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Regeneration of Spent Bleaching Earth by Calcination and Its Morphological Enhancement via KOH Impregnation Nugraheni, Ika Kusuma; Jaya, Jaka Darma; Nuryati, Nuryati; Sunardi, Sunardi; Irawati, Utami; Faiza, Putri Iis; Saputra, Dita Adi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 26, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99600

Abstract

Spent bleaching earth (SBE), a waste generated from palm oil bleaching, contains residual oil and organic matter that block its pore structure and pose environmental disposal concerns. Regeneration of SBE is therefore essential to enable its reutilization. In this study, SBE was regenerated by calcination and further modified via KOH impregnation at concentrations of 1.00, 0.10, and 0.01 M. The regenerated materials were characterized using XRF, SEM, TEM, XRD, and BET surface area analysis. Calcination combined with 0.10 M KOH impregnation increased the surface area from 8.70 to 93.81 m2/g, approaching the value of activated bleaching earth (94.29 m2/g), and significantly altered pore volume and pore size distribution. These findings indicate that calcination restores the basic structure of SBE, while subsequent KOH impregnation enhances its morphological properties, highlighting the potential of regenerated SBE as a low-cost adsorbent or catalyst support.
Effect of Macroporous Chitosan-Tripolyphosphate Beads on COD and Turbidity Values in Sasirangan Wastewater Ariyani, Dahlena; Maulana, Riana; Irawati, Utami; Mujiyanti, Dwi Rasy; Umaningrum, Dewi
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Article in Press 2026 (For Upcoming Issue)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v23i1.38-50

Abstract

A batch system was applied to study the effect of using macroporous cross-linked chitosan–tripolyphosphate (TPP) beads on chemical oxygen demand (COD) values and turbidity in Sasirangan wastewater. The ionic cross-linking reagent, sodium tripolyphosphate, was used to obtain more rigid chitosan beads, and sodium bicarbonate was added as a porogen. COD values were analyzed using the titrimetric method, and turbidity values were analyzed using the turbidimetric method. This analysis was used to study the effect of dose and pH on the performance of beads in Sasirangan wastewater. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization of the beads showed that NaHCO₃ as a porogen enlarged the pores in the chitosan–TPP beads, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) characterization showed interactions among chitosan, chitosan–TPP beads, and wastewater. The results showed that higher chitosan dosages resulted in increased final COD values in Sasirangan wastewater, and the higher the pH, the higher the COD value. The addition of beads reduced the turbidity value of the Sasirangan wastewater, with higher doses leading to greater turbidity reduction, with the optimum achieved at 400 mL/L. The pH conditions did not affect the reduction in the turbidity value, with less than 1% variation observed.
Characteristics of Chitosan from Chitin Deacetylation Using Different NaOH Concentration and Evaluation of Its Solubility in Liquid Smoke Ahmad Budi Junaidi; Nurul Hikmah; Utami Irawati; Nawwal Hikmah; Taufiqur Rohman
Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia Vol 20, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmiah Berkala Sains dan Terapan Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v20i1.25118

Abstract

This research aimed to determine the effect of chitosan characteristics produced from the deacetylation of chitin with various concentrations of NaOH on its solubility in liquid smoke. Chitin produced from rajungan shell raw materials was deacetylated using 40% NaOH (K40%), 50% (K50%), and 60% (K60%). The resulting chitosan was then measured of its degree of deacetylation (DD), molecular weight (BM), and solubility in liquid smoke. The results showed that K40% had a DD of 56.99%, K50% had a DD of 72.86% and a BM of 149.1 kDa, also K60% had a DD of 82.87% and a BM of 102.6 kDa. The solubility of chitosan in 10% liquid smoke indicated that K40% was not dissolved, K50% was almost completely dissolved, and K60% was completely dissolved.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol Red Using Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂)–Chitosan Composite Catalyst Assisted By Solar Energy Taufiqur Rohman; Muhammad Ridwan Baidhowi; Utami Irawati
Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia Vol 19, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmiah Berkala Sains dan Terapan Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v19i2.23475

Abstract

Phenol Red is a very water-soluble textile dye that belongs to the triphenylmethane dye class. In this study, a photocatalyst composite was synthesized by combining TiO2 as photocatalyst with chitosan as a solid support material. The aim of this research is to study what ratio of TiO2: Chitosan would yield the best-performing composites in catalysing the photodegradation of phenol red. This research also studied, the optimum dose of TiO2-chitosan for photodegradation of phenol red, and the effect of solar radiation time towards the photodegradation of phenol red. Into 100 mL of phenol red solution with an initial concentration of 25 ppm, chitosan beads and TiO2-Chitosan composites were added with various doses, i.e:  0.5:100, 1:100, 2:100, and 5:100 gram/mL. The mixtures were put into solar radiaton exposure for 6 hours, where the concentration of phenol red in the solution was analysed every 20 minutes. The highest degradation level of phenol red (72.84%) was achieved by using TiO2-Chitosan 5:10 composites, where the dose added was 5 grams of composite for in 100 mL sample along with a 6-hour of solar radiation exposure.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Naphthol Blue Black Using TiO2-Chitosan Catalyst Under Solar Energy Utami Irawati; Taufiqur Rohman; Khairun Nisa
Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia Vol 18, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmiah Berkala Sains dan Terapan Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v18i2.21809

