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Effect of Varying Chitosan Molecular Weights on the Morphology and Physical Characteristics of PVA/Chitosan Composite Hydrogels Sihombing, Yuan Alfinsyah; Luthfianti, Halida Rahmi; Waresindo, William Xaveriano; Rodhiyah, Marathur; Nafisah, Nur’aini; Hapidin, Dian Ahmad; Edikresnha, Dhewa; Khairurrijal, Khairurrijal
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

We employed the innovative freeze–thaw method to investigate the effect of chitosan (CS) molecular weights incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol on the morphology and physical characteristics of the hydrogel. This study aimed to unravel the intricate relationships between CS molecular weight variations, CS concentration, and the number of freeze–thaw cycles (4 or 6 cycles) on hydrogel swelling degree and weight loss. Incorporating CS improved the hydrogel structure and enhanced its porosity, resulting in remarkable increases in swelling degree ranging from 2 to 6 times the initial weight. Higher molecular weight CS (310,000–375,000 Da) exhibited a lower swelling degree than medium molecular weight CS (190,000–310,000 Da), attributed to its ability to prevent crystal formation during the freeze–thaw process. Increased freeze–thaw cycles led to a decreased swelling degree, which indicated enhanced rigidity and stability due to more significant hydrogen bond formation with hydroxyl groups. Higher CS content amplified hydrogel weight loss, and additional cycles accentuated this effect, highlighting the challenge of maintaining an effective gel structure. CS with medium molecular weight emerged as the more suitable choice for applications demanding superior water absorption.
Peningkatan Karakter dan Minat Peserta Didik di SMA Negeri 1 Panyabungan Utara Khairurrijal, Khairurrijal; Hasibuan, Maryam Hasim; Lubis, Nur Hamidah; Nasution, Nur Saidah; Nst, Rizky Sholatiah Yasin
Jurnal Pengabdian Sosial Vol. 1 No. 7 (2024): Mei
Publisher : PT. Amirul Bangun Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59837/c88hwj06

Abstract

Apel pagi merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang mengerakan sikap kedisiplinan bagi siswa sebelum kegiatan belajar mengajar dimulai. Tujuan dari diadakannya kegiatan apel pagi yaitu untuk meningkatkan karakter dan minat peserta didik, karakter sebagai kehidupan dengan melakukan tindakan-tindakan yang berhubungan dengan diri seseorang dan orang lain. Sedangkan minat minat diartikan sebagai keadaan psikologi seseorang yang melibatkan erhatian yang terfokus, meningkatnya fungsi kognitif, kegigihan, dan keterlibatan sikap atau afektif. Kegaitan apel dilakukan di SMA 1 Negeri Panyabungan Utara setiap paginya. Sebelum pelaksanaan apel pagi, peserta didik terlebih dahulu ditertibkan untuk membentuk barisan di lapangan utama sekolah menurut kelasnya masing-masing agar memudahkan untuk mencek kehadiran peserta didik. Pelaksanaan apel pagi diberikan kewajiban kepada peserta didik untuk mengisi setiap acara sebagai sarana penyampaian informasi dan pengembangan kreativitas peserta didik. Hasil yang didapatkan dari kegiatan apel pagi yaitu adanya kesadaran peserta didik terhadap karakter serta meningkatnya minat belajar peserta didik melalui motivasi-motivasi yang diberikan.
Cross-linking formation of taro starch (colocasia esculenta)-based hydrogel using freeze-thaw method: synthesis and physical characterization Luthfianti, Halida Rahmi; Nafisah, Nuraini; Waresindo, William Xaveriano; Sawitri, Asti; Hapidin, Dian Ahmad; Noor, Fatimah Arofiati; Elfahmi, Elfahmi; Edikresnha, Dhewa; Khairurrijal, Khairurrijal
Greensusmater Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Green and Sustainable Materials Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62755/greensusmater.2025.2.2.36-48

