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Pemetaan spasio-temporal ikan-ikan herbivora di Kepulauan Spermonde, Sulawesi Selatan [Spatio-temporal mapping of herbivorous fishes at Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi] Ahmad Faizal; Jamaluddin Jompa; Natsir Nessa; Chair Rani
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 12 No 2 (2012): Desember 2012
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v12i2.118

Abstract

Herbivorous fish is one of the indicators of coral reef ecosystem health. The healthiness of coral reef ecosystem is characterized by the increasing of herbivorous fish abundance. The aims of this study were to map the spatio-temporal distribution of herbivorous fish and relationship between the health condition of coral reef and herbivorous fishes. The number of species and density of herbivorous fish were enumerated using visual census technique, whereas the assessment of coral reef condition using the quadrant methods. The distribution of data was plotted using data mapping technique. The density of herbivorous fishes between islands was compared using analyses of variance (ANOVA). Relationship between the density of fishes and coral reef was analyzed using simple linear regression. The results showed that abundance of herbivorous fish was range 0.014-0.532 ind.m-2 (April-August periods) and analysis of variance revealed that the abundance of herbivorous fish species between islands was different significantly. The density of herbivorous fish was correlated positively with coral reef condition. Abstrak Ikan herbivora di terumbu karang menjadi salah satu indikator tingkat kesehatan ekosistem. Pada terumbu karang yang sehat biasanya ditandai dengan kelimpahan ikan herbivora yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan distribusi spasial dan temporal ikan herbivora dalam kaitannya dengan kondisi kesehatan karang. Pendataan jumlah jenis dan kepadatan ikan herbivora dengan metode transek sabuk dan pencacahan dengan teknik visual sensus, sedangkan penilaian kesehatan karang dengan metode transek kuadran. Data sebaran diplot dengan teknik pemetaan sedangkan data kepadatan dikelompokkan berdasarkan pulau dan dianalisis perbedaannya dengan analisis ragam. Hubungan antara kepadatan ikan herbivora dengan kesehatan karang dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kepadatan ikan herbivora periode April-Agustus dengan kisaran 0,014-0,532 ekor.m-2. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan kepadatan ikan herbivora antarpulau. Hubungan antara kepadatan ikan herbivora dengan kondisi kesehatan karang berkorelasi positif dan nyata.
Environmental Factor Relationship To Coral Growth of Goniopora stokesi in Waters of Laelae Island And Barranglompo Island Dedy Kurniawan; Jamaluddin Jompa; Abdul Haris
ECOTONE Vol 1, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Riau University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ecotone.1.2.p.66-76

Abstract

Goniopora stokesi coral is one of the massive corals on Laelae Island and Barranglompo Island. Massive coral growth in the formation of coral skeleton sedimentation rate (CaCO3) is highly dependent on the environment. The research objective was to analyze the differences in the growth rates of G. stokesi, as well as the relationship between environmental factors and the growth rates of G. stokesi corals in Laelae Island and Barranglompo Island. This study uses secondary data on coral growth of G. stokesi and data on environmental conditions from 2009 to 2013, in the waters of Laelae Island and Barranglompo Island. Differences in coral growth rates were analyzed using One Way ANOVA analysis, if there were significant differences followed by a significant difference test according to the Bonferroni method, with SPSS 19.00 software. Analysis of the relationship between environmental factors and coral growth using the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) test with Microsoft Excel 2003 software. The results showed that the environmental conditions in the waters of Laelae Island and Barranglompo Island showed a range of values that were not too different, only the traffic, current, and turbidity values were different between the two islands. The coral growth rate of G. stokesi on Laelae Island was 9.72 ± 1.16 mm year-1, while on Barranglompo Island it was 12.47 ± 2.67 mm year-1. The coral growth of G. stokesi on Laelae Island was affected by high currents and turbidity, while on Barranglompo Island it was influenced by high salinity.
APLIKASI MODEL DINAMIK DAMPAK EUTROFIKASI DAN SEDIMENTASI BAGI PENGENDALIAN KERUSAKAN TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN SULAWESI SELATAN Chair Rani; M. Natsir Nessa; Jamaluddin Jompa; Syamsuddin Thoaha; Ahmad Faizal
Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada Vol 16, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (314.517 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jfs.9133

