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Kebijakan Hukum dalam Penyelesaian Kewarisan Islam (Analisis Terhadap Beberapa Kebijakan Umar bin al-Khattab) Elfia, Elfia
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : STAIN Curup

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29240/jf.v2i2.296

The central point in this study is to analyze some of the legal policies ever made by Umar bin al-Khattab in solving the problem of inheritance. Launched this research to formulate fiqh of heritage fill the legal policy when difference estoppel happened to adapt to the spirit of the prevailing of justice in society. On legal policy that took by Prophet companions, God bless them in al-Mawarits, it can be informed of a number of issues, as a matter of reliability and Aul and Radd, Gharrawain, Akdariyah, Musyarakah and al-Kharqaâ. Stuck legal policy in settling the issue of inheritance justice for all the heirs, because in the settlement of this matter without conditioning will lead to the problem must be resolved patients to win win solution and does not violate the legal argument of the proposition. Took place this issue in the days of Umar bin al-Khattab, he judged them around, then signed again in the Supreme Court and he judged it. It seems that the Supreme Court of Indonesia has taken flexibility and adaptability in government policy. Like giving the heir of the inheritance hit him with a different religion. Why did Umar bin al-Khththab take a legal policy in solving the inheritance problem? What is the underlying legal policy?Access to data and formulas and find a solution to the problems in this study by using library research, and was done through the relevant issues that have been discussed during data collection. This is a research study on the appropriateness and consistency sentences between theoretical and practical. The approach taken in this study is a qualitative approach in the style of descriptive analysis. It is that some of the policies described in the division of heritage, which spent by the Prophet Companions and scholars (Ulema) of the four schools (Mazhab). The result of your search reveal resolve the issue of inheritance in Islam and settled appropriate to good policy and entrusted interest and do not conflict with a peremptory verses of legal texts. The policies made by Umar bin al-Khattab, in some circumstances are still influenced by the Arab tradition of jahiliyah which requires men to get more rights than women. Keyword : Legal Policy, Inheritance, Umar Bin Al-Khattab

PEMIKIRAN IBN QAYYIM AL-JAUZIYAH TENTANG HILAH DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM FIKIH Elfia, Elfia
JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah of State Institute for Islamic Studies Batusangkar, Indonesia

In discussing about the issue of hilah, Ibnu Qayyim al-Jauziyyah has his own understanding toward the issue which seemed to be different from the concept which was very popular among fuqahas. To the best of his understanding, hilah is basically a form of action (deed) which seem to fool the law of Allah. Fooling the laws of Allah endangers Islam since it only fulfills those who promoted hilah and, therefore, withdraw the willingness to enforce Islamic laws (syara). Ibnu Qayyim emphasized that hilah in Islam is only intended to promote legalization of the forbiddens (haram) and in turn, will jeopardize the compulsory ones by presenting reasons. Those are forbidden (haram) viewed from various perspectives. The permission for hilah violates sadd al-zari’ah since the only islamic law maker, Allah has shut all possible attempts that may lead to destruction. Hilah is a form of manipulation toward Allah and any manipulative attempts toward Allah are forbidden (haram). There are many examples of hilah illustrated by Ibn Qayyim in his book kitab i’lam al-Muwaqi’in. Though Ibn Qayyim views hilah is forbidden (haram) in general, including those are approved by Abu Hanifah, however, some are still tolerated for particular conditions.Kata kunci: hilah, sadd al-dzari‘ah, fikih

ISHLAH DALAM TAKHARUJ MENURUT HANAFIYAH VERSUS ISHLAH DALAM KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM (ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN HUKUM) Elfia, Elfia
JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) Vol 17, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah of State Institute for Islamic Studies Batusangkar, Indonesia

This study aims at analyzing the two forms of legal policy in the division of inheritance by using the principle of ishlah. The takharuj practices that develops in the Hanafi school allows the giving of inheritance rights to the heirs before the property is distributed (before the heirs dies) in the presence of the willingness of the other heirs. The term Ishlah is understood by giving rewards in exchange for the part of the resigned heirs. The principle of ishlah which permits the distribution of inheritance under the agreement of the heirs is also regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law Article 183. But in that article, the existence of ishlah can be done after the heirs died (after the division of inheritance). This research is a library research by using normative law approach and analyzing the data by content analysis. As the findings from this study, there are several weak points in the completion of the takharuj so that clerics outside Hanafiyah school did not practice it. These weak points potentially violate the qath'i propositions and general principles in muamalah maaliyah. The peace (ishlah) in the Compilation of Islamic Law is easier to follow and does not violate the qath'i proofs in the Qur'an and Hadith.

