Articles
The Impact of Certain Price of Natural Gas Policy on Indonesia’s Economy
Indah Prasetyawati;
Djoni Hartono
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 24, No 1 (2023): JEP 2023
Publisher : Muhammadiyah University Press
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DOI: 10.23917/jep.v24i1.21544
The Indonesian national industry has experienced a slowdown in growth and decrease in competitiveness, allegedly caused by the high price of natural gas. Therefore, the government intervened by implementing Certain Price of Natural Gas Policy (Harga Gas Bumi Tertentu), a policy that facilitates industries to obtain gas at lower prices through the issuance of Presidential Decree Number 121 of 2020 concerning Natural Gas Pricing. This study aims to analyze the impact of the policy on the national economy by considering the decline in state revenues as a consequence of the reduced price of natural gas for industry. Using the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model, analyses were carried out on various economic indicators. This study finds a decline in GDP for 0.076% in the short-run and an increase in GDP for 0.004% in the long-run. Furthermore, household income, in both rural and urban areas, decreases from 0.1 to 0.2% in both short and long-run. For industries that use gas intensively, the price reduction increases sectoral output and labor, and reduces commodity prices.
The Impact of Resilience on Household Food Insecurity in Indonesia
Pipit Ronalia;
Djoni Hartono;
Misdawita Misdawita
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Vol 21, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan
Publisher : Department of Development Economics, Universitas Sriwijaya
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DOI: 10.29259/jep.v21i1.20864
This study aims to determine the impact of resilience on household food insecurity in Indonesia. This study uses data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) and Village Potential Data Collection (Podes) in 2018. The resilience variable is a latent variable in the form of a score formed from the pillars of access to basic services, adaptive capacity, assets, and social safety nets. Meanwhile, the food insecurity variable is approached by the Rasch Scale and Raw Score based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Estimation of the resilience score was carried out using factor analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM). After estimating the resilience score, estimation using instrument variables with the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) method was carried out to determine the causal relationship between resilience and food insecurity. The number of community protection units (linmas) in residential villages is used as instrumental variable as a form of institutional quality approach. The results showed that the higher the level of resilience, the lower the level of household food insecurity. An increase in the resilience score by 1 unit will reduce the level of food insecurity by 0.733 units. The role of resilience in reducing food insecurity is quite large, around 22.212 relative to the average Rasch Scale of all observations.
The Impact of Resilience on Household Food Insecurity in Indonesia
Pipit Ronalia;
Djoni Hartono;
Misdawita Misdawita
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Vol. 21 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan
Publisher : Department of Development Economics, Universitas Sriwijaya
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DOI: 10.29259/jep.v21i1.20864
This study aims to determine the impact of resilience on household food insecurity in Indonesia. This study uses data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) and Village Potential Data Collection (Podes) in 2018. The resilience variable is a latent variable in the form of a score formed from the pillars of access to basic services, adaptive capacity, assets, and social safety nets. Meanwhile, the food insecurity variable is approached by the Rasch Scale and Raw Score based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Estimation of the resilience score was carried out using factor analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM). After estimating the resilience score, estimation using instrument variables with the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) method was carried out to determine the causal relationship between resilience and food insecurity. The number of community protection units (linmas) in residential villages is used as instrumental variable as a form of institutional quality approach. The results showed that the higher the level of resilience, the lower the level of household food insecurity. An increase in the resilience score by 1 unit will reduce the level of food insecurity by 0.733 units. The role of resilience in reducing food insecurity is quite large, around 22.212 relative to the average Rasch Scale of all observations.
Energy Poverty and Subjective Wellbeing: Empirical Analysis in Indonesia
Zetara Zetara;
Djoni Hartono
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Vol. 21 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan
Publisher : Department of Development Economics, Universitas Sriwijaya
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DOI: 10.29259/jep.v21i2.22576
As stated in the Sustainable Development Goals, energy poverty is a severe problem that is a priority for the United Nations to eradicate. In general, the study on energy poverty is concerned with objective indicators. More study still needs to evaluate energy poverty with subjective indicators, especially in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the relationship between energy poverty as measured by the Multidimensional Energy Poverty Index which is proxied by happiness. Based on consumer theory that an individual's utility in meeting their needs will influence their satisfaction, where satisfaction is closely related to happiness, it is hypothesized that there is a relationship between energy poverty, where someone has limited access to energy, which will harm their happiness—estimated using the panel fixed effect method using 17,918 individual data obtained from IFLS4 (2007) and IFLS5 (2014) survey data. These findings suggest that energy poverty is detrimental to personal happiness. Using firewood for cooking, not having access to electricity, and not having a refrigerator or TV are signs of low energy and significantly impact happiness. Access to energy is very influential in making everyday life easier, increasing productivity and quality of life for individuals.
