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All Journal Medicina E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Bali Dermatology and Venereology Journal Neurologico Spinale Medico Chirurgico Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Journal of General-Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia Bali Dermatology Venereology and Aesthetic Journal Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Nyoman Suryawati
Departemen Dermatologi And Venereologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana-RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Disregulasi IL-17, CD4 neutrofil, IL-10, PGE-2, iNOS, dan MMP-9 di jaringan kulit terhadap kerusakan saraf dermal pada pasien erythema nodusum leprosum I Gusti Nyoman Darmaputra; Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa; Anang Endaryanto; IGAA Elis Indira; Nyoman Suryawati; Evy Ervianti; Linda Astari; Bagus Bagus
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): (Available online: 1 August 2019)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1006.913 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v%vi%i.441

Abstract

Introduction: The mechanism of nerve damage in ENL patients is important to be revealed because the problem of nerve damage is not getting enough attention in handling ENL patients. Some pro-inflammatory mediators that have been studied are risk factors for nerve damage in ENL.Aim: This study aim in knowing the mechanism of nerve damage in the relation with its risk factors, which are CD64 neutrophil, IL-17, MMP-9, and iNOS with PGE-2 and IL-10 protective factor and IL-10 in ENL patients.Method: This is an analytic cross-sectional design study with tissue samples from 30 leprosy patients with ENL in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Samples from biopsy examined using IHC method to evaluate S-100, IL-10, IL-17, PGE-2, iNOS, MMP-9, and CD64 neutrophil expressions. The result calculated within 20 view field with 1000 times magnification.Result: CD64 neutrophil (p=0.022, r=-0.417), IL-17 (p=0.001, r=-0.560), iNOS (p=0.005, r=-0.502) and MMP-9 (p=0.025, r=-0.409) has significant correlation with S-100. There is no significant correlation between IL-10 (p=0.061) and PGE-2 (p=0.407) with S-100.Conclusion: Expressions of IL-17, CD64 neutrophil, MMP-9, and iNOS in tissue correlate with nerve damage in ENL patients.
Karakteristik profil pasien urtikaria akut di poliklinik kulit dan kelamin Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Sanglah periode Oktober 2017- 2018 Gede Mahadika Pradipta Atmaja; Nyoman Suryawati; Luh Made Mas Rusyati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): (Available online: 1 December 2019)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (282.483 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v10i3.469

Abstract

Background: Acute urticaria is a skin disorder that is often encountered that can cause redness to respiratory obstruction so that emergency emergencies and urticaria lesions that last more than 72 hours are indicative of hospitalized patients. This study aims to describe the characteristics of acute urticaria at Dermato-Venerology Polyclinic, Sanglah General Hospital during October 2017-2018 period.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from medical records of patients with urticaria in Sanglah General Hospital in the October 2017-2018 period. Data retrieval was taken by the Total Sampling method. Distribution of research variables namely, gender, age, genetic, causative factors, were collected. Data analysis is described in the form of tables and narratives using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: The results showed that there were 23 acute urticaria patients in this study, the age of the most research samples was in the Adult age category with a large percentage of 60.87%, the most gender-based study sample was female gender with a percentage of 78.3%, research genetic samples most of them are in the absence of genetics, with a percentage of 91.3%, the work of most research samples in housewives with a percentage of 34.8%, the most common cause of acute urticaria is in food allergies with a percentage of 56.5%.Conclusion: The incidence of acute urticaria is most common in adulthood, female sex, housewives, and food allergies.
Profil dermatitis kontak akibat kerja pada pekerja garmen di Kota Denpasar Made Wardhana; Made Martina Windari; I Gusti Ayu Agung Dwi Karmila; Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti Karna; Ni Made Dwi Puspawati; I Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsisni; Luh Made Mas Rusyati; Nyoman Suryawati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): (Available online: 1 August 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (308.159 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v11i2.649

