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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Sari Pediatri B-Dent, Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Baiturrahmah Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS (JHI) Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Andalas obstetrics and gynecology journal Jurnal Ners Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia (JIKSI) Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Jurnal Otorinolaringologi Kepala dan Leher Indonesia (JOKLI) Jurnal Ilmu Psikologi dan Kesehatan Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan
Netti Suharti
Universitas Andalas
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Dentistry Engineering Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Veterinary Other

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Profil Oral Hygiene Index–Simplified (OHI‑S) dan Kadar Interleukin‑1β Saliva sebagai Biomarker Inflamasi pada Pasien dengan Gingivitis Bobby Bobby; Netti Suharti; Nila Kasuma
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1420

Abstract

Introduction: Gingivitis represents the initial stage of periodontal disease, primarily induced by dental plaque accumulation and characterized by gingival inflammation. Salivary interleukin-1β (IL-1β) has emerged as a key inflammatory biomarker in periodontal pathology. However, studies specifically examining the association between oral hygiene status and salivary IL-1β levels in adolescents with gingivitis remain limited in the Indonesian population. Objective: This study aimed to describe the Oral Hygiene Index–Simplified (OHI‑S) profile and salivary IL‑1β levels, and to analyze their correlation in adolescent patients with gingivitis. Methods: A cross‑sectional study was conducted involving 36 gingivitis patients aged 15–18 years in Padang City, selected through purposive sampling. Oral hygiene status was assessed using OHI‑S, while unstimulated whole saliva was collected to measure IL‑1β levels via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate approaches; Pearson correlation test was applied to evaluate the relationship between OHI‑S and IL‑1β with a significance level set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 15.97±1.03 years, with the majority categorized as middle adolescence (15 years). Only 8.3% of subjects demonstrated good OHI‑S, whereas 66.7% were classified as fair and 25% as poor, indicating substantial plaque and calculus accumulation. A moderate, positive, and statistically significant correlation was observed between OHI‑S scores and salivary IL‑1β levels (r=0.536; p=0.001), suggesting that poorer oral hygiene corresponds to elevated gingival inflammatory activity reflected by increased IL‑1β. Conclusion: Predominantly fair‑to‑poor oral hygiene among adolescents with gingivitis is significantly associated with elevated salivary IL‑1β levels. Salivary IL‑1β demonstrates potential as a non‑invasive inflammatory biomarker that can be integrated with OHI‑S for comprehensive assessment of gingival inflammatory status and for developing targeted preventive strategies against periodontal disease progression in adolescent populations.
Co-Authors Ade Asyari Afdal, Afdal Amir, Arni Armaini - Ashal, Taufik Aurelia Agantha Salim Azura Darmawan Beni Indra, Beni Bobby Bobby Christina Desbella B. Putriani Citra Manela Desmawati Desmawati Dwitya Elvira, Dwitya Elfira Yusri Elizabeth Bahar Elmatris Sy Elmatris Syamsir Elvia Fataya Eti Yerizel Fadrian, Fadrian Farinda Amalya Hakiman Fika Tri Anggraini Fildzah Nurul Fajrin, Fildzah Nurul Finny Fitri Yani Gusyaliza, Rini Haria Fitri Ilmiawati, Ilmiawati Johanes C. Mose Lola Lusita M. Andhika Dwi Putra Masrul Djalal Merry, Yussie Ater Muhammad Rayhan Braja Gitawama Mustafa Noer Nila Kasuma Nora Harminarti Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto Ravenna Salva Zahira Ridia Dityarika Rinang Mariko Rita Yaswir Roza Mulyana RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Salma Yuri Khairunnisa Syahrul, Muhammad Zulfadli Tofrizal Tofrizal Vivin Puspasari Yanti, Roza Sri Yasmin Nasywa Yetria Rilda Yuliarni Syafrita Yulistini, Yulistini Yundari, Yundari Yuniar Lestari Yusticia Katar Zahara Findi