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ANALISIS PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA BAHASA PERTAMA DAN KEDUA ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI PAUD GENDIS KELURAHAN SARI REJO MEDAN POLONIA Siregar, Nurul Arafah; Kartolo, Rahmat
Jurnal Bahastra Vol 7, No 1 (2022): Edisi September 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/bahastra.v7i1.5519

This study analyzed the acquisition of Indonesian in the first and second languages of children aged 5-6 years in Paud Gendis, Sari Rejo Village, Medan Polonia. The problem discussed in this study is that there is a student at PAUD Gendis who is aged from 5-6 years old who still uses the first language in interacting and communicating with his friends and teachers. This can refer to several factors that make children still use their first language so that children have difficulty in learning the acquisition of their second language. The object of study is the field of phonology. The data presentation technique carried out, the researcher used a descriptive pattern. Researchers used a diary of how children speak in interacting with their teachers or friends and used video tape as a substitute for notebooks. Next is to take each utterance and describe the context. This research was conducted using a method of listening to the use of language. The basic technique of this method is in the form of tapping technique and is followed by advanced techniques in the form of free listening and note-taking techniques. As a result of the analysis of the 16 children, there were 7 children who made a lot of laryngal or hamzah sounds in sentences ending in the vowels /a/, /i/, and /u/. not only that, there were 7 children who experienced phonological changes resulting in sound changes such as the phoneme /r/ to /l/, /d/ to /t/ and /n/ to /m/. in this case, 7 children who are already 5-6 years old are classified as unnatural, because the child's age can already obtain a second language or be perfect in the mention and sound of the language used by the child. This greatly makes the child later have difficulty in speaking opponents because it is still difficult to understand the meaning of the child's language.

PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS CERPEN SISWA SMP NEGERI 3 PERBAUNGAN MELALUI PENERAPAN TEKNIK TRANSFORMASI LAGU Suyanto, Suyanto; Kartolo, Rahmat
Jurnal Bahastra Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Edisi Maret 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/bahastra.v7i2.6820

One of the language skills that are no less important is writing skills. Writing skill is the skill of pouring ideas and thoughts into a written work that can be enjoyed by readers. The aim of this research is to improve short story writing skills through the application of song transformation techniques. This research is included in the type of classroom action research with a population of class X students of SMP Negeri 3 Perbaungan with a sample of 38 students in class X-10. The instruments used in this study were observation, in-depth review, and short story writing skill tests. The analysis technique used is comparative critical analysis. Learning that is carried out by correcting the weaknesses and deficiencies of the learning process carried out by the teacher has a significant impact. This is evidenced by increasing the percentage of student learning completeness from 57.89% to 89.47%, in this case, indicated by the class average score which increased from 64.42 with and standard deviation of 22.95 to 73.11 and a standard deviation of 13.35. If examined in more depth, this increase occurs when the teacher begins to provide feedback in the form of motivation and appreciation to students for overcoming problems in writing, whether caused by a lack of ideas or weaknesses in short story writing techniques.One of the language skills that is no less important is writing skill. Writing skill is the skill of pouring ideas and thoughts into a written work that can be enjoyed by readers. The aim of this research is to improve short story writing skills through the application of song transformation techniques. This research is included in the type of classroom action research with a population of class X students of SMP Negeri 3 Perbaungan with a sample of 38 students in class X-10. The instruments used in this study were observation, in-dept review, and short story writing skill tests. The analysis technique used is comparative critical analysis. Learning that is carried out by correcting the weaknesses and deficiencies of the learning process carried out by the teacher has a significant impact. This is evidenced by increasing the percentage of student learning completeness from 57.89% to 89.47%, in this case, indicated by the class average score which increased from 64.42 and standard deviation of 22.95 to 73.11 and a standard deviation of 13.35. If examined in more depth, this increase occurs when the teacher begins to provide feedback in the form of motivation and appreciation to students for overcoming problems in writing, whether caused by a lack of ideas or weaknesses in short story writing techniques.