Abstract

Background: The development of the garment industry in Bali is increasing as a tourism supporting industry. As a consequence the number of garment and textile companies is growing in quantity and quality. According to data in the Denpasar City, there were around 125 large garment companies employing at least 100 workers. A small garment company as a home industry is almost five hundred. The impact of the development of the garment industry requires a lot of human resources by recruiting, opening jobs both for trained and untrained workers, most of whom are casual workers, without getting attention in terms of health. This research was conducted to collect data about the pattern of skin lesions (work-related contact dermatitis) in garment workers in Denpasar City because they do not have complete and accurate data.Methods: The method used in this study was a survey on three large garment companies in Denpasar with interviews and examinations of their skin disease patterns.Results: Total 288 workers included in this study consisted of 105 (36.5%) men and 183 (63.5%) women. From 288 respondents, 74 workers (25.7%) suffer from skin disorders related to their work. The occupational category that suffered the most was colouring workers of 30 people.Conclusion: The pattern of skin disease in garment workers by 25.7% suffering from DKAK. Disease categories are often workers who come into contact with colour materials. Latar Belakang: Perkembangan industri garment di Bali semakin meningkat sebagai salah satu industri penunjang pariwisata. Sebagai konsekuensi jumlah perusahan garmen dan tekstil semakin banyak secara kuantitas dan kualitas. Menurut data di kodya Denpasar, tercatat sekitar 125 perusahan garmen yang besar dengan memperkerjakan sedikitnya 100 orang pekerja. Perusahan garmen yang kecil sebagai industri rumah tangga hampir sebanyak lima rastusan. Dampak dari perkembangan industri garment membutuhkan banyak tenaga kerja dengan merekrut, membuka lapangan pekerjaan baik itu untuk pekerja yang terlatih maupun yang tidak terlatih, kebanyakan merupakan pekerja lepas, tanpa mendapat perhatian dari segi kesehatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data tentang pola kelainaan kulit pada(DKAK) pekerja garment  di Kodya Denpasar, karena belum memiliki data yang lengkap dan akurat.Metode: Metode yang digunakan pda penelitian ini adalah survelanse, pada 3 perusahan garment yang besar di Denpasar dengan wawancara dan pemeriksaan terhadap pola penyakit kulitnya.Hasil: Dari 288 pekerja yang di ikut sertakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 105 (36,5%) laki-laki dan 183 (63,5%) perempuan. Dari 288 responden, sebanyak 74 pekerja (25,7%) yang menderita kelainan kulit yang berhubungan dengan pekerjaannya. Katagori pekerjaan yang paling banyak menderita adalah pada pekerja pencelupan (coloring) sebesar 30 orang.Simpulan: Pola penyakit kulit pada pekerja garment sebesar 25,7% menderita DKAK. Katagori penyakit sering adalah pekerja yang berhubungan kontak dengan bahan warna.
A case of secondary syphilis with stage four HIV infection accompanied with tuberculous lymphadenitis in bisexual man Ni Made Dwi Puspawati; Ni Nyoman Suryawati; Prima Sanjiwani S. Sudarsa
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): (Available online: 1 December 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (494.602 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v11i3.687

Abstract

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is still a major health issue nowadays. Several studies have shown an increased incidence of STIs in the group of man who has sex with man (MSM) and bisexuals when compared to heterosexual men or women. This is inseparable from risky sexual behaviour practiced by this population, so it is not impossible for individual in this population to be suffering from more than one STI.Case description: We report one case of secondary syphilis with fourth stage HIV infection accompanied with tuberculous lymphadenitis in a bisexual man.Conclusion: Management of each specific condition have to in accordance with treatment standards guideline. Long term evaluation regarding patient compliance, laboratory serology test, and further education regarding the disease and transmission are mandatory.
Kadar IL-10 plasma berkorelasi positif dengan kadar IgM anti PGL-1 pada narakontak serumah pasien kusta tipe multibasiler Ida Ayu Uttari Priyadarshini; Nyoman Suryawati; Luh Made Mas Rusyati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (448.663 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1334