Abstract

The aplication of dynamic model to describe the effect of eutrophication and sedimentation on coral reefs damage in a wider scope. The trial were performed in two main areas of coral reefs in South Sulawesi, namely in Spermonde Archipelago and in Sembilan Archipelago in Bone Bay. Retrieval of data include measurements of water quality (nitrate and phosphate concentration) and the rate of sedimentation. While collecting of ecological data, namely macroalgae cover, coral reef cover, and species of herbivores and its abundance. Data was collected on monthly for 4 months at six stations/islands. The data was taken at two points on each island as replicates. Oceanographic data were taken every month, while the ecological data were taken at the end of the study. Nutrients concentration (nitrat and phosphat) and sedimentation rate were measured in laboratory. The result of the model test showed that the developed model is valid and broad-spectrum and therefore can be applied to other areas already impacted by eutrofi cation and sedimentation. The results of the execution of the model shows that all stations on the island leads Phase shift, namely the dominance of macroalgae cover in the future (about 2-4years in the future).
Scenario of Scleractinian Larva Dispersal in Sulawesi Waters From A Hydrodynamic Modeling Perspective Umar, Widyastuti; Jompa, Jamaluddin; Pata, Mustono
Jurnal IPTEKS Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/jipsp.v10i2.30965

Abstract

Scleractinian coral such as Lobophyllia corymbosa that reproduce by external fertilization have an extended planktonic phase in their life cycle during which they "drift" in the water column. This life cycle phase is an advantage in itself because it increases the capacity of propagules to disperse far from their place of origin. In this hydrodynamic model study, secondary data on bathymetry and tides for the western monsoon period (represented by November 2017) were input into the Surface Water Modelling System SMS 8.1 to simulate the surface current circulation model. In running this program there are 2 important stages, namely GFGEN (Geometry File Generation) and RMA2 (Resources Management Associates-2). The simulation of surface current direction during the west monsoon, which is the reproductive period of L. corymbosa in Indonesia, shows the complexity and distraction of current vectors that occur in the coastal waters around Sulawesi Island. The model results indicate the possibility of spatial and temporal biological networks forming in waters around Sulawesi. The current patterns forming in Sulawesi waters during the west monsoon tend to circulate from north to south due to the higher volume of water mass originating from the Pacific Ocean flowing to the southern part of Sulawesi which is also the entry point for the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). The larval dispersion model scenario produced for each location (Manado, Toli-Toli, Palu, Mamuju, Spermonde, Sinjai, Wakatobi, and Luwuk Banggai) tended to follow the water movement patterns, with most propagules leaving the location where they were spawned.
Disease Dynamics in Hard Corals: Transmission Study of Desulfovib-rio salexigens and Acinetobacter sp Rahmi; Jompa, Jamaluddin; Khairun Nisaa; Akmal
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): JAFH Vol. 14 No. 2 June 2025
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v14i2.68325

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze the dynamics of spread and tissue damage due to infection with Black Band Disease (BBD) on Pachyseris sp. and Brown Disease (BrB) on Acropora sp. Additionally, the effect of ambient temperature on transmission rates was investigated. The results demonstrated that BBD on Pachyseris sp. caused progressive tissue damage, characterized by zones of necrosis and distinctive black bands separating healthy tissue from dead tissue. At 31°C, the disease transmission rate increased twofold compared to 29°C, with an infection rate reaching 1.72 ± 0.76 cm/day. BrB on Acropora sp. showed the highest infection rate reaching 2.20 ± 0.41 cm/day at 29°C with a bacterial concentration of 106 CFU/ml. However, the infection rate decreased significantly at 31°C for all bacterial concentrations tested. The disease propagated linearly along the coral branches, manifesting as yellowish-brown discolouration attributable to symbiont ciliate activity. The virulence of pathogens such as Acinetobacter sp. increased at 31°C, accelerating the spread of necrosis through the production of toxins and enzymes that damage the coral epithelium. BrB symptoms appeared within 2 days at 29°C and only 1 day at 31°C. This study confirms that high temperature and sedimentation play a key role in accelerating disease dynamics in corals. Increasing seawater temperatures due to global climate change create ideal conditions for the spread of disease, threatening the sustainability of coral reef ecosystems. To mitigate these challenges, a multifaceted approach involving environmental management, carbon emission reduction, and the development of biotechnology to enhance coral resistance to pathogens is essential.
BAKTERI ASSOSIASI DI KARANG BATU (Skleractinian) YANG TERINFEKSI PENYAKIT TUMOR (Growth Anomalies) YANG BERASAL DARI PULAU SALEMO KABUPATEN PANGKEP Massinai, Arniati; Tahir, Akbar; Jompa, Jamaluddin; Rantetondok, Alexander
Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan SPERMONDE VOLUME 3 NUMBER 1, 2017
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/jiks.v3i1.2126