ANALISIS KESALAHAN EJAAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA PENULISAN WACANA DESKRIPSI SISWA SMA NEGERI 1 DOLOK BATU NANGGAR Pratiwi, Siska; Kartolo, Rahmat
Jurnal Bahastra Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Edisi Maret 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/bahastra.v7i2.6826

Indonesian always grows and develops according to changing times and technological advances. As a language that experiences growth and development, of course there are many obstacles in the process, one of which is related to the spelling used. Even though the use of language spelling has been applied in written communication for a very long time, in practice there are still many errors in writing. The purpose of this study was to analyze Indonesian spelling errors in the discourse descriptions of class XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun Regency. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach which is included in linguistic research which aims to produce descriptive data. The instrument used to capture data in this study was observation to analyze EBI errors in student-made descriptive discourse. Data analysis in this study began with data collection through observation and documentation, then identification, description, and classification of data based on errors were carried out. Based on the results of an analysis of the students' discourse descriptions, several mistakes were made by students, including errors in the use of letters, errors in the use of capital and lowercase letters, errors in writing prepositions and affixes, errors in writing loanwords and errors in the use of punctuation marks. The most dominant error is an error in writing absorption words, namely with a completeness of 59.72% which is far from sufficient.

ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN BAHASA SISWA SMA EDU GLOBAL SCHOOL MEDAN DI MEDIA SOSIAL Syahputra, Rahmat Ramadhan; Kartolo, Rahmat
Jurnal Bahastra Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Edisi Maret 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/bahastra.v7i2.6752

A language is a communication tool used in everyday life, including in social media, without using language, communication will not work properly. The use of language in social media is interesting because it can be observed as related to sentence structure which refers to syntax, morphology, semantics, phonology, and pragmatics. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to find out students' use of language on social media in terms of grammar and language variations. The research conducted is a descriptive analysis that will provide an overview of the phenomena studied with a qualitative approach based on observations of students' use of language on social media. The sample used in this study were 4 students of class X SMA Edu Global School who have accounts on Instagram and WhatsApp social media. The selection of this sample was done randomly. The instruments used were observation sheets for grammatical errors and observation sheets for language variations. The data collected was then analyzed descriptively to show an overview of students' use of grammar and language variations in social media. The results of observations on students' use of language on social media, it can be concluded that there are errors in the use of student grammar on social media, for example, errors in writing words and phrases, errors in the use of punctuation marks such as periods, errors in the concept of repeating words, rarely or never using capitalize the initial letters and use abbreviations for a word or errors in writing/typing. In addition, there are three language variations used by students on social media, namely: language variations between Indonesian and English, local languages, and slang; the use of non-formal language caused by using word abbreviations; and language variations caused by using forms of expression/onomatopoeia.Language is a communication tool used in everyday life, including in social media, without using language, communication will not work properly. The use of language in social media is interesting because it can be observed as related to sentence structure which refers to syntax, morphology, semantics, phonology and pragmatics. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to find out students' use of language on social media in terms of grammar and language variations. The research conducted is a descriptive analysis which will provide an overview of the phenomena studied with a qualitative approach based on observations of students' use of language on social media. The sample used in this study were 4 students of class X SMA Edu Global School who have accounts on Instagram and WhatsApp social media. The selection of this sample was done randomly. The instruments used were observation sheets for grammatical errors and observation sheets for language variations. The data collected was then analyzed descriptively to show an overview of students' use of grammar and language variations in social media. The results of observations on students' use of language on social media, it can be concluded that there are errors in the use of student grammar on social media, for example errors in writing words and phrases, errors in the use of punctuation marks such as periods, errors in the concept of repeating words, rarely or never using capitalize the initial letters and use abbreviations for a word or errors in writing/typing. In addition, there are three language variations used by students on social media, namely: language variations between Indonesian and English, local languages, and slang; the use of non-formal language caused by using word abbreviations; and language variations caused by using forms of expression/onomatopoeia.

ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN BAHASA SISWA SMA EDU GLOBAL SCHOOL MEDAN DI MEDIA SOSIAL Syahputra, Rahmat Ramadhan; Kartolo, Rahmat
Jurnal Bahastra Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Edisi Maret 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/bahastra.v7i2.6752

A language is a communication tool used in everyday life, including in social media, without using language, communication will not work properly. The use of language in social media is interesting because it can be observed as related to sentence structure which refers to syntax, morphology, semantics, phonology, and pragmatics. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to find out students' use of language on social media in terms of grammar and language variations. The research conducted is a descriptive analysis that will provide an overview of the phenomena studied with a qualitative approach based on observations of students' use of language on social media. The sample used in this study were 4 students of class X SMA Edu Global School who have accounts on Instagram and WhatsApp social media. The selection of this sample was done randomly. The instruments used were observation sheets for grammatical errors and observation sheets for language variations. The data collected was then analyzed descriptively to show an overview of students' use of grammar and language variations in social media. The results of observations on students' use of language on social media, it can be concluded that there are errors in the use of student grammar on social media, for example, errors in writing words and phrases, errors in the use of punctuation marks such as periods, errors in the concept of repeating words, rarely or never using capitalize the initial letters and use abbreviations for a word or errors in writing/typing. In addition, there are three language variations used by students on social media, namely: language variations between Indonesian and English, local languages, and slang; the use of non-formal language caused by using word abbreviations; and language variations caused by using forms of expression/onomatopoeia.Language is a communication tool used in everyday life, including in social media, without using language, communication will not work properly. The use of language in social media is interesting because it can be observed as related to sentence structure which refers to syntax, morphology, semantics, phonology and pragmatics. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to find out students' use of language on social media in terms of grammar and language variations. The research conducted is a descriptive analysis which will provide an overview of the phenomena studied with a qualitative approach based on observations of students' use of language on social media. The sample used in this study were 4 students of class X SMA Edu Global School who have accounts on Instagram and WhatsApp social media. The selection of this sample was done randomly. The instruments used were observation sheets for grammatical errors and observation sheets for language variations. The data collected was then analyzed descriptively to show an overview of students' use of grammar and language variations in social media. The results of observations on students' use of language on social media, it can be concluded that there are errors in the use of student grammar on social media, for example errors in writing words and phrases, errors in the use of punctuation marks such as periods, errors in the concept of repeating words, rarely or never using capitalize the initial letters and use abbreviations for a word or errors in writing/typing. In addition, there are three language variations used by students on social media, namely: language variations between Indonesian and English, local languages, and slang; the use of non-formal language caused by using word abbreviations; and language variations caused by using forms of expression/onomatopoeia.

ANALISIS PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA BAHASA PERTAMA DAN KEDUA ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI PAUD GENDIS KELURAHAN SARI REJO MEDAN POLONIA Siregar, Nurul Arafah; Kartolo, Rahmat
Jurnal Bahastra Vol 7, No 1 (2022): Edisi September 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/bahastra.v7i1.5519

This study analyzed the acquisition of Indonesian in the first and second languages of children aged 5-6 years in Paud Gendis, Sari Rejo Village, Medan Polonia. The problem discussed in this study is that there is a student at PAUD Gendis who is aged from 5-6 years old who still uses the first language in interacting and communicating with his friends and teachers. This can refer to several factors that make children still use their first language so that children have difficulty in learning the acquisition of their second language. The object of study is the field of phonology. The data presentation technique carried out, the researcher used a descriptive pattern. Researchers used a diary of how children speak in interacting with their teachers or friends and used video tape as a substitute for notebooks. Next is to take each utterance and describe the context. This research was conducted using a method of listening to the use of language. The basic technique of this method is in the form of tapping technique and is followed by advanced techniques in the form of free listening and note-taking techniques. As a result of the analysis of the 16 children, there were 7 children who made a lot of laryngal or hamzah sounds in sentences ending in the vowels /a/, /i/, and /u/. not only that, there were 7 children who experienced phonological changes resulting in sound changes such as the phoneme /r/ to /l/, /d/ to /t/ and /n/ to /m/. in this case, 7 children who are already 5-6 years old are classified as unnatural, because the child's age can already obtain a second language or be perfect in the mention and sound of the language used by the child. This greatly makes the child later have difficulty in speaking opponents because it is still difficult to understand the meaning of the child's language.

PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS CERPEN SISWA SMP NEGERI 3 PERBAUNGAN MELALUI PENERAPAN TEKNIK TRANSFORMASI LAGU Suyanto, Suyanto; Kartolo, Rahmat
Jurnal Bahastra Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Edisi Maret 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/bahastra.v7i2.6820

One of the language skills that are no less important is writing skills. Writing skill is the skill of pouring ideas and thoughts into a written work that can be enjoyed by readers. The aim of this research is to improve short story writing skills through the application of song transformation techniques. This research is included in the type of classroom action research with a population of class X students of SMP Negeri 3 Perbaungan with a sample of 38 students in class X-10. The instruments used in this study were observation, in-depth review, and short story writing skill tests. The analysis technique used is comparative critical analysis. Learning that is carried out by correcting the weaknesses and deficiencies of the learning process carried out by the teacher has a significant impact. This is evidenced by increasing the percentage of student learning completeness from 57.89% to 89.47%, in this case, indicated by the class average score which increased from 64.42 with and standard deviation of 22.95 to 73.11 and a standard deviation of 13.35. If examined in more depth, this increase occurs when the teacher begins to provide feedback in the form of motivation and appreciation to students for overcoming problems in writing, whether caused by a lack of ideas or weaknesses in short story writing techniques.One of the language skills that is no less important is writing skill. Writing skill is the skill of pouring ideas and thoughts into a written work that can be enjoyed by readers. The aim of this research is to improve short story writing skills through the application of song transformation techniques. This research is included in the type of classroom action research with a population of class X students of SMP Negeri 3 Perbaungan with a sample of 38 students in class X-10. The instruments used in this study were observation, in-dept review, and short story writing skill tests. The analysis technique used is comparative critical analysis. Learning that is carried out by correcting the weaknesses and deficiencies of the learning process carried out by the teacher has a significant impact. This is evidenced by increasing the percentage of student learning completeness from 57.89% to 89.47%, in this case, indicated by the class average score which increased from 64.42 and standard deviation of 22.95 to 73.11 and a standard deviation of 13.35. If examined in more depth, this increase occurs when the teacher begins to provide feedback in the form of motivation and appreciation to students for overcoming problems in writing, whether caused by a lack of ideas or weaknesses in short story writing techniques.

ANALISIS KESALAHAN EJAAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA PENULISAN WACANA DESKRIPSI SISWA SMA NEGERI 1 DOLOK BATU NANGGAR Pratiwi, Siska; Kartolo, Rahmat
Jurnal Bahastra Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Edisi Maret 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/bahastra.v7i2.6826

Indonesian always grows and develops according to changing times and technological advances. As a language that experiences growth and development, of course there are many obstacles in the process, one of which is related to the spelling used. Even though the use of language spelling has been applied in written communication for a very long time, in practice there are still many errors in writing. The purpose of this study was to analyze Indonesian spelling errors in the discourse descriptions of class XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun Regency. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach which is included in linguistic research which aims to produce descriptive data. The instrument used to capture data in this study was observation to analyze EBI errors in student-made descriptive discourse. Data analysis in this study began with data collection through observation and documentation, then identification, description, and classification of data based on errors were carried out. Based on the results of an analysis of the students' discourse descriptions, several mistakes were made by students, including errors in the use of letters, errors in the use of capital and lowercase letters, errors in writing prepositions and affixes, errors in writing loanwords and errors in the use of punctuation marks. The most dominant error is an error in writing absorption words, namely with a completeness of 59.72% which is far from sufficient.

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