Abstract

Introduction: A healthy person who contacts people diagnosed with leprosy can be at a high risk of being infected with leprosy with a predominance of the subclinical stage. The MB type infection has a 4-10 times greater risk of developing into a clinical form. Early detection of subclinical leprosy is important so that it can play a role in the process of eliminating leprosy. If it is not screened, most of the subclinical stage leprosy can develop into the clinical stage and can cause physical deformities. Phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) is a specific antigen for M.leprae and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that shows the body's immune response. Research on the relationship between levels of IL-10 and IgM anti-PGL-1, especially in Bali, has not been carried out, so this study aims to find a relationship between levels of IL-10 and levels of IgM anti-PGL-1 in household contacts of multibacillary leprosy patients. Methods: This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional and was carried out in February-May 2021 at the Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic and Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Sanglah Hospital Denpasar, and the Leprosy reference laboratory, Tropical Diseases Center, Universitas Airlangga. Samples aged 18-65 years were selected through Consecutive Sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample was taken from venous blood and then checked for levels of PGL-1 and IL-10. Data analysis using SPSS version 23. The results were considered significant if p<0.05. Results: The mean level of IgM anti-PGL-1 in the contact group vs. the non-contact group was 863.07 ± 789.04 u/ml vs 247.75 ± 161.60 u/ml. The mean levels of IL-10 in the contact and non-contact groups were 121.09 ± 144.11 pg/ml and 46.04 ± 11.27 pg/ml. There was a significant difference in levels of IL-10 and IgM anti-PGL-1 in the contact group and non-contact groups (p<0.05) and a weak positive relationship (r=0.296, p=0.02) between levels of IL-10 and anti-PGL-IgM. 1. Conclusion: The levels of IgM anti-PGL-1 and IL-10 in the contacts were higher than in the non-contacts with a significant difference.   Pendahuluan: Narakontak merupakan salah satu kelompok dengan risiko tinggi terinfeksi kusta dengan dominansi stadium subklinis. Pada infeksi tipe MB memiliki resiko 4-10 kali lebih besar berkembang menjadi bentuk klinis. Deteksi dini pada penyakit kusta subklinis ini menjadi penting sehingga dapat berperan dalam proses eliminasi kusta. Jika dibiarkan sebagian besar kusta stadium subklinis dapat berkembang menjadi kusta klinis dan dapat menimbulkan deformitas pada fisik. Phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) merupakan antigen spesifik untuk M. leprae dan Interleukin-10 (IL-10) merupakan sitokin anti-inflamasi yang menunjukkan respon imun tubuh. Penelitian mengenai hubungan antara kadar IL-10 dan IgM anti PGL-1 khusunya di Bali belum dilakukan, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan mencari hubungan antara kadar IL-10 dengan kadar IgM anti PGL-1 pada narakontak serumah pasien kusta tipe multibasiler. Metode: Penelitian merupakan studi observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang dan dilaksanakan bulan Februari-Mei 2021 di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin dan Laboratorium Patologi Klinik, RSUP Sanglah Denpasar dan laboratorium rujukan Leprosy, Tropical Diseases Centre, Universitas Airlangga. Sampel berusia 18-65 tahun dipilih melalui Consecutive Sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Sampel dilakukan pengambilan darah vena kemudian diperiksa kadar PGL-1 dan IL-10. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS versi 23. Hasil dianggap signifikan jika p<0,05. Hasil: Rerata kadar IgM anti PGL-1 kelompok narakontak vs bukan narakontak sebesar 863,07 ± 789,04 u/ml vs 247,75 ± 161,60 u/ml. Rerata kadar IL-10 kelompok narakontak dan bukan narakontak sebesar 121,09 ± 144,11 pg/ml dan 46,04 ± 11,27 pg/ml. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada kadar IL-10 dan IgM anti PGL-1 pada kelompok narakontak dan bukan narakontak (p<0.05) serta hubungan positif lemah (r=0,296, p=0,02) antara kadar IL-10 dengan IgM anti PGL-1. Simpulan: Kadar IgM anti PGL-1 dan IL-10 pada narakontak lebih tinggi dari non narakontak dengan perbedaan yang signifikan.
Kadar feritin yang rendah merupakan faktor risiko melasma pada wanita Aurelia Stephanie; Luh Made Mas Rusyati; Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti Karna; Ketut Kwartantaya Winaya; Nyoman Suryawati; I Gusti Ayu Agung Dwi Karmila
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 2 (2022): (In Press : 1 August 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (349.212 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i2.1473