Pemikiran Ibn Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah tentang Istihsan dan Implikasinya dalam Penetapan Hukum Elfia, Elfia
Ijtihad Vol 31, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15548/ijt.v31i2.62

Kontroversi penerapan istihsan dalam ijtihad tidak saja muncul dari Imam Syafi'i, tetapi juga datang dari tokoh penting lainnya yaitu Ibnu Qayyim al-Jauziyyah. Penolakan Ibn al-Qayyim terhadap istihsan disebabkan karena menurut pemahamannya dengan menerapkan istihsan berarti seseorang mujtahid telah menetapkan hukum dengan mengqiyaskan kepada salah satu nash yang berlawanan dengan nash yang lain. Hal ini jelas karena dalam istihsan terdapat dula dalil dimana seorang mujtahid mengutamakan qiyas khafi daripada qiyas jali berdasarkan satu dalil yang menghendaki. Hukum yang ditetapkan berdasarkan qiyas jali berbeda dengan hukum yang ditetapkan dengan qiyas khafi. Sementara kedua qiyas tersebut sama-sama bersandarkan kepada nash yang berbeda. Dengan menerapkan istihsan berarti seorang mujtahi telah memperlawankan nash dengan nash yang lain dengan menerapkan salah satu nash dan meninggalkan nash yang lain. Maka dalam studi ini, penulis akan menelaah logika ijtihad Ibn Qoyyim al-Jauziyyah dalam memandang metode istihsan ini.

Distribution of Heritage Association of Harta Pusaka Tinggi And Harta Pusaka Rendah in Padang Pariaman Elfia, Elfia; Meirison, Meirison; Muhammadi, Qasim
Al-Ahkam Volume 30, Nomor 1, April 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

This research is motivated by a phenomenon of the distribution of inheritance that occurs in the Nagari Lurah Ampalu community. They hand over inheritance (pusako rendah) at the pusaka tingg" property to girls. Some of the problems in this study are, the factors causing the community to divide pusaka tinggi and pusaka rendah are not based on Islamic law and the method of settlement by Shari'a for the two types of inherited assets that have been mixed. Data in this paper were obtained through interviews and documentation. The factors causing the community to share this inheritance are derived from the traditions of previous ancestors, the lack of community knowledge in faraid science and the existence of coercion between heirs. The solution used by local clerics is to calculate the price of pusaka tinggi land and the proceeds of the sale are left to the pusaka tinggi property holders. Assets that are on ancestral inheritance are distributed to heirs according to the law of farÄ'iá¸. The final solution is to move or eliminate assets above pusaka tinggi .

IJTIHAD PADA MASA KONTEMPORER:KONTEKS PEMIKIRAN ISLAM DALAM FIQH DAN USHUL FIQH Henrik, Hendrik; Syauqi, Fadhil Muhammad; Elfia, Elfia
Al-Maslahah Vol 16, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Islam berkembang dan mencapai kejayaan karena menghormati proses ijtihad ini. Tulisan ini mencoba mengetengahkan bahasan tentang hukum Islam pada masa kontemporer, yang berkenaan dengan pembaharuan dalam konteks pemikiran Fiqh dengan pokok-pokok bahasan yang terdiri dari pengertian hukum Islam kontemporer, objek kajian hukum Islam kontemporer, fleksibilitas dan keluasan hukum Islam, relevansi Fiqh kontemporer dengan doktrin klasik dan pintu ijtihad dibuka kembali. Di antara langkah konkret dalam memecahkan masalah-masalah kontemporer adalah metode lintas mazhab, yakni dengan mempelajari pendapat semua fukaha dalam semua mazhab Fiqh seperti Hanafi, Maliki, Syafii, Hanbali, Dihadiri dan lain-lain beserta dalil-dalil dan kaidah-kaidah istinbat masing-masing mazhab dalam membahas suatu persoalan.

