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Determination of fluoride content in toothpaste using spectrophotometry Susanti Pudji Hastuti; Devinta Lestari; Yohanes Martono
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 3 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (355.638 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v46.i3.p124-129

Abstract

Background: Intake excessive fluoride in children’s teeth are generally marked with white and brown patches. Excessive fluoride of more than 4.0 mg/L can cause a person suffering from poisoning, fragility of the bones (osteoporosis), liver and kidney damage. Knowledge about the spectrophotometry for determination method of fluoride content in commercially available toothpaste is very few. Purpose: The purposes of study were to examine the suitable method for fluoride extraction and to determine out the accuracy, precision, linearity, and stability of the measurement method of fluoride content in toothpaste. Methods: The suitable F extraction method was determined by the comparison among 3 methods of extraction; e.g. the dried samples were immersed in (1) distilled water, (2) 96% HCl, and (3) 96% HNO3; and the validation methods of measurement were the maximum wavelength, standart curve, accuracy test, precision test, and stability test. Results: Result showed that the fluoride extraction by using the concentrated HNO3 was found to have the highest levels of fluoride, followed by hydrochloric acid dissolution (HCl) and distilled water, while the method of validation showed that SPADNS revealed the acceptable accuracy. Precision has the RSD ≤ 2.00%. Furthermore the stability test result showed that the measurement of fluoride less than 2 hours was still reliable. Conclusion: The study suggested that the best result of fluoride extraction from toothpaste could be gained by using concentrate HNO3, and the spectrophotometer (UV-Vis Mini Shimadzu U-1240) and SPADNS have the acceptable accuracy.Latar Belakang: Pemasukan fluoride yang berlebihan pada gigi anak ditandai dengan bercak putih dan coklat. Fluoride lebih dari 4.0 mg / L dapat menyebabkan seseorang menderita keracunan , kerapuhan tulang (osteoporosis), kerusakan hati dan ginjal. Pengetahuan tentang spektrofotometri untuk metode penentuan kadar fluoride dalam pasta gigi yang tersedia secara komersial sangat sedikit . Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti metode yang tepat untuk mengektrak kandungan fluoride dan mengukur akurasi, presisi, linearitas dan stabilitas pengukuran kandungan fluoride pada pasta gigi. Metode: Metode ekstrak yang tepat ditentukan dengan membandingkan 3 metode, yaitu dengan perendamam sampel kering dalam (1) air destilasi, (2) HCl 96%, dan (3) HNO3 96%; dan validasi metode yang memperhitungkan panjang gelombang, kurva standar, tes akurasi, presisi, dan stabilitas. Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode ekstrasi fluoride pada pasta gigi dengan menggunakan metode HNO3 didapatkan level fluoride tertinggi, diikuti dengan metode HCl dan air destilasi. Hasil validasi metoda menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan SPADNS akurasinya dapat diterima. Presisi mempunyai RSD ≤2,00%. Pada tes stabilitas didapatkan hasil bahwa pengukuran kadar fluorida dalam waktu tidak lebih dari 2 jam masih dapat dilakukan. Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil terbaik ekstraksi fluoride dari pasta gigi dapat diperoleh dengan menggunakan HNO3, dan spectrophotometer (UV-Vis Mini Shimadzu U-1240) dan SPADNS memiliki pengukuran yang akurat.
Potency of Industrial Tea Waste: Comparison Between Green And Black Tea Industrial Wastes as UV Filter for Sunscreen Yohanes Martono
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Vol 1, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Cancer Chemoprevention

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev1iss1pp54-59

Abstract

Indonesia is one of ten biggest countries that produce tea for world. It makes Indonesia produce various tea products. Every tea production process produces the large quantity of industrial tea wastes every day. Our previous research showed that industrial tea wastes still have antioxidant activity. It means that industrial tea wastes contained of phenolic compounds which can be used as UV filter for sunscreen. This research compared antioxidant activity, total phenolic contents and UV filter effectiveness between green and black industrial tea wastes. Antioxidant activity were analyzed by reducing power and DPPH method, total phenolic contents of tea wastes extract were analyzed using Folin-Ciocalteu assay, while UV filter effectiveness were assessed by UV spectra and absorbance of each tea wastes extract related to its concentration in order to yield maximum protection. The results showed that although green tea waste extract had higher antioxidant activity but adversely, black tea had higher total phenolic contents. UV filter effectiveness is affected by polyphenols content in substances, so it suggested that black tea waste extract is more potential than green tea waste extract as photoprotection substance.Keywords: tea waste, UV filter, sunscreen
Identifikasi Kualitas Beras Putih (Oryza sativa L.) Berdasarkan Kandungan Amilosa dan Amilopektin di Pasar Tradisional dan “Selepan” Kota Salatiga Andriyani Rosita Sari; Yohanes Martono; Ferdy Semuel Rondonuwu
Titian Ilmu: Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Sciences Vol 12 No 1 (2020): Titian Ilmu: Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Sciences - January 2020
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Huda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (148.604 KB) | DOI: 10.30599/jti.v12i1.599

