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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ) Jurnal Ilmu dan Kesehatan Hewan METAMORFOSA Journal of Biological Sciences Buletin Veteriner Udayana Buletin Udayana Mengabdi INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Jurnal Veteriner Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Jurnal Biologi Udayana Bumi Lestari Medical Journal of Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner Journal of Global Pharma Technology Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Neurona Jurnal Medika Veterinaria
I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika
Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health Veterinary

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Waterfowl potential as resevoirs of high pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses Susanti, R; Soejoedono, R.D; Mahardika, I-G.N.K; Wibawan, I-W.T; Suhartono, M.T
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (159.588 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v12i2.555

Abstract

The high population of waterfowl subsequently with the high case fatality of poultry and people in West Java regency caused by HPAI H5N1 can raise possibility that waterfowl was a natural reservoir. This research aimed to prove that waterfowl in West Java served as reservoir of AI virus (primarily H5N1) and also identify the virus pathotype based on cleavage site of amino acid sequence. Cloacal swab sample was obtained from healthy and unvaccinated waterfowl from Sukabumi and Bogor Regency. Cloacal swab was propagated in 9 days old embryonic chicken eggs. Allantoic fluid was harvested at the 4th day of incubation and then tested for hemagglutination, and positive isolate continued with virus sub-typing using PCR method. H5 gene from H5N1 isolate then sequenced using dideoxy termination method. Multiple alignment of nucleotide sequences were analysed using MEGA-3.1 program. Sub-typing using PCR method indicated the existence of 25 strain H5N1, 16 strain HxN1, 4 strain H5Nx and 9 virus ND. Characterization of cleavage site amino acid sequence indicated that all H5N1 sample were pathogenic with sequence QRERRRKKR (23 sample) dan QRESRRKKR (2 sample). Waterfowl was HPAI H5N1 virus reservoir. Asymptomatic infection in waterfowl, but the virus shedding gradually occurred and therefore it became potential source of H5N1 virus infection. Our findings suggest that immediate action is needed to prevent the transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from the apparently healthy waterfowl into terrestrial poultry or human. Key Words: HPAI, H5N1, Reservoir, Water Fowl
IMMUNE RESPONSE AND COST ANALYSIS OF INTRADERMAL RABIES VACCINATION FOR POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS REGIMEN IN HUMAN Budayanti, N. S.; Susilawathi, N. M.; Darwinata, A. E.; Dwija, I. B. P.; Fatmawati, N. D.; Wirasandhi, K.; Subrata, K.; Susilarini, N. K.; Wignall, F. S.; Sudewi, A. A. R.; Mahardika, and G. N. K.
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 3 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL

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Abstract

Background The outbreak of rabies in human in Bali-Indonesia is causing an extraordinary pressure for the government in providing adequate doses of anti-rabies vaccine for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Here, we directly compare the immune response and benefit of the intradermal (ID) protocol for rabies vaccine delivery with the intramuscular (IM) route. Methods: Sixty health workers who were willing to participate in this study have been randomly selected and grouped into ID, IM, and control groups, each with 20 volunteers. The Thai Red Cross ID- and Zangreb IM-protocols have been applied to the respective group. The sera of the volunteers were collected at day 0, week 1, week 3, week 4, month 3, month 6, month 9, and month 12 after the first vaccination. Anti-rabies virus IgG was detected using PlateliaTM Rabies II Kit (Bio-Rad). Results: Anti-rabies IgG could be detected in the ID-group at one week. The ID-vaccine delivery induced a slightly higher maximum antibody titer compared to IM, though not statistically significant (p>0.05). ID vaccination caused less adverse reactions and produces longer lasting protective immune response. Cost minimization analysis (CMA) on the provincial and national PEP data in 2009-2011 shows that the ID-delivery will reduce the total cost for a completed regimen by USD 28.5, and would have saved the Indonesian government budget approximately USD 3.6 and 4.3 million for complete regimens in Bali and Indonesia, respectively. Conclusion: The ID administration of anti-rabies vaccine induces a similar immune response compared to that of intramuscular injection. It also produces longer lasting protective immune response. It offers additional advantages of potential net cost savings as well as decreasing the pressure on vaccine availability due to the high number of dog bite cases.
THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF RESISTANCE ANTIRETROVIRAL MARKERS AND POLYMORPHISMS OF THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-1 SUBTYPE CRF01-AE PROTEASE GENE IN NAÏVE AND TREATMENT FAILURE PATIENTS IN BALI Sri Budiyanti, N.; Suata, I K.; Merati, K. T. P.; Mahardika, I G.N.K.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 6, No. 1 Januari 2012
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Application of antiretrovirals (ARVs) in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection has proven to reduce mortality rates and prolong life expectancy. On the other hand, the use of antiretroviral drugs has incited the emergence of HIVDR. The resistance is due to mutation at genes associated with drug resistance. Nowadays, the determination of resistance markers mutations are based on HIV-1 subtype B. However, the majority of HIV in Indonesia, particularly in Bali are of subtype CRF01_AE. Genetic variation between HIV viruses has led to variations in subtypes; therefore, resistance markers of subtype B could be polymorphisms of non-B subtypes. This study aims to determine the number and types of the resistance markers mutations and polymorphisms that occur on the PR gene of HIV-1 subtype CRF01_AE of naïve and treatment failure patients in Bali. This is an observational cross-sectional analytical study, conducted at two VCT clinics in Denpasar, during the period of April 2010 until October 2011. Samples consist of 18 HIV patients with treatment failure and 30 naïve HIV patients. Mutations were evaluated using PCR, sequenced and aligned were carried out using MEGA4. Interpretations of the mutations were made based on the Stanford HIV database. Hypothesis tests used were Mann-Whitney because of abnormal distribution of data. Hypothesis was accepted if the significant level p<0.05. This study found that of the demographic data, only the predisposing factors of the two groups were significantly different (p<0.05). Two patients with treatment failure and 5 naïve patients were found to have L10LV/I mutations. Only one patient with treatment failure had the I54FI mutation. No major mutations were found among the two study groups. The number and types of minor mutations were not significantly different (p>0.05) between the naïve group and treatment failure group. M36I and H69K polymorphisms of the PR gene were found in all the study samples. In conclusion of this study, two types of major mutations were found, L10LV/I and I54FI. The number and types of the resistance markers mutations towards the protease inhibitor (PI) group were not significantly different between the two study groups. M36I, H69K mutations of the PR gene are markers of polymorphisms of HIV-1 subtype CRF01_AE.
Seroprevalensi Avian Influenza Pada Itik Di Pasar Hewan Beringkit Dan Peternakan Di Badung Siahaan, Lusiana Lasmari; Suartha, I Nyoman; Mahardika, I Gusti Ngurah Kade
Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Vol 3 (2) 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University

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Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui seroprevalensi virus Avian Influenza (VAI) pada itik di Pasar Hewan Beringkit dan peternakan di Badung. Sampel darah itik diambil secara acak dari Pasar Hewan Beringkit dan Peternakan.Jumlah sampel masing-masing sebanyak 35 sampel darah itik setiap bulan mulai dari bulan Maret sampai bulan Agustus 2012.Anti-VAI antibodi dideteksi dengan uji hambatan hemaglutinasi baku internasional menggunakan isolat VAI H5N1 yang sudah dikarakterisasi di lab Biomedik FKH Universitas Udayana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Seroprevalensi Avian Influenza subtipe H5 pada itik di Pasar Hewan Beringkit dan peternakan di Badung sangat tinggi yaitu masing-masing 90,5% dan 80,5%. Seroprevalensi di Pasar Hewan Beringkit nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan peternakan di Badung (p<0,05).Seroprevalensi antara kedua tempat tersebut setiap bulannya tidak berbeda nyata (p>0,05) kecuali bulan Juli.
Variasi Genetik Parvovirus Anjing Di Bali Nareswari, Ayu Widya; Mahardika, I Gusti Ngurah Kade; Suartha, I Nyoman
Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Vol 5 (3) 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University