Abstract

Introduction: Melasma is an acquired pigmentation disorder characterized by symmetrical hyperpigmented patches, most commonly seen on the face. Melasma and iron deficiency are most common in women of reproductive age. Iron deficiency causes a decrease in ferritin levels, which are iron stores in the body. The mechanism of iron deficiency causing melasma is thought to be due to cell hypoxia in the tissue involving mediators that increase melanogenesis. This study aims to prove that the mean ferritin level is lower in melasma than without melasma and that low ferritin levels are a risk factor for melasma in women. Methods: A case-control research included 28 participants with melasma and 28 without melasma who visited the dermatovenereology department of Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, medical cosmetic division, in May-July 2022. The two groups will compare ferritin mean and ferritin risk factor analysis on the incidence of melasma. Data were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS 26. Results: The mean age in the melasma group was 40.64±3.39 years old, and the group without melasma was 37.64±3.50 years old (p=0.75). Of the 28 melasma subjects, there were more subjects with low ferritin levels (60.7%) than the group without melasma (32.1%). From the results of the Mann-Whitney test, the mean ferritin level in the melasma group (36.32±31.05) was significantly lower than in the non-melasma group (58.26±5.39); p=0.006. From the results of the Chi-Square test, it was found that low ferritin levels had a risk of 3.2 times the occurrence of melasma [OR (95% CI) = 3.2 (1.098-9.776), p=0.032]. Conclusion: The mean ferritin level in women with melasma is lower than in women without melasma, and low ferritin levels are a risk factor for melasma.   Latar Belakang: Melasma merupakan kelainan pigmentasi didapat yang ditandai dengan adanya bercak hiperpigmentasi simetris, paling sering terlihat pada wajah. Melasma dan defisiensi besi paling sering dijumpai pada wanita usia reproduktif. Defisiensi besi menyebabkan turunnya kadar feritin yang merupakan cadangan besi dalam tubuh. Mekanisme defisiensi zat besi menyebabkan melasma diduga akibat hipoksia sel di dalam jaringan melibatkan mediator yang meningkatkan melanogenesis. Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan rerata kadar feritin lebih rendah pada melasma dibandingkan tanpa melasma serta membuktikan kadar feritin yang rendah merupakan faktor risiko melasma pada wanita. Metode: Studi case-control yang melibatkan 28 subjek dengan melasma dan 28 subjek tanpa melasma yang berobat ke poliklinik kulit dan kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah divisi kosmetik medik periode Mei-Juli 2022. Kedua kelompok akan dibandingkan rerata feritin dan analisis faktor risiko feritin terhadap kejadian melasma. Data ditabulasi dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS 26. Hasil: Rerata usia pada kelompok melasma 40.64±3,39 tahun dan kelompok tanpa melasma 37,64±3,50 tahun (p=0,75). Dari 28 subjek melasma, didapatkan lebih banyak subjek dengan kadar feritin rendah (60,7%) dibandingkan kelompok tanpa melasma (32,1%). Dari hasil uji Mann-Whitney didapatkan rerata kadar feritin pada kelompok melasma (36,32±31,05) lebih rendah secara signifikan dibandingkan pada kelompok bukan melasma (58,26±5,39); p=0,006. Dari hasil uji Chi-Square didapatkan kadar feritin yang rendah memiliki risiko sebesar 3,2 kali terjadinya melasma [OR (IK 95%) =3,2 (1,098-9,776), p=0,032]. Simpulan: rerata kadar feritin pada wanita dengan melasma lebih rendah dibandingkan wanita tanpa melasma dan kadar feritin yang rendah merupakan faktor risiko melasma.
Aloe Vera sebagai Terapi Alternatif Psoriasis Nyoman Suryawati; Juliyanti
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.688