Abstract

Kualitas beras dapat dipengaruhi dari karakteristik kimiawi yang berbeda seperti kandungan amilosa dan atau amilopektin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi kualitas beras berdasarkan kandungan amilosa dan amilopektin pada berbagai varietas beras putih di pasar tradisional dan “selepan” daerah Kota Salatiga dan sekitarnya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 530nm dan 630nm. Perbedaan rata-rata kandungan amilosa dan amilopektin antar varietas diuji menggunakan RAL dengan metode ANOVA satu arah dengan selang kepercayaan 95%. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, kandungan amilosa dalam varietas IR64 (27,40-28,64%), GH (26,39-28,48%), MW (22,84-27,52%;), PW (18,94-23,57%), dan Umbul (27,21-28,02%). Kandungan amilopektin pada varietas IR64 (59,57-60,06%), GH (56,72-63,52%), MW (53,64-61,63%), PW (54,67-62,43%), dan Umbul (53,41-57,98%). Berdasarkan uji ANOVA, kandungan amilosa pada varietas PW “selepan” kandungan amilosa paling rendah dibandingkan dengan di pasar tradisional dan varietas lainnya. Kandungan amilosa yang rendah akan meningkatkan kriteria kepulenan nasinya. Kandungan amilopektin tertinggi terdapat pada varietas beras GH “selepan”.
Pengaruh Penambahan Beberapa Konsentrasi Gula terhadap Stabilitas Warna Ekstrak Antosianin Buah Rukem (Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Mor.) Salsabila Eka Ghina Rana; Lydia Ninan Lestario; Yohanes Martono
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 7, No 4 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (676.725 KB) | DOI: 10.17728/jatp.2581

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh penambahan gula dengan konsentrasi yang bervariasi terhadap stabilitas warna ekstrak antosianin buah rukem yang terpapar cahaya lampu fluoresens berdasarkan kinetika degradasi warnanya dan menentukan konsentrasi gula yang optimal untuk meningkatkan stabilitas warna ekstrak antosianin buah rukem. Variasi konsentrasi gula yang digunakan adalah 20, 40, dan 60% (b/v). Uji stabilitas warna dilakukan terhadap ekstrak antosianin buah rukem yang disinari selama 10 jam dengan intensitas cahaya 3580, 4655 lux, dan 8544 lux. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pemodelan kinetika degradasi, dimana nilai konstanta laju degradasi (k) dan nilai waktu paruh (t1/2) dihitung berdasarkan orde reaksi yang sesuai. Degradasi antosianin mengikuti orde reaksi 0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan gula 20% mampu meningkatkan stabilitas warna ekstrak antosianin buah rukem dibandingkan dengan kontrol (tanpa penambahan gula), terlihat dari meningkatnya waktu paruh dari 54,82 jam menjadi 61,35 jam. Namun, pada penambahan gula 40 dan 60% dapat menurunkan stabilitas warnanya dengan menurunnya waktu paruh dari 42,52 jam menjadi 31,66 jam pada intensitas 3580 lux. Kecenderungan kenaikan dan penurunan waktu paruh yang sama juga terjadi pada intensitas cahaya 4655 lux dan 8544 lux. Kesimpulannya, penambahan gula mempengaruhi stabilitas warna ekstrak antosianin buah rukem yaitu dapat meningkatkan dan menurunkan stabilitasnya.Effect of Various Concentration Sugar Addition on the Color Stability of Rukem Fruit Anthocyanin Extract (Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Mor.)This study is aimed to determine the effect of sugar addition with varying concentrations to the color stability of anthocyanin extract of rukem fruit exposed to fluorescent lamp lights based on color degradation kinetics and determining the optimal sugar concentration to improve color stability of anthocyanin extract of rukem fruit. Variations of sugar concentration were 20, 40, and 60% (w/v). The color stability test was performed on the anthocyanin extract of rukem fruit which was irradiated for 10 hours with the light intensity of 3580, 4655, and 8544 lux. The degradation kinetics modeling was used as method, where the value of the degradation rate constant (k) and half-life value (t1/2) were calculated according to the appropriate reaction order. Degradation of anthocyanin was analyzed using zero order reaction. The results showed that sugar addition at 20% could increase the stability of rukem fruit anthocyanin extract compared to control (without sugar addition), that was reflected by increase of half-life from 54.82  to 61.35 hours. However, addition of 40 and 60% sugar decreased the color stability with the half-life decline from 42.52 to 31.66 hours. The similar half-life increase and decrease also occured at the intensity of light 4655 and 8544 lux. As conclusion, sugar addition might increase and decrease of the color stability in the extract rukem fruit.
The Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of Hydroxyapatite (HAp) from Local Duck Egg Shells Agung Rimayanto Gintu; Elizabeth Betty Elok Kristiani; Yohanes Martono
JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) Vol 7, No 1 (2022): JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jkpk.v7i1.55429

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) Biocheramics was the main component of remineralisation agent to the hard tissues; it is commonly synthesized from compounds rich with calcium. One of the compounds recommended as a HAp source was eggshells. This study aimed to synthesize the HAp from local duck eggshells containing Calcium 0,8631 ± 0,0015g/g and Phosphor 0,3118