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Abstract

Infeksi parvovirus anjing (Canine Parvovirus/CPV) pada umumnya terjadi pada hewan muda, walau dapat juga terjadi pada hewan yang lebih tua. Parvovirus telah berevolusi menjadi berbagai strain. Strain yang bersirkulasi di Indonesia umumnya, Bali khususnya, belum diketahui. Deoxyribose-nucleic Acid (DNA) diisolasi dari organ usus halus dan jantung dalam delapan ekor anjing yang diduga terinfeksi CPV dan diamplifikasi dengan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) menggunakan primer yang telah dipublikasi untuk memperbanyak VP2. Hasil PCR disekuensing. Sekuen yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan program MEGA5. Variasi genetik ditentukan dari analisis situs polimorfik dengan menyetarakan sekuens standar yang tersedia di GenBank. Tujuh dari delapan produk PCR berhasil disekuensing dan terbaca dengan baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa virus CPV yang bersirkulasi di Bali adalah homogen serta mempunyai sekuens yang mirip strain S5. Satu virus berbeda dengan virus lainnya yaitu mengalami substitusi G menjadi R pada asam amino nomor 370 gen VP2. Kajian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk klarifikasi strain yangbersirkulasi di Bali.
IDENTIFIKASI SPESIES UDANG MANTIS (Stomatopoda) DI PERAIRAN PEMUTERAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN GEN CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE SUBUNIT-1 DARI DNA MITOKONDRIA OKA PUJAWAN, ANAK AGUNG NGURAH; KADE MAHARDIKA, I GUSTI NGURAH; SARI NINDHIA, TJOK
Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Vol 1 (2) 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University

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Abstract

Mantis shrimp is known as a bio-indicator of marine ecosystem health. Pemuteran is one of the waters in Indonesia that has a wealth of interesting marine life. Knowledge of the genetic structure was used for identification of species of mantis shrimp. The purpose of this study was to identify species of mantis shrimp in the waters of Pemuteran and determine their relationship with mantis shrimp in other areas of Indonesia around the world.The method used in this research was the polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR) of the molecular of marker Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 from mitochondrial DNA. The sample was mantis shrimps in the form of adult and larvae, that were collected in Pemuteran. The number of samples was 32. Sequence from each sample was determined by cycle sequencing technique and analyzed at Cornell University. Sequences obtained in this study and that downloaded from GeneBank were analyzed with MEGA5.3.The results showed that four species of mantis shrimp, i.e. Haptosquilla glyptocercus, Gonodactyllelus annularis, Gonodactylus viridis and Chorisquilla Hystrix, could be identified. Genetic relationship of mantis shrimp in Pemuteran to that of various regions varies. Close relationship was found to the mantis shrimp species in the Coral Triangle region. The species were genetically in a further distance to the mantis shrimp found in other areas, such as Australia's east coast. Determination of species from specimens that are close to Gonodactylus viridis and Chorisquilla Hystrix is necessary to justify whether the specimens are properly included to the corresponding species or they should be assigned as new species
Tingkat Deteksi Parvovirus Anjing di Organ Jantung dan Usus Halus pada Infeksi Lapangan Dewi, Putu Bulan Sasmita; Mahardika, I Gusti Ngurah Kade; Suartini, I Gusti Ayu Agung
Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Vol 5 (4) 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat deteksi parvovirus anjing pada infeksi lapangan dari organ jantung dan usus halus yang dinilai berdasarkan pita hasil polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Obyek penelitian yang digunakan adalah spesimen jantung dan usus halus dari lima ekor anjing yang terinfeksi parvovirus alami. Isolasi DNA dilakukan dengan DNA isolation kit (Invitrogen) dan diamplifikasi menggunakan teknik PCR. Hasil PCR kemudian diskoring dan dianalisis menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan. Hasil PCR menunjukkan frekuensi infeksi pada usus halus (4/5) lebih tinggi dibandingkan jantung (3/5), akan tetapi, rerata skor pita PCR dari organ usus dan jantung masing-masing adalah (3,2 ± 0,97) dan (1,4 ± 0,75) yang secara statistik tidak berbeda nyata (p>0,05).
ANALISIS SEKUENS D-LOOP DNA MITOKONDRIA SAPI BALI DAN BANTENG DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN BANGSA SAPI LAIN DI DUNIA DWINA WISESA, ANAK AGUNG NGURAH GEDE; KADE MAHARDIKA, I GUSTI NGURAH; OKA PEMAYUN, TJOK GEDE
Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Vol 1 (2) 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University