Abstract

Psoriasis merupakan penyakit kulit inflamasi kronis, berkaitan erat dengan faktor genetik dan lingkungan. Berbagai modalitas terapi psoriasis seperti sistemik, topikal, ataupun fototerapi dapat menimbulkan efek samping. Aloe vera topikal merupakan salah satu terapi alternatif herbal psoriasis karena memiliki efek antiinflamasi, antimikroorganisme, antiproliferasi, dan keratolitik. Berbagai uji klinis melaporkan bahwa Aloe vera efektif menurunkan derajat keparahan psoriasis tipe plak kronis, tanpa efek toksik ataupun efek samping serius, Aloe vera topikal aman dan dapat dipertimbangkan menjadi terapi alternatif herbal untuk psoriasis. Psoriasis is a chronic disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, associated with genetic and environmental factors. Treatments such as systemic, topical, and phototherapy are mostly used in long periods with potential side effects. An alternative herbal treatment is topical Aloe vera as antiinflammation, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and keratolytic. Clinical trials reported the effectiveness of Aloe vera in decreasing the psoriasis severity, particularly in plaque type without toxicity and side effects. Topical Aloe vera is safe and can be considered as an alternative herbal treatment
Metode Diagnostik Dermatitis Kontak Protein Nyoman Suryawati; Christiana Paramita
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol. 45 No. 11 (2018): Neurologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i11.700

Abstract

Dermatitis kontak protein (DKP) adalah reaksi alergi pada kulit yang dipicu oleh protein berasal dari tanaman atau hewan. DKP merupakan dermatitis kontak tipe cepat dipicu oleh protein bermolekul tinggi diduga suatu reaksi hipersensitivitas tipe I atau gabungan reaksi hipersensitivitas tipe I dan IV. DKP penting dipertimbangkan sebagai diagnosis banding dermatitis kronis pada tangan terutama pada individu dengan pekerjaan berisiko tinggi kontak dengan protein. Tes tusuk merupakan metode diagnostik baku emas. Penatalaksanaan DKP yang utama adalah menghindari alergen penyebab dan terapi topikal kortikosteroid potensi tinggi. Protein contact dermatitis (PCD) is an allergic skin reaction induced principally by proteins of either animal or plant origin. PCD is immediate contact reaction caused by protein of greater molecular weight with possible type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction or a combined type 1 and type 4 hypersensitivity reaction. It is important to consider PCD as clinical differential diagnosis of chronic hand dermatitis, especially in high risk occupation contact with protein. Clinical presentation PCD is chronic recurrent dermatitis involving hand and forearms. Prick test is a gold standard test for PCD. The primary step of treatment is avoidance particular allergen and high-potency corticosteroids topical agents
Necrotic lower extremities ulcers caused by calciphylaxis in chronic renal failure patient Nyoman Suryawati; Herman Saputra
Bali Dermatology Venereology and Aesthetic Journal BDVJ - Vol. 1 No. 1 (June 2018)
Publisher : Explorer Front