Abstract

 Coral disease is one of the threats to the health of coral but is not yet widely known. This study was conducted todetermine the types of bacterial associations in hard corals infected with growth anomaly (GA). Coral samplesinfected with GA disease were taken by using SCUBA tool on Salemo Island, Mattiro Bombang Village, PangkepDistrict. Bacterial isolation was performed by removing mucus from corals infected by growth anomaly by 1ml and diluted to dilution 10-3 . Purification of bacteria is done by inoculating the solid medium of Marine Agar.Furthermore, Gram staining and biochemical tests were performed. Bacterial identification was performed basedon colony morphology and biochemical reaction test results. The results showed that GA disease can infectcoral Porites, Acropora digitate, Platygyra and pocillopora . Bacteria are found from the genus Flavobacterium,Acinetobacter  and, Neiseria. Keywords: Bacteria association, coral stone, coral disease, growth anomaly
KEBERHASILAN REHABILITASI TERUMBU KARANG AKIBAT PERISTIWA BLEACHING TAHUN 2016 DENGAN TEKNIK TRANSPLANTASI Rani, Chair; Tahir, Akbar; Jompa, Jamaluddin; Faisal, Ahmad; Yusuf, Syafyudin; Werorilangi, Shinta; Arniati, Arniati
Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan SPERMONDE VOLUME 3 NUMBER 1, 2017
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/jiks.v3i1.2127

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the succesfullnes use of two coral reef transplantation methods in the rehabilitation ofcoral reefs damaged by the phenomenon of bleaching in 2016 at the waters of Liukangloe Island, Bulukumba, South Sulawesi.In this study two methods were implemented, i.e. methods frame-spider and methods of nails-natural substrates, with 5 unitsas replication, respectively. A total of three kinds of branching corals weretransplanted, namely Acropora robusta, Poritescylindrica, and Pocillopora verrucosa. On each unit transplantation models, attached 6 coral fragments with branch length of5-12 cm for each kind of corals. A total of 3 fragments for each species of corals were labeled and coded for the survival rateand absolute growth monitoring. All five unit of experiments on each model are placed on two areas separately and placedrandomly with depths ranging from 3-4 m in the northern part of island. Observations survival rate and absolute growth of coraltransplant were conducted for every 2 weeks for 28 days by counting the dead coral fragment or missing and measure the lengthof transplant coral branch with a measuring ruler. The effectiveness of the two methods was analyzed based on the survival andgrowth of the absolute value of coral transplant. Survival rate were analyzed descriptively and the average values of absolutegrowth were analyzed by t-student. The use of frame-spider methods and methods of nails-natural substrates as effective inrehabilitating the coral reefs from bleaching phenomenon based on the parameters of survival and growth of Acropora robusta,Porites cylindrica, and Pocillopora verrucosaKeywords: Transplantation methods, coral reef, bleaching coral, Liukang Loe Island
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ZOOXANTHELLAE OF ISOPORA PALIFERA AND ACROPORA HYACINTHUS FROM KARANRANG ISLAND, INDONESIA Hasanah, Alinda N; Rukminasari, Nita; Yunus, Budiman; Yanuarita, Dewi; Jompa, Jamaluddin; Suharto, Suharto; Inaku, Dwi Fajriati
Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan SPERMONDE VOLUME 4 NUMBER 1, 2018
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/jiks.v4i1.3798