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Abstract

The result of this study indicates the D-loop of mtDNA of bali cattle is homologous with banteng. Two haplotypes can be identified. The sequence is different from that of Bos taurus, Bos indicus, Bos javanicus, and Bos gaurus. Further research needs to be done with a representative sample for the entire population in Bali by targeting more than one locus. In addition, the effective population size of bali cattle needs to be known to improve the genetic quality of bali cattle.
Respons Antibodi Avian Influenza pada Anak Babi yang Diberi Vaksin Escherichia coli – Avian Influenza Bhaskara, Audrey Febiannya Putri; Mahardika, I Gusti Ngurah Kade; Suartha, I Nyoman
Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Vol 10 (1) 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19087/imv.2021.10.1.61

Abstract

Babi berperan penting dalam ekologi virus influenza, karena babi dapat berperan sebagai wahana untuk reasorsi virus influenza dari unggas dan mamalia. Vaksinasi dengan antigen influenza universal, yaitu nukleoprotein, dapat menurunkan peluang babi dalam memunculkan virus influenza baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengentahui respons antibodi dari vaksinasi dengan nukleoprotein rekombinan - Escherichia coli. Sebanyak 12 anak babi landrace dari tiga induk yang berbeda dipilih secara acak. Enam ekor divaksinasi dengan vaksin nucleoprotein-E. coli pada umur tujuh hari dan diulang pada umur 21 hari. Enam ekor tidak divaksinasi. Serum diambil pada umur 35 hari. Nilai optical density (OD) antibodi terhadap nukleoprotein diuji dengan teknik Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) dengan menggunakan Kit ELISA komersial, Avian Influenza Virus Antibody Test Kit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai Optical Density rata-rata babi yang divaksinasi (0,367) secara statistika nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang tidak divaksinasi (0,054). Vaksin rekombinan nucleoprotein-E. coli yang dicobakan mampu meningkatan antibodi terhadap virus avian influenza pada anak babi.
Prospek Pemanfaatan telur ayam berkhasiat anti virus avian influenza dalam usaha pengendalian infeksi virus flu burung dengan pendekatan pengebalan pasif Wibawan IWT; Rd Soejoedono; S Murtini; IGK Mahardika
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 3 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Abstract