RISE AND FALL OF MAMLUK SULTANATE: The Struggle Against Mongols and Crusaders in Holy War Firdaus, Yelmi Eri; Elfia, Elfia; Meirison, Meirison
Al-Adyan: Journal of Religious Studies Vol 1, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15548/al-adyan.v1i1.1713

For 300 years, precisely from 1250 to 1517, the Mamluk Dynasty ruled in Egypt and Syria. Their power ended after the conquest of the Ottoman Turks, who later built a new empire. The writer wants to describe how the slave nation could become a ruler who gained legitimacy from Muslims. Mamluk is a soldier who comes from slaves who have converted to Islam. "The mamluk phenomenon," as David Ayalon called it, was an extremely large and long-lived important politic, which lasted from the 9th century to the 19th century AD. Over time, Mamluk became a robust military caste in various Muslim societies. Especially in Egypt, but also the Levant, Iraq, and India, mamluks hold political and military power. In some cases, they gained the position of the Sultan, while in other cases, they held regional power as amir or beys. The historical method starts with collecting literature, sorting, and analyzing and interpreting the writer doing historiography on the dynamics of this mamluk dynasty government. A dynasty filled with phenomenon, which originated from slaves and then turned into the ruler of a vast territory. Not only that, but the slaves were also able to defeat big countries like France, Portugal, and Italy. The Mamluk Sultanate was famous for repelling the Mongols and fighting with the Crusaders. They are descended from various variations, but the most frequent is Kipchak Turks, depending on the period and region in question. When a mamluk is bought, their status is above ordinary slaves, who are not permitted to carry weapons or carry out specific tasks. In places like Egypt, from the Ayyubid dynasty to the era of Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Mamluk is considered as "real rulers" with social status over those born as Muslims.Selama 300 tahun, tepatnya dari tahun 1250 hingga 1517, Dinasti Mamluk memerintah di Mesir dan Suriah. Kekuatan mereka berakhir setelah penaklukan Turki Ottoman, yang kemudian membangun sebuah kerajaan baru. Penulis ingin menggambarkan bagaimana negara budak bisa menjadi penguasa yang mendapatkan legitimasi dari umat Islam. Mamluk adalah seorang prajurit yang berasal dari para budak yang telah memeluk Islam. "Fenomena mamluk," sebagaimana David Ayalon menyebutnya, adalah politik penting yang sangat besar dan berumur panjang, yang berlangsung dari abad ke-9 hingga abad ke-19. Seiring waktu, Mamluk menjadi kasta militer yang kuat di berbagai masyarakat Muslim. Terutama di Mesir, tetapi juga Levant, Irak, dan India, mamluk memegang kekuasaan politik dan militer. Dalam beberapa kasus, mereka mendapatkan posisi Sultan, sementara dalam kasus lain, mereka memegang kekuasaan regional sebagai amir atau lebah. Metode historis dimulai dengan mengumpulkan literatur, menyortir, dan menganalisis dan menafsirkan penulis melakukan historiografi pada dinamika pemerintahan dinasti mamluk ini. Sebuah dinasti penuh dengan fenomena, yang berasal dari budak dan kemudian berubah menjadi penguasa wilayah yang luas. Bukan hanya itu, tetapi para budak juga mampu mengalahkan negara-negara besar seperti Perancis, Portugal, dan Italia. Kesultanan Mamluk terkenal karena memukul mundur bangsa Mongol dan bertarung dengan Tentara Salib. Mereka diturunkan dari berbagai variasi, tetapi yang paling sering adalah Kipchak Turki, tergantung pada periode dan wilayah yang dimaksud. Ketika mamluk dibeli, status mereka di atas budak biasa, yang tidak diizinkan membawa senjata atau melakukan tugas tertentu. Di tempat-tempat seperti Mesir, dari dinasti Ayyubiyah ke era Muhammad Ali dari Mesir, Mamluk dianggap sebagai "penguasa nyata" dengan status sosial atas mereka yang terlahir sebagai Muslim.

PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR TENTANG KEWARISAN KALÂLAH DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PEMBARUAN HUKUM ISLAM Arham, Akbaru Wustho; Elfia, Elfia
Jurnal AL-AHKAM Vol 11, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : UIN Imam Bonjol Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15548/alahkam.v11i2.2166

This study aims to analyze Muhammad Syahrur's thoughts about the inheritance of kalâlah and compare with the opinion of the ulema's jumhur 'and their relevance to the renewal of Islamic law. This research is a normative legal research or library research using secondary data. The results of this study revealed that: first, Syahrur interpreted kalālah with someone who died but did not have children, both boys and girls and did not have grandchildren, male or female, and did not have a father or mother and grandfather or grandmother. Secondly, in the case of the application of the distribution of the inheritance of kalâlah obtained by the heirs, Syahrur distinguishes the method of the distribution of kalālah assets in two conditions, namely the first and the second kalālah conditions. Third, Syahrur's thoughts on the inheritance of kalálah cannot be categorized as renewal in Islamic law because there is already a thought that is almost simultaneously with the pre- existing scholars namely Hazairin, one of Indonesian Islamic jurists who adheres to the concept of bilateral inheritance, especially regarding the inheritance of kalálah. Keywords: Muhammad Syahrur, kalâlah inheritance, renewal of Islamic law.

Distribution of Heritage Association of Harta Pusaka Tinggi And Harta Pusaka Rendah in Padang Pariaman Elfia, Elfia; Meirison, Meirison; Muhammadi, Qasim
Al-Ahkam Volume 30, Nomor 1, April 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

This research is motivated by a phenomenon of the distribution of inheritance that occurs in the Nagari Lurah Ampalu community. They hand over inheritance (pusako rendah) at the pusaka tingg" property to girls. Some of the problems in this study are, the factors causing the community to divide pusaka tinggi and pusaka rendah are not based on Islamic law and the method of settlement by Shari'a for the two types of inherited assets that have been mixed. Data in this paper were obtained through interviews and documentation. The factors causing the community to share this inheritance are derived from the traditions of previous ancestors, the lack of community knowledge in faraid science and the existence of coercion between heirs. The solution used by local clerics is to calculate the price of pusaka tinggi land and the proceeds of the sale are left to the pusaka tinggi property holders. Assets that are on ancestral inheritance are distributed to heirs according to the law of farÄ'iá¸. The final solution is to move or eliminate assets above pusaka tinggi .

THIRD CENTURY ISLAMIC ECONOMIC THOUGHTS YAHYA BIN UMAR AND AHMAD BIN HANBAL III H / 9 M Merison, Merison; Rahmi, Elvina; Nur, Ridho; Elfia, Elfia
Hunafa: Jurnal Studia Islamika Vol 17 No 1 (2020): STUDIA ISLAMIKA
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24239/jsi.v17i1.578.119-132

This article discusses the history of economic thought in the third century. Islam has provided all the guidelines or guidelines for humans to live in the world, both morally and economically. One of the most important economic activities that Islam promotes is the Qur'anic trade, and the hadith explains much about the profession. Where business is essential for the survival of humankind as civilization progresses on the surface of the earth, especially in the field of commerce where every trader competes for profit. Unfortunately, as the civilization of the traders begins to do everything to profit without regard to the rules laid down in the Shari'ah, One of the ways traders can benefit from unhealthy habits is to practice Siyasah al-Ighraq (dumping). And the people who talk about this are Yahya Bin Umar and Ahmad Bin Hanbal. The method in this study is library research aimed at studying the concept of a legal matter, using descriptive-analytical methods, normative-economic, and sociological approaches. The results show that the focus of Yahya bin Umar's attention is on the market rules that are reflected in the discussion of the bag (pricing). Implementation of prices (al-tas'ir) is a dominant theme in the book of Ahkam al-Suq, the author of the book, Imam Yahya bin Umar, repeatedly discussing it in various places. Apparently, he wants to say that price existence is an essential thing in a transaction and neglecting it can cause damage to people's lives. Related to this. Yahya bin Umar argues that al-tas'ir (pricing) cannot be done. Likewise, with Imam Ahmad, he criticized buyers who bought other people's goods at the same time. A seller who loses his price will monopolize the commodity, and if there is no competition, he can give it whatever he wants. Be more careful when making decisions. Imam Ahmad requested that such cases be remedied to avoid monopoly and other unpleasant practices.

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