Pengaruh Harga Bensin terhadap Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas di Indonesia
Kusdarwati, Eny;
Hartono, Djoni
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia Vol. 16, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub
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Traffic accident ranks the ninth largest of the cause of death in Indonesia. The most of researches studying Indonesia on traffic accidents were only blaming on human, motor vehicles, and environment as main culprits, not incorporating economic factors into the models. This study aims to analyze the impact of real gasoline prices on traffic accident in Indonesia and the factors of influence them. This research employs time series data from 1970 to 2013 with OLS analysis world crude oil prices as instrument variable. The estimator results show that real price of gasoline and the policy of usage of motorcycle light insignificant on traffic accident. Meanwhile, real GDP and asphalt roads significantly decrease the traffic accident. However, motorcycles significantly increase the traffic accident.
Analisis Kesediaan Membayar Air Bersih dan Sanitasi Rumah Tangga di Indonesia
Watekhi, Watekhi;
Hartono, Djoni;
Dewi, Rika Kumala
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia Vol. 12, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub
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Using Logistic Regression and Hedonic Price Model, this study aims to find the social-economic factors influencing the demand and willingness to pay (WTP) for clean water supply and proper sanitation. This study find that education and age of household head are the affecting factors. Also, it found that per capita expenditure affects the availability of access for sanitation and clean water for all household group. WTP for clean water and sanitation in urban is greater than in rural. In additions, WTP of non poor households are greater than poor household, except for urban area.
Instrumen Stimulus Fiskal: Pilihan Kebijakan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Perekonomian
Wardhana, Wisynu;
Hartono, Djoni
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub
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This study aims to identify the impact of the fiscal stimulus instrument choices on the economy, and to formulate policy options appropriate with the fiscal stimulus in boosting the economy, especially on economic growth, employment, and household income. The analysis tools is Applied General Equilibrium Model for Fiscal Policy Analysis (AGEFIS) using the Social Accounting Matrix database (SAM) of Indonesia in 2005. The simulation results show that (i) fiscal stimulus provide a boost to economic growth, employment, and household income, but on the other hand have a potential to cause an increase in price, (ii) government spending and cutting taxes on goods are the choice of instrument stimulus policies that provide the greatest multiplier effect in promoting economic growth, employment and household income.
Cost Burden and Accessibility: Analysis of Indonesian Household Energy Expenditure
Audhi Ahmad Balya;
Marcella Alika Hutabarat;
Djoni Hartono
Economics Development Analysis Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2019): Economics Development Analysis Journal
Publisher : Economics Development Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
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DOI: 10.15294/edaj.v8i1.27127
The Main Objectives of this study are to check whether Indonesian households suffer from energy poverty or not, as well as to determine the accessibility to certain modern energy accesses (LPG and Electricity) and the energy cost burden that Indonesian households must bear. Using data from SUSENAS 2014, this research is conducted by utilizing descriptive statistics analysis and Cross-Section OLS to achieve the objectives. It was found that there is no single Island Cluster in Indonesia suffers from energy cost burden. There are also differences in accessibility of modern energy and its relation to energy expenditure, especially in Maluku and Papua.
Housing Tenure Choice of Low-Income Household in Jabodetabek
Djoni Hartono;
Reza A Budiman;
Sasmita H Hastuti
Economics Development Analysis Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2020): Economics Development Analysis Journal
Publisher : Economics Development Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
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DOI: 10.15294/edaj.v9i1.37503
This study aims to identify the preferences of low-income people in making housing tenure choices within the next 5 years. Each person has the right to have a place to live in. However, the options available for low-income people to own a home are limited. Therefore, information on the preferences of low-income people in purchasing houses needs to be identified so that the government can formulate effective and efficient intervention policies. A sample of 1030 samples was obtained using the stratification sampling method, of which 638 are households had rental status (taking households with the lowest level of welfare between 10-40%) in the Regency and City. Discrete choice models were used to determine the preferences in owning a home. The study revealed that demographic variables and household characteristics variables (household size and length of stay) had consistent negative relationships with preferences for buying a house in the future. Also, the government needs to take action so that the socialization of housing policy becomes more optimal, effective and targeted. The goal of the policy socialization should be directed to newly married couples.
Energy Poverty and Education: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia
Hilma Oktaviani;
Djoni Hartono
Economics Development Analysis Journal Vol 11 No 2 (2022): Economics Development Analysis Journal
Publisher : Economics Development Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
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DOI: 10.15294/edaj.v11i2.48032
Energy poverty in Indonesia has brought negative impacts on various sectors, including education which is the fourth target in the Sustainable Development Goals. This study explores how energy poverty, which is proxied by the percentage of households consuming <32.4 kwh per month in district or cities in Indonesia in 2015 and 2017, affects education, which is proxied by average years of schooling in district or cities in Indonesia in 2019. By applying the 2SLS method, the instrument variable approach used is the geographical characteristics of an area which is the mean elevation value approach in districts or cities to accurately predict the impact of energy poverty on average years of schooling. The results show a negatively significant impact on education for both energy-poor condition. The results for the first condition (2015) shows that 0.993 year of average years of schooling will be lost due to energy poverty. Whereas in the second condition (2017), 0.164 year of average years of schooling will be lost. This research also serves as an empirical evidence that energy poverty does not directly affect the average years of schooling in districts and cities in Indonesia.