Production of polyclonal antibody against avian influenza type H5N1 and H5N2 was done in horse, cavia, and chicken using respective commercial avian influenza vaccine.keyword: egg yolk, passive immunization, specific lgY against AI virus H5N1Produksi antibodi poliklonal dalam serum kuda, serum ayam petelur, kuning telur dan pada serum marmut telah dapat dilakukan dengan menyuntikkan antigen virus H5N1 dan H5N2 yang dikemas dalam bentuk vaksin.Kata kunci: IgY spesifik terhadap virus AI H5N1, imunisasi pasif, kuning telur
Co-Authors Agik Suprayogi Agus Eka Darwinata Amelia, Ni Kadek Shita Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi Anak Agung Gde Oka Dharmayudha Anak Agung Gde Putra ANAK AGUNG NGURAH GEDE DWINA WISESA ANAK AGUNG NGURAH OKA PUJAWAN Anak Agung Sagung Istri Pradnyantari Anak Agung Sagung Kendran Andi Bahtiar Batti Anita Dwi Handayani Bambang Sumiarto Bhaskara, Audrey Febiannya Putri Brigita Galilea Adu Charles Rangga Tabbu Daud Steven Triyomi Hariyanto Dewi, Putu Bulan Sasmita DWI SURYANTO Estry Gusnita Damanik F. S. Wignall Fakhrurrasi Fakhri Fedri Rell G.A.M.K. Dewi Ghina Monita Pramudhita Gusti Ayu Dianti Violentina Gusti Ayu Mayani Kristina Dewi Gusti Ayu Yuniati Kencana Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra Helen Scott-Orr Herawati Sudoyo Heru Susetya I Dewa Made Sukrama I GBA Purwanda I Gede Eka Chandrawan I Gusti Agung Ayu Suartini I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman Arijana I Gusti Ketut Suarjana I Gusti Ketut Suarjana I Gusti Made Krisna Erawan I Gusti Ngurah Badiwangsa Temaja I GUSTI NGURAH DIBYA PRASETYA I Gusti Ngurah Narendra I Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra I Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra I Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra I Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra1, I K. Suata I KADEK SAKA WIRYANA I Ketut Berata I Made Bagus Arya Permana Ardiana Putra I Made Kardena I Made Sara Wijana I Made Sukada I MADE SUMA ANTARA I Made Suma Anthara I Nengah Kerta Besung I Nengah Kerta Besung i Nengah Wandia I NYOMAN ADI SURATMA I Nyoman Dibia I NYOMAN MANTIK ASTAWA I Nyoman Suartha I Putu Sudiarta I Wayan Bebas I Wayan Gorda I Wayan Masa Tenaya I wayan Teguh Wibawan I Wayan Wirata I-W.T Wibawan I. B. P. Dwija I. K. Suastika I.A.P. Apsari I.B. Oka Suyasa I.B.K. Suardana Ida Ayu Pasti Apsari Ida Ayu Sri Candra Dewi Ida Ayu Sri Chandra Dewi Ida Bagus Kade Suardana Ida Bagus Komang Ardana Ida Bagus Oka Winaya Indrawati Sendow Inna Narayani K. Subrata K. Wirasandhi Kadek Karang Agustina Kadek Satria Adi Marhendra Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati Ketut Wella Mellisandy Lies Parede Luh Made Sudimartini Lusiana Lasmari Siahaan M.T Suhartono MADE PHARMAWATI MADE RATNA SARASWATI . Made Suma Anthara Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono Martien Herna Susanti Melkias Oagay Melkias Oagay Messy Saputri Boru Sembiring N. K. Susilarini N. Sri Budiyanti Nareswari, Ayu Widya Ni Ketut Dias Nursanty Ni Ketut Suwiti Ni Komang Eka Agustiani Ni Luh Made Ika Yulita Sari Hadiprata Ni Luh Putu Agustini Ni Luh Watiniasih Ni Luh Wayan Yulia Mirayanti Ni Made Adi Tarini Ni Made Krisna Dewi Ni Made Rita Krisna Dewi Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi2 Ni Made Susilawathi Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati Ni Nyoman Sri Budayanti Ni Putu Dian Pertiwi Ni Putu Sriwidyani Nyoman Anandiya Ramaditya Oktryna Hodesi Sibarani Pieter Mbolo Maranata Pipit Dwi Pramesti Pramitasuri, Tjokorda Istri Putri Wiliantari Putu Mei Purnama Dewi R Susanti R.D Soejoedono Raka-Sudewi A. A. Rd Soejoedono Retno Damajanti Soejoedono S Murtini S.K. Widyastuti Safarina G. Malik Sayu Raka Padma Wulan Sari, Sayu Raka Padma Wulan Sri Kayati Widyastuti sri murtini . Sukma Oktavianthi Susilawathi, Ni Made Tania Ria Gunawan TJOK GEDE OKA PEMAYUN Tjokorda Sari Nindhia TRI KOMALA SARI Wibawan IWT Widya Asmara Yan Ramona Yosaphat L.S Kote