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Evaluation of worker body posture in the ice block moving process using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method Azwinur Azwinur; Ziyad Muammar; Usman Usman
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Fabrication Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Maret
Publisher : Journal of Mechafa Engineering and Fabrication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64273/jmef.v3i1.31

Abstract

Ergonomics is an important aspect in the industrial work environment, especially in maintaining worker well-being and increasing productivity. One of the main factors in ergonomics is the worker's posture during work activities, which has the potential to cause musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). CV XYZ, which is engaged in ice block production in Lhokseumawe, has a production capacity of up to 1,200 ice blocks per day with a work process that is still dominated by manual activities. Based on the results of initial observations, complaints of pain were found in the workers' waist and right shoulder, which indicates an ergonomic risk. This study, aXYZ, analyses the relationship between work posture and MSD complaints using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. The study was conducted descriptively and qualitatively through direct observation, interviews, and literature studies. The REBA assessment was carried out by measuring the body angles at the neck, back, arms, wrists, and legs during work activities. The results showed that for the first worker, the activity of removing ice blocks from the mould received a REBA score of 10 (high risk), while the process of arranging ice into vehicles received a score of 7 (moderate risk). For the second and third workers, each work activity received a score of 7 (moderate risk). These results are supported by Standard Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ) data, which indicated that the dominant complaints were in the shoulders and waist due to repetitive movements and non-ergonomic work postures. It can be concluded that several work activities pose ergonomic risks that require immediate improvement, particularly the process of removing ice cubes from the mould. Improvements can be made through the use of more ergonomic tools and improved work methods to reduce the risk of injury to workers
Design and fabrication of coconut shell charcoal crusher machine for briquette production Azwinur Azwinur; Andi Gilang Wira Pratama Azwinur; Zaini
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Fabrication Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Maret
Publisher : Journal of Mechafa Engineering and Fabrication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64273/jmef.v3i1.33

Abstract

Charcoal briquettes are an alternative fuel with a high carbon content, high calorific value, and a longer burning time than conventional fuels. Coconut shells are one potential raw material, but the crushing process is still often done manually, making them less efficient. This research aims to design and build a coconut shell charcoal crusher to improve process efficiency and add value to biomass waste. The research method includes the design, fabrication, and testing stages of the device. The manufacturing process includes frame design, material cutting, welding, assembly, and finishing. Tests were conducted with varying charcoal masses to determine the device's performance based on grinding results and processing time. The test results showed that the device is capable of producing two levels of fineness: fine and coarse. A 1 kg charcoal sample yielded 200 grams of fine and 800 grams of coarse charcoal in 1 minute and 50 seconds. A 3 kg charcoal sample yielded 600 grams of fine and 2400 grams of coarse charcoal in 3 minutes and 50 seconds, while a 5 kg sample yielded 1100 grams of fine and 3900 grams of coarse charcoal in 7 minutes and 30 seconds. These results indicate that increasing the amount of material is directly proportional to the processing time and production yield. The fine fraction is more suitable for briquette molding, while the coarse fraction requires further processing. Thus, the designed tool can increase the efficiency of the crushing process and support the utilization of coconut shell waste as an alternative energy source
Thermal distribution and macrostructural characteristics of TIG-welded Cu/SS316L dissimilar joints: experimental and numerical study Azwinur, Azwinur; Suprihanto, Agus; Kusuma, Mukhsinun Hadi; Rozi, Khoiri; Usman, Usman; Dharma, Surya; Hamdani, Hamdani
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.7838

Abstract

Dissimilar welding of copper (Cu) and Stainless Steel 316L (SS316L) presents significant challenges due to their large differences in thermal conductivity and melting temperature, which lead to asymmetric heat distribution and non-uniform penetration. This study aims to evaluate the effect of welding current on temperature distribution and macrostructural characteristics of TIG-welded Cu/SS316L joints using ERCuSi-A filler through an integrated experimental and numerical approach. Welding experiments were conducted at three current levels: 120 A, 135 A, and 150 A on 2.7 mm thick plates. Macrostructural examinations were performed to assess weld bead geometry and penetration behavior. Transient thermal simulations were carried out using ANSYS Workbench to predict temperature fields and thermal gradients. The results indicate that welding current significantly influences weld morphology and thermal behavior. At 120 A, the weld bead was relatively narrow with limited penetration on the Cu side due to rapid heat dissipation. At 135 A, a more uniform fusion profile was achieved, with simulated peak temperatures exceeding 1000°C and an improved penetration balance between Cu and SS316L. At 150 A, deeper penetration into SS316L was observed; however, the heating cycle became shorter and the temperature distribution more localized. Numerical results consistently showed asymmetric temperature fields, where heat diffused rapidly into Cu and concentrated in SS316L. The strong correlation between simulation and macrostructural observations confirms that thermal distribution governs weld geometry and penetration behavior. The 135 A current provides the most balanced fusion characteristics, making it suitable for Cu/SS316L dissimilar joints in heat-transfer applications.