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Journal : Amerta Nutrition

Faktor Risiko Stunting pada anak di Negara Berkembang Indah Budiastutik; Muhammad Zen Rahfiludin
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 3 (2019): AMERTA NUTRITION
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya-60115, East Java, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (921.599 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v3i3.2019.122-129

Abstract

Background: The problem of stunting occurs in developing countries including Indonesia. In Indonesia the prevalence of child stunting is 30.8%, still above the world prevalence, which is 22.2%. The prevalence of stunting in sub-Saharan Africa is 34.5%, in Ethiopia is 52.4%, and the prevalence of stunting in Congo is 40%. While WHO stipulates that nutrition problems should not exceed 20%. Stunting could inhibit linear growth, development and degenerative diseases later in adulthood.Objective: This review discussed the risk factors of child stunting in developing countries.Discusion: One of the causes of increased stunting in children was due to inadequate nutritional intake in a long period. Stunting was often not realized by parents and only visible after the age of 2 due to low stature. Based on the results of the literature review the likelihood of stunting in developing country were: 16.43 times morelikely due to low birth length, 3.27 times higher due to maternal education, 2.45 times higher if the children were living in rural area, 4.5 times higher due to low birth weight, no risk Antenatal Care increase the risk 3.4 times, 6.38 times higher due to no immunization, and no exclusive breastfeeding increase the risk of stunting 4.0 times.Conclusion: The risk factor for child stunting in developing countries are exclusive breastfeeding, socioeconomic, low birth weight, length of birth, low maternal education, infectious disease.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Masalah stunting (stunting) yang terjadi di Negara Berkembang seperti Indonesia masih tinggi yaitu 30,8% masih  di atas dunia yaitu 22,2%.  Stunting di sub sahara Afrika 34,5%, di Ethiopia  52,4%, prevalensi stunting di Congo 40%. Word Health Organization sudah menentukan bahwa terjadinya masalah gizi suatu negara sebaiknya kurang dari 20%. Stunting memiliki risiko gangguan pertumbuhan, perkembangan dan penyakit degeneratif pada usia dewasa nanti.Tujuan: Review ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risikos apa saja yang dapat menentukan terjadinya stunting anak di Negara berkembang.Ulasan: Berdasarkan dari beberapa hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa salah satu penyebab stunting pada anak adalah karena tidak terpenuhinya gizi yang baik pada kurun waktu yang panjang dan sering kali tidak disadari oleh orang tuanya sehingga setelah anak usia di atas 2 tahun baru terlihat bahwa anaknya mengalami stunting. Berdasarkan hasil literatur review menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko terjadinya stunting adalah panjang lahir berisiko 16,43 kali, pendidikan ibu yang rendah berisiko 3,27 kali, serta anak yang tinggal di desa berisiko 2,45 kali,  BBLR berisiko 4,5 kali, tidak ANC berisiko 3,4 kali, tidak imunisasi berisiko 6,38 kali, dan tidak ASI Eksklusif berisiko 4,0 kali  adalah merupakan faktor risiko  stunting anak di negara berkembang.Kesimpulan: Hasil sintesis ini secara konsisten yang menjadi faktor risikos terjadinya stunting pada anak di negara berkembang adalah tidak diberikan ASI eksklusif, sosial ekonomi, berat bayi lahir rendah, panjang lahir, pendidikan ibu rendah, penyakit infeksi.
Hubungan Penyakit Menular, Sumber Air Bersih, Praktik Kebersihan, dan Sanitasi dengan Kejadian Stunting: Studi Kasus Kontrol di Kabupaten Sambas: The Relation of Infectious Diseases, Water Access, Hygiene Practice, and Sanitation with the Stunting: A Case-Control Study in Sambas Regency Budiastutik, Indah; Pranaka, Resky Nanda; Amaliyah, Nurul; Hediyanti, Giska; Trisnawati, Elly
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 8 No. 1SP (2024): AMERTA NUTRITION SUPPLEMENTARY EDITION
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v8i1SP.2024.70-75

Abstract

Background: The main nutritional problem concerned by the Indonesian government is the stunting. This condition is affected by various aspects, mainly caused by infectious diseases, clean and unharmonious living behavior, the availability of drinking water, and environmental sanitation. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the relation of infectious diseases, water access, hygiene practices, and sanitation towards the stunting incidence factors in Sambas Regency. Methods: This research used Ex Post Facto with a case-control design. The study population was residents of Sambas Regency with a total of 535,725 people, a total sample of 241 children aged 0-59 months comprising of 89 respondents as cases and the rest 159 respondents as controls, using inclusion and exclusion criteria both from the control group and from the case group. Data analysis used the chi-square test. Results: The results showed a relation of infectious diseases (p-value=0.000), drinking water sources (p-value=0.000), clean and healthy living behavior (p-value=0.000), and environmental conditions (p-value=0.000) with the stunting incidences. Conclusions: The study concludes that there is a significant relation of infectious disease variables, the drinking water sources, hygiene practices, and environmental conditions with the stunting. It requires control and completion of the stunting cases through environmental sanitation improvement, namely the provision of access to clean water, healthy and clean living behaviors, and good cooperation between the government and the community, in educating people through counseling and socialization of the stunting prevention and management.
Determinan Balita Stunting di Kabupaten Landak, Kalimantan Barat: Studi Potong Lintang: The Stunting Determinants in Toddlers from Landak Regency, West Kalimantan: A Cross-Sectional Study Trisnawati, Elly; Widyastutik, Otik; Suryadi, Edy; Alamsyah, Dedi; Budiastutik, Indah; Ruhama', Ufi
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 8 No. 1SP (2024): AMERTA NUTRITION SUPPLEMENTARY EDITION
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v8i1SP.2024.61-69

Abstract

Background: Stunting is a nutrition problem that can slow down the growth. With prevalence at 32.5%, Landak Regency in West Kalimantan has been designated as a stunting hotspot. The lack of a maximum penalty for the stunting case in Landak Regency is not based on factors causing the stunting itself, because there is no identifiable factor causing the stunting in certain area due to narrow roads and sharp curves. Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify causes and distribution of the stunting case in Landak Regency. Methods: A total of 330 households in Meranti, Sebangki, and Senakin were included in this cross-sectional study because they were at a risk of the stunting. Toddlers, mothers, health care, and environmental factors were among the found variables. The researchers employed a basic random sampling strategy for the sampling and used the secondary health center data to find out whether or not toddlers were stunted. Researchers in this study collected data on the independent variables by observing and interviewing participants. Using the chi-square test, the data was analyzed. Results: The results showed that determinants of the stunting in Landak Regency were the history of early breastfeeding initiation (p-value=0.032), exclusive breastfeeding (p-value=0.042), frequency of exclusive breastfeeding (p-value=0.040), the continued breastfeeding (p-value=0.024), complementary feeding (p-value=0.042), immunization history (p-value=0.007), infectious disease history (p-value=0.000), maternal height (p-value=0.046), delivery assistance (p-value=0.000), access to health services (p-value=0.004), the role of health workers (p-value=0.002), and family latrine ownership (p-value=0.000). Conclusions: Several factors were found to be associated with incidence of the stunting among toddlers in Landak Regency.