Abstract

Climate change and global warming cause massive damage to the environment. One of the major events that arethreatening the marine ecosystem is coral bleaching. Coral bleaching occurs when corals are exposed to above or belownormal temperatures. The aims of this study are to compare the resistance of Isopora palifera and Acropora hyacinthusfrom Karanrang Island to temperature stress. Four treatment temperatures (28ºC, 30ºC, 32ºC, and 34ºC) were tested toassess the role of temperature stress and bleaching to Isopora palifera and Acropora hyacinthus for 48-hours. Theabundance of zooxanthellae counted as the temperature stress variable. The results showed that there was a difference ofcoral response tothe treatment based on the time of experiment, after 48-hours experimentexposed at temperaturetreatment of 34°C the abundance of zooxanthellae from Isopora paliferawas 0,06 x105 cm-2 and the abundance ofzooxanthellae from Acropora hyacinthus is 0,18 x105cm-2. In comparison between species, Isoporapalifera taken fromKaranrang Island was more resistant to temperature stress thanAcroporahyacinthus.
TEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF EUTROPHICATION LEVEL AND SEDIMENTATION RATE IN CORAL REEF AREA OF SPERMONDE AND SEMBILAN ISLANDS, SOUTH SULAWESI Rani, Chair; Nessa, M Natsir; Faizal, Ahmad; Werorilangi, Shinta; Tahir, Akbar; Jompa, Jamaluddin
Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan SPERMONDE VOLUME 4 NUMBER 1, 2018
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/jiks.v4i1.3799

Abstract

Spermonde and Sembilan Islands (Bone Bay) are the central distribution of coral reefs in South Sulawesi. These archipelagos are likely to be at risk from eutrophication and sedimentation from intensive agriculture and aquaculture activities, in particular through transport of nutrients and materials discharged to the river systems on the Sulawesi mainland. The aim of this study was to analyse the temporal dynamics of eutrophication levels and sedimentation rates on coral reefs area of Spermonde and Sembilan Islands. Nutrient concentration and sedimentation rate were collected at monthly intervals over 4 months, at six stations: three in the Spermonde Islands (Laiya, Kodingareng, and Samalona Islands), and three in the Sembilan Islands, Sinjai District (Batanglampe, Kambuno, and Burungloe Islands), with two data collection points/replicates at each station/island. The results showed that phosphate concentration and sedimentation rates were higher in the Sembilan Islands, whereas nitrate concentrations were similar in both island groups. Nitrate concentration data indicated that eutrophication levels was varied, ranging from oligotrophic to eutrophic conditions, depends on months. In July and September, eutrophication was observed at all stations in both locations. Sedimentation rates were higher in the Sembilan Islands, but declined gradually until the end of the study time. Conversely, at stations in the Spermonde Islands, especially Samalona and Kodingarengkeke Islands, sedimentation level was increased significantly until the end of the study.
ECO-PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY OF PORITES LUTEA IN MARGINAL CORAL REEF HABITAT Zainuddin, Mudasir; Jompa, Jamaluddin; Yusuf, Syafyudin; Samawi, Muhammad Farid; Werolilangi, Shinta
Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan SPERMONDE VOLUME 7 NUMBER 2, 2021
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/jiks.v7i2.14647

Abstract

Marginal coral reefs are located in a limited aquatic environment, causing coral organisms to live under threat and only certain species of coral are able to survive. Porites lutea is one species of coral that is able to live in normal and marginal coral reef conditions. The purpose of this study is to determine the ecology of Porites lutea, the physiological ability of Porites lutea's Productivity (P) and Respiration (R), coral reef habitat conditions and environmental factors that affect the distribution of Porites luteal in normal and marginal locations. This study used the belt transect method, measurement of coral colony volume, physiological productivity (P) and respiration (R), transect picture for substrate cover and coral reef conditions and CTD to measure environmental indicators such as temperature, salinity, turbidity, chlorophyll and DO. The results shows that the density of Porites coral is higher at normal coral reef locations (Pak Kasim), the highest volume range is 25-100 cm3, with the largest size in the 451-475 cm3 class. P/R values ​​is higher at normal coral reef sites, especially in reef slope areas. Coral reef habitat cover is dominated by abiotic components with poor coral reef conditions in marginal and normal environments. Water temperature was significantly different (P=0.039) between two normal and marginal locations with a range of 27.08 - 27.51 oC, Salinity was significantly different (P=0.145) with a salinity 33.44ppt at normal locations and 32.88 ppt at marginal locations. The chlorophyll and oxygen number was not significantly different between the two locations, the range of chlorophyll 0.03 – 0.15 mg/L and oxygen 2.49 – 5.23 mg/L. The turbidity factor was significantly different between locations (P=4.86E-07) where the marginal location in Sample was more turbid than the normal location in Pak Kasim. This study shows that there are differences between normal and marginal waters in environmental conditions and physiological reactions of Porites lutea, but this coral is able to survive to show their resilience to environmental stresses.  Keywords: Coral physio-ecology, Porites lutea, P/R ratio, marginal coral reefs.