based case-control study, review of the medical record from January 2016 until December 2018. We collect age, gender, MPV, platelet and blood culture. We analyze the association between MPV to bloodstream infection.Result: Between January 1st 2016 and December 31st 2018, there were 86 patients with positive blood cultures and 89 negative blood cultures. In the case group, there were 48 (53.9%) male and 41 (46.1%) female subjects, while in the control group there were 63 (73.3%) male and 23 (26.1%) female subjects. The median age for case group was 14 months while the median age for control group was 23 months. From the ROC curve, the optimal cutoff value for MPV was determined as 5.59. The odd ratio determined the relationship between MPV to blood stream infection was 2,26 with 95% CI 1.13-4.52. The adjusted odds ratio was 2.24 95% CI (1.10-4.57). The majority diagnosis was pneumonia (46.1%) in case group then early onset neonatal sepsis (28.1%) and meningitis (7.9%).Conclusion: The MPV â‰¥5.59 is a risk factor for developed bloodstream infection. This result can be used as a cutoff point to initially administered antibiotic to prevent the worse prognosis (sepsis, multiple organ failure, and death).

Pengaruh pemberian kombinasi ekstrak etanol bunga Tahi Kotok (Tagetes erecta l.) dan daun Jamblang (Syzygium cumini l.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) dan Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa secara Kadek Tresna Yuwana; I Dewa Made Sukrama; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): (Available online : 1 April 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Introduction: The increasing number of resistance cases of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MRPA) to common antibiotics has called the need for new modalities to combat these resistance problems. The ingredients that are thought to influence the growth of MRSA and MRPA are Tahi Kotok flowers (T. erecta) and Jamblang leaves (S. cumini). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the combined Tahi Kotok flowers and Jamblang leaves ethanol extract on the growth of MRSA and MRPA bacteria.Methods: The research was conducted as a true experimental design using a post test only control group design. The combination of ethanol extract in several concentrations (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) were tested on MRSA ATCC 3351 bacteria and MRPA bacteria cultured on agar media. The data obtained are the results of laboratory observations with the disk diffusion methods which are then statistically analyzed parametrically using the SPSS application which is shown as mean ± SEM.Results: The inhibitory activity of T. erecta flower extract with MRSA and MRPA bacteria was found. The largest inhibition zone diameter was at 75% extract concentration, with inhibition zones of 17.25 ± 1.25 cm and 11.25 ± 0.50 cm, respectively. The largest inhibition zone of S. cumini leaf experiment with MRSA bacteria was at concentration of 75 percent, which resulted in a 9.50 ± 0.57 cm inhibition diameter. In MRPA bacteria, however, there was no inhibition zone. At a concentration of 75 percent, the combination of T. erecta flower extract and S. cumini leaf had the highest inhibitory activity against MRSA bacteria, but had no inhibitory activity against MRPA bacteria.Conclusion: The concentration of extract combination in 96% ethanol influences the diameter of the MRSA inhibition zone, whereas in MRPA no inhibition zones were generated from this in vitro experiments. Latar Belakang: Meningkatnya kasus resistensi bakteri Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) dan Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MRPA) terhadap antibiotik menyebabkan perlunya modalitas baru sebagai potensi untuk mengatasi masalah resistensi tersebut. Salah satu bahan yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan MRSA dan MRPA adalah bunga Tahi Kotok (T. erecta) dan daun Jamblang (S. cumini). Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk melihat adanya pengaruh kombinasi ekstrak etanol bunga Tahi Kotok dan daun Jamblang terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri MRSA dan MRPA.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan true experimental post test only control group design. Kombinasi ekstrak etanol dalam beberapa konsentrasi (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) diujikan pada bakteri MRSA ATCC 3351 dan MRPA yang dikultur pada media agar. Data yang diperoleh merupakan hasil pengamatan laboratorium dengan metode disk diffusion yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara statistik dengan statistik parametrik menggunakan aplikasi SPSS untuk menghitung nilai mean ± SEM. Hasil: Pada percobaan ekstrak bunga T. erecta dengan bakteri MRSA dan MRPA menunjukkan adanya daya hambat dengan daya hambat tertinggi terdapat pada konsentrasi 75%, zona hambat 17,25 ± 1,25 cm dan 11,25 ± 0,50 cm berturut-turut. Pada percobaan daun S. cumini dengan bakteri MRSA didapatkan zona hambat tertinggi pada konsentrasi 75% sebesar 9,50 ± 0,57 cm. Akan tetapi, tidak terdapat zona hambat pada bakteri MRPA. Kombinasi ekstrak bunga T. erecta dan daun S. cumini memiliki daya hambat terhadap bakteri MRSA yang tertinggi pada konsentrasi 75%, akan tetapi tidak memiliki daya hambat pada bakteri MRPA.Simpulan: Konsentrasi ekstrak kombinasi dalam etanol 96% berpengaruh terhadap diameter zona hambat MRSA tetapi tidak ditemukan zona hambat yang dihasilkan pada MRPA dari percobaan in vitro.

