Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

GRG Non-Linear and ARWM Methods for Estimating the GARCH-M, GJR, and log-GARCH Models Nugroho, Didit Budi; Panjaitan, Lam Peter; Kurniawati, Dini; Kholil, Zaini; Susanto, Bambang; Sasongko, Leopoldus Ricky
JTAM (Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika) Vol 6, No 2 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jtam.v6i2.7694

Abstract

Numerous variants of the basic Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models have been proposed to provide good volatility estimating and forecasting. Most of the study does not work Excel’s Solver to estimate GARCH-type models. The first purpose of this study is to provide the capability analyze of the GRG non-linear method built in Excel’s Solver to estimate the GARCH models in comparison to the adaptive random walk Metropolis method in Matlab by own codes. The second contribution of this study is to evaluate some characteristics and performance of the GARCH-M(1,1), GJR(1,1), and log-GARCH(1,1) models with Normal and Student-t error distributions that fitted to financial data. Empirical analyze is based on the application of models and methods to the DJIA, S&P500, and S&P CNX Nifty stock indices. The first empirical result showed that Excel’s Solver’s Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) non-linear method has capability to estimate the econometric models. Second, the GJR(1,1) models provide the best fitting, followed by the GARCH-M(1,1), GARCH(1,1), and log-GARCH(1,1) models. This study concludes that Excel’s Solver’s GRG non-linear can be recommended to the practitioners that do not have enough knowledge in the programming language in order to estimate the econometrics models. It also suggests to incorporate a risk premium in the return equation and an asymmetric effect in the variance equation. 
Understanding Nurses’ Caring Behavior: The Impact of Work Environment and Individual Factors Afandi, Alfid Tri; Ardiana, Anisah; Muhammad Nur, Kholid Rosyidi; Sutawardana, Jon Hafan; Rasni, Hanny; Sulistyorini, Lantin; Kurniawati, Dini
Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman Vol 20 No 3 (2025): Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman (JKS)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu-ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jks.2025.20.3.13689

Abstract

Nurse caring behavior is essential for the quality of healthcare services and patient well-being, yet several internal and external factors influence this behavior. This study analyzes the effects of work rewards, workload, motivation, and personality on nurses’ caring behavior. This cross-sectional study used a quantitative approach. Data were collected from 217 nurses in hospitals using structured questionnaires measuring variables of work rewards, workload, motivation, personality, and caring behavior. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The findings show that motivation has the most significant influence on caring behavior (β = 0.45, p < 0.01), followed by work rewards (β = 0.30, p < 0.01) and personality (β = 0.20, p < 0.01). Workload has a significant negative effect (β = -0.28, p < 0.01). An R-squared value of 0.65 indicates that these four variables can explain 65% of the variability in caring behavior. These findings support Gibson’s theory that environmental factors (work rewards, workload) and individual factors (motivation, personality) affect caring behavior. Motivation and work rewards drive caring behavior, while a high workload hinders it. Policies that enhance motivation and work rewards, along with balanced workload management, are necessary to support caring behavior in nurses Keywords: Caring behavior, Work rewards, Workload, Motivation, Personality.
Immune Response Indicators in Term and Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes: A Leukocyte Profile Evaluation Septiyono, Eka Afdi; Luthfiana Zaki, Nissa; Rahmawati, Iis; Kurniawati, Dini
Journal Of Nursing Practice Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jnp.v9i2.929

Abstract

Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PRM) occurs when membranes rupture spontaneously before delivery. PRM is categorized into preterm PRMor preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), occurring before and at 37 weeks of gestation, and term PRM or premature rupture of membranes (PROM), occurring after 37 weeks. Objective: This study aimed to determine differences in leukocyte profiles between term and preterm PRM cases at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. Methods: This research used an observational analytic design. This research involved two groups of pregnant women with term and preterm PRM. A total of 55 participants were included, with 28 in the preterm PRM group and 27 in the term PRM group. Data were collected from medical records between January 2023 and July 2024 using a purposive sampling technique. Normality tests were conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk Test. For normally distributed data (p > 0.05), the Independent T-Test was applied, while the Mann-Whitney Test was used for non-normally distributed data (p < 0.05). Results: The results showed no significant differences in lymphocyte (p-value=0,725) and neutrophil (p-value=0,893) levels. Similarly, no significant differences were found in leukocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil levels (p-values=0,987, 0,666, 0,949, and 0,979, respectively). Conclusion: The study showed no significant differences in the leukocyte profiles between term and preterm PRM. However, increased neutrophil counts in preterm cases may suggest an ongoing infection, highlighting the importance of monitoring leukocyte levels in PRM for potential infection risk management. Further studies are needed to assess how factors such as occupation and daily fatigue affect the incidence of PRM, especially in the preterm group.