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/vcjd9e41

Abstract

Introduction: Lower extremity ulcers often create diagnostic challenges and influence patient morbidity and mortality. The most common causes are venous insufficiency, arterial insufficiency, and neuropathic. Ulcers associated with systemic condition often face diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We report a necrotic lower extremity ulcer caused by calciphylaxis in a patient with chronic renal failure. Case: We reported a 48-year-old Javanese woman, complained of painful lower extremities ulcers since 1.5 months ago. The patient had a history of renal failure and hypertension, undergone routine hemodialysis since 13 years ago, and used Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) since one year ago. Dermatology status on dorsum pedis sinister as well as cruris dexter and sinister showed multiple ulcers on livid skin covered by black eschar, accompanied by tenderness. Laboratory results showed anemia (Hb 7.6), hypoalbuminemia (2.7), increased serum urea level (170.4 mg/dl), increased serum creatinine (11.23 mg/dl), increased calcium (10.4 mg/dl), high inorganic phosphorus (8.5 mg/dl) and high parathyroid hormone (2,164). BOF examination showed abdominal calcification, while radiographic examination on cruris dexter et sinister showed soft tissue calcification and osteoporosis. Histopathology result supported the presence of calciphylaxis. The patient was diagnosed with stage V chronic renal failure, hypertension, and calciphylaxis caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism. She was managed by low calcium and phosphate diet, lanthanum, paracetamol, folic acid, adalat oros, captopril and wound debridement. Conclusion: Calciphylaxis is rare phenomenon of cutaneous necrosis associated with end-stage renal disease. Control of end-stage renal disease may be an important factor for treatment of calciphylaxis and patient with calciphylaxis usually had a poor prognosis.
Low plasma melatonin levels negatively correlate with melasma severity Praharsini, I Gusti Ayu Agung; Khathreen, Corry; Suryawati, Nyoman; Indira, I Gusti Ayu Agung Elis; Pramita, I Gusti Ayu Sattwika
Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia Vol. 8, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background: Chronic exposure to ultraviolet light plays a role in the pathogenesis of melasma. Exposure to excessive sunlight leads to the formation of free radicals. As a result, the body responds by forming antioxidants such as melatonin, which is activated through the melatoninergic antioxidative system to fight oxidative stress. The relationship between melatonin and melasma is yet to be elucidated. This study aims to determine the correlation between melatonin and the severity of melasma. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study involved 50 melasma subjects and 10 non-melasma subjects who met the inclusion criteria and were aged between 21-50 years at Prof. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah National General Hospital, Denpasar. The severity of melasma was measured by calculating the melasma area severity index (MASI) score and plasma melatonin levels were assessed using the ELISA method. Results: The median plasma melatonin level in the melasma subjects was lower (92.48 ng/ml) than in non-melasma subjects (436.35 ng/ml), with a p-value of Conclusion: Low plasma melatonin levels negatively-correlate with the severity of melasma.
Co-Authors Aditya Permana Aditya Permana Anang Endaryanto Andrew Wicaksono Aurelia Stephanie Bagus Bagus Bharata, Putu Evindya Vipascitadewi Nandanaya Christiana Paramita Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa Darmaputra, I Gusti Nyoman Duarsa, Putu Laksmi Anggari Putri Elis Indira, I Gusti Ayu Agung Evy Ervianti Gede Mahadika Pradipta Atmaja Gunawan, Regina Hasri Dewi Herman Saputra Herman Saputra I Gde Nengah Adhilaksman I Gde Nengah Adhilaksman I Gusti Ayu Agung Dwi Karmila I Gusti Ayu Agung Elis Indira I Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsini I Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsisni I Gusti Nyoman Darmaputra Ida Ayu Uttari Priyadarshini IGAA Ellis Indira IGAA Praharsini Indira, I Gusti Ayu Agung Elis Indira, IGAA Ellis Jason Jonathan Jihan Prani Wibowo Juliari, Gusti Ayu Made Juliyanti Juliyanti - Juliyanti -, Juliyanti Ketut Kwartantaya Winaya Khathreen, Corry Laksmi, I Gusti Ayu Agung Mini Linda Astari, Linda Luh Gede Melia Puspita Sari Luh Made Mas Rusyati Made Martina Windari Made Swastika Adiguna Made Wardhana Mohana Naravenah Ni Kadek Yunita Arsita Dewi Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti Karna Ni Made Dwi Puspawati Ni Putu Melda Dharmahayu Nyoman Upadana Nyoman Yoga Maya Pramita Paramahamsa, Shirdi Paramita, Christiana Praharsini, IGAA Pramita, I Gusti Ayu Sattwika Prima Saraswati Sanjiwani Sudarsa Putu Yonika Budiarisma Ricky Fernando Maharis Sanjiwani, Saraswati Prima Saraswati Prima Sanjiwani Saraswati Sudarsa, Prima Sanjiwani Wicaksono, Rafael Lilik Winaya, Ketut Kwartantaya