Abstract

This study successfully made starch from taro tuber flour using immersion methods (AQ, SM) and centrifugation methods (CE). Taro starch with the AQ method produced the most starch content, thus improving the viscosity parameter in the pasting properties test. A simple mathematical model was used to control the taro starch pasting process and product. The highest R-value in the AQ sample was 309.88 s, indicating the strongest starch granule resistance. Meanwhile, the S-value in this study showed that all samples were above 1, which indicated that water penetration affected the swelling rate of starch granules. Taro starch with different isolation methods was analyzed for hydrogel formation using optical microscopy, SEM, swelling degree test, weight loss, color analysis, and texture profile analysis (TPA). The morphological images show three phases of a taro starch hydrogel formation: granular, potential cross-linking, and cross-linking hydrogel with a firm structure. Optimization of freeze-thaw process parameters was carried out to determine the optimum parameters of starch hydrogel formation, which was obtained under freezing conditions for 17 hours at -23°C and thawing for 7 hours at 4°C. The sample CE resulted in the most stable hydrogel formation, showing the highest amylose content, protein content, and the lowest impurities or ash content. The CE starch concentration of 10% resulted in the highest swelling degree and the lowest weight loss, indicating that the ability of the hydrogel to maintain its structure was stronger and more elastic. The textural properties of CE hydrogel at a concentration of 10% showed the most stability. It had the highest hardness, fracturability, chewiness, and springiness. Physical characteristics showed that the starch hydrogels had a dense, porous surface and formed a cross-linking structure. It can potentially be used in functional food applications to control the release of bioactive compounds. 
PERANAN AUDIT INTERNAL DALAM MENUNJANG EFISIENSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL PADA SISTEM PENGGAJIAN PT ILLUMINATI METAMORPHOSIS Azzahra, Asya; Alyah R, A. Fadilah; Khairurrijal, Khairurrijal; Ramadhani, Dwi Zahra; Ramadhani, Misliyatul
JURNAL LENTERA AKUNTANSI Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL LENTERA AKUNTANSI, November 2025
Publisher : POLITEKNIK LP3I JAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34127/jrakt.v10i2.1927

Abstract

The payroll system is one of the processes most vulnerable to errors and fraud, making effective internal control and the role of internal audit essential to ensure accuracy, transparency, and accountability. This study aims to analyze the role of internal audit in supporting the efficiency and effectiveness of internal control within the payroll system of PT Illuminati Metamorphosis. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through interviews, observations, and documentation related to payroll procedures and internal monitoring mechanisms. The findings indicate that the implementation of internal audit at PT Illuminati Metamorphosis is not yet fully adequate due to the absence of formal written policies and procedures, as well as insufficient separation of duties. Although internal audit contributes to enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of the payroll process, improvements are still required, particularly in documentation practices, segregation of duties, and the development of a digital payroll system to strengthen internal control.
Beyond Silence: Addressing Sexual Education in Islamic Educational Institutions for a Holistic Contemporary Curriculum Nasution, Suryadi; Pohan, Ali Jusri; Khairurrijal, Khairurrijal; Nur, Kholidah
Jurnal Ilmiah Iqra' Vol 19, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/jii.v19i2.3548

Abstract

Sexual education within Islamic educational institutions is frequently silenced by cultural and religious stigma; however, this study unveils the potential for transformation through a holistic approach. Employing a qualitative methodology involving interviews, observations, and document analysis in Mandailing Natal, this research reveals that 68% of students, 62% of teachers, and 57% of parents endorse the teaching of sexuality within an Islamic framework. Nevertheless, existing curricula, encompassing 25% coverage in pesantrens, 15% in madrasahs, and 8% in junior high schools (SMP), fail to deliver substantial comprehension (20-35%) due to normative and fragmented approaches. A pilot implementation of a holistic model in a pesantren, integrating biology, Islamic ethics, and guided discussions, enhanced student understanding by 85% and reduced teacher stigma by 60%, with the collaboration of ulama and local elements serving as pivotal factors. This study proposes a replicable model that bridges tradition and modernity, asserting that silence can be overcome to protect adolescents from digital risks without compromising Islamic identity. Its implications are pertinent to global Islamic educational reform.
The Effect ofIslamic Religious Education on Religious Moderation Attitudes Nurjamilah, Nurjamilah; Khairurrijal, Khairurrijal; Nasution, Syafri Martabe Rizka; Masyhudi, Fauza
Ahlussunnah: Journal of Islamic Education Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): December
Publisher : STIT Ahlussunnah Bukittinggi

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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of Islamic religious education on the attitudes of moderation among students. This issue is based on the importance of teaching values of religious moderation, such as anti-violence, tolerance, commitment to nationality, fairness, self-confidence, and politeness. Schools, as the initial environment for character building, have a strategic role in internalizing these values to the younger generation. The objectives of this study are to determine the implementation of Islamic Religious Education in schools and to determine the effect of Islamic Religious Education on the attitudes of moderation among students. This study uses a quantitative method with an associative approach. The data collection technique for this research was in the form of distributing questionnaire instruments, then the data obtained was analyzed using simple linear regression through SPSS 25. The results of this study show that Islamic Religious Education has a strong positive impact on religious moderation attitudes, indicating that the variable of Islamic Religious Education contributes significantly to the formation of religious moderation, which includes aspects of tolerance, national commitment, anti-violence, fairness, confidence, and politeness. The implication is that Islamic Religious Education has a significant contribution in shaping moderate religious values among students. The next process with the T test produced a calculated T of 15.324, while the table T at a significance level of 5% was 1.708, so the calculated T > table T (15.324 > 1.708).  This indicates that there is a significant effect of Islamic Religious Education on the attitudes of moderation in religion among students