Abstract

Naphthol blue black (NBB) is an aromatic azo compound that is potentially carcinogenic and mutagenic. An alternative method of dealing with dye waste is photocatalysis. Photocatalysis is a combination of photochemical processes with the use of catalysts. The purpose of this study is to obtain data on the ratio of TiO2: Chitosan, which produces composites with the best ability, irradiation time and optimum dose of TiO2, which is effective in the process of photodegradation of NBB. The process of NBB photodegradation by chitosan beads and composites and chitosan irradiated with the best irradiation time on reducing NBB levels is for 360 minutes with a decrease in concentration of NBB more than 80%. Beads composite TiO2: Chitosan ratio of 5: 10 produces optimal ability. The optimum dose of composite beads in the NBB photodegradation process is 1 g composite / 100 mL solution.
Efficiency of Chitosan and Alum as Coagulants for Peat Water Treatment Dahlena Ariyani; Utami Irawati; Taufiqur Rohman
Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia Vol 20, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmiah Berkala Sains dan Terapan Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v20i1.25697

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji efisiensi dari kitosan dan tawas sebagai koagulan untuk pengolahan air gambut. Dosis dan pH optimum koagulasi ditentukan berdasarkan penurunan turbiditas dan kadar senyawa organik dalam air gambut setelah dikoagulasi dengan kitosan dan tawas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis optimum untuk kitosan sebesar 5 mg/L dan tawas sebesar 15 mg/L dengan penurunan turbiditas sebesar 81,91% dan 76,28%. Koagulasi oleh kitosan dan tawas dipengaruhi oleh pH, dimana koagulasi oleh kitosan berlangsung optimum pada pH 8 dengan penurunan turbiditas sebesar 83,36%. Untuk tawas, pH optimum koagulasi adalah pada pH 7 dengan penurunan turbiditas sebesar 88,02%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tawas lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan kitosan dalam menurunkan kadar senyawa organik pada air gambut.
BANJAR ECOGUARDIAN GAME BERBASIS ETNOSAINS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN COMPUTATIONAL THINKING DAN LITERASI SAINS Maria Olpah; Arif Sholahuddin; Utami Irawati
Journal of Banua Science Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbse.v7i1.392

Abstract

Rendahnya tingkat literasi sains dan keterampilan berpikir komputasional di kalangan siswa sekolah dasar di tengah tuntutan abad ke-21 memerlukan intervensi media pembelajaran yang inovatif dan kontekstual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan merumuskan kerangka konseptual rancangan game edukasi berbasis etnosains lahan basah bertajuk "Banjar EcoGuardian" guna melatih kemampuan berpikir komputasional dan literasi sains siswa sekolah dasar secara simultan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berlandaskan pedoman PRISMA dengan menganalisis 20 artikel ilmiah relevan dari pangkalan data bereputasi (2019–2025) menggunakan teknik analisis isi kualitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Game-Based Learning efektif memvisualisasikan konsep sains abstrak dan meningkatkan motivasi belajar; kearifan lokal Banjar terkait ekosistem lahan basah memberikan konteks nyata yang menurunkan beban kognitif; serta integrasi mekanika teka-teki permainan menstimulasi indikator berpikir komputasional (dekomposisi, pengenalan pola, abstraksi, dan algoritma). Disimpulkan bahwa "Banjar EcoGuardian" menawarkan kerangka Ethno-STEM yang valid dan teoretis kuat untuk meningkatkan literasi sains dan logika komputasi siswa, dengan rekomendasi uji empiris lapangan lebih lanjut.
Mnemonic and Visual Approaches to Improve Students’ Understanding of the Periodic System of Elements at SMAN 2 Banjarbaru : Indonesia Arfan, Aulia Rhamdani; Wardani, Dyah Ayu Pramoda; Irawati, Utami; Santoso, Uripto Trisno; Sunardi; Rohman, Taufiqur
Jurnal Abdimas Madani dan Lestari (JAMALI) Volume 08, Issue 2, September 2026
Publisher : UII

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/jamali.vol8.iss2.art17

Abstract

Chemistry is often considered difficult by high school students because many of its concepts are abstract, technical, and require the retention of factual information. One fundamental topic that students need to master is the periodic table, as it supports their understanding of element symbols, element groups, periodic trends, and other chemistry concepts. This community service activity aimed to improve students’ understanding of the periodic table through mnemonic and visualization approaches. The activity was conducted at SMAN 2 Banjarbaru and involved 36 students from class X-6. The program consisted of interactive training on the Periodic System of Elements, a Chemical Elements BINGO game, and a short socialization session about the Chemistry Department. Students’ learning outcomes were evaluated using pre- and post-tests, while their responses to the activity were collected through a questionnaire. The average percentage of correct answers increased from 82.22% in the pre-test to 93.33% in the post-test, with an overall normalized gain (g) of 0.625, which falls within the medium category. A paired-samples t-test showed that the increase was statistically significant, t(35) = 2.76, p = 0.009, with a moderate effect size (Cohen’s dz = 0.46). Students also reported positive responses to the mnemonic method, visual learning media, and interactive learning process. These findings indicate that mnemonic and visualization approaches have the potential to support more engaging and interactive learning of the periodic table.