Detection of biofilm formation in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia I Made Sathya Vijayananda; Made Agus Hendrayana; I Dewa Made Sukrama; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): (Available online : 1 April 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae causes broad-spectrum infections from mild to severe with high morbidity and mortality rates in almost all of the world, namely pneumonia and meningitis. This bacterium has virulence factors that help their survival, one of which is biofilms. Biofilms help Streptococcus pneumoniae become resistant to antibiotics; thus, treating infections caused by these bacteria is difficult to treat. This study aims to determine the biofilm production ability of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia using the tissue culture plate method.Methods: The research design used was a descriptive observational study with cross sectional type. The clinical isolate of Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Sanglah General Hospital. Biofilm formation was measured by the tissue culture plate method and carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: Most of the specimens were collected from blood (59.37%), followed by sputum (31.25%), and others (9.38%). It was found that 1 of 32 (3.10%) clinical isolates could form a biofilm with a strong formation category (the optical density value> 0.38). In contrast, the rest did not form biofilms with an optical density value of ?0.095.Conclusions: Not all clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar were able to form biofilms, suggesting that other virulence factors also play a role in pneumococcal infection. However, a molecular approach is necessary for the detection of genes encoding biofilm-producing isolates in future studies.

Co-Authors Adhy Candra, I Kadek Bayu Agus Eka Darwinata Andi Yasmon Anggita Ratri Pusporini Aviana, Felicia Bagus Ngurah Putu Arhana Bryan Setiawan Budiman Bela Cynthia Dewi Sinardja Dave Gerald Oenarta Dea Antariksa Dharmika, Ida Ayu Gde Wahyudevi Dhyana Ratmaja, I Gusti Agung Ngurah Dwijastuti, Ni Made Sri F. S. Wignall Fera Ibrahim Gema Zakharian GNR Suwardana I Dewa Agung Gede Meisha Dhanam I Dewa Ayu Made Dian Lestari I Dewa Made Sukrama I G. A. Ngurah Aswin Panji Sanjaya I G. R. M. TEMAJA I Gede Agus Darsana Palgunadi I Gede Gita Sastrawan I Gede Pradnya Wisnu Murthi I Gede Raka Adhyatma I Gede Sathya Agastya I Gede Wikania Wira Wiguna I Gusti Agung Dyah Ambarawati I Gusti Agung Istri Gladys Elsyaningrat I Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsini I Gusti Ayu Janadewi I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika I Gusti Ngurah Krishna Priyaka I Kadek Jaya Santika I Made Sathya Vijayananda I Made Sutha Saskara I Nengah Sujaya I Putu Bayu Mayura I Putu Bayu Mayura I Wayan Agus Gede Manik Saputra I Wayan Aryabiantara, I Wayan I Wayan Gustawan I Wayan Muda Suta Arta I Wayan Suranadi I. B. P. Dwija I.D.P.K. Pratiwi Ichlazul Ma’ruf Ida Ayu Andhira Dewi Suarisavitra Ida Bagus Gede Adiguna Wibawa Ida Sri Iswari Indramawan Setyojatmiko K. Subrata K. Wirasandhi Kadek Anggie Wigundwipayana Kadek Tresna Yuwana Ketut Tuti Parwati Komang Aditya Arya Prayoga KOMANG AYU NOCIANITRI Komang Januartha Putra Pinatih Luh Gede Melia Puspita Sari Made Agus Hendrayana Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama Made Widianantara Marvin Giantoro N. K. Susilarini N.W.A. Utami Ni Kadek Seri Mahayanti Ni Luh Made Rasmawati Ni Made Adi Tarini Ni Made Mertaniasih Ni Made Susilawathi Ni Nyoman Sri Budayanti Ni Putu Wirantari Ni Wayan Eka Putri Gayatri Kastawa NMRP Dewi Prisela Zharaswati Prisillia Brigitta Putu Agung Satvika Pradnyadevi Putu Ayu Utami Prajawaty Putu Yoska Arya Harindana Rachmy Hamdiyati Raka-Sudewi A. A. Reny Rosalina Rian Ka Praja Saputra, Darmawan Jaya Saputra, I Wayan Agus Gede Manik Saraswati, I Gusti Ayu Agung Putri Indria Sonia Elvira Salim Surya Putra, I Gusti Agung Utama Wahyu Hidayati Wahyu Hidayati Wahyu Hidayati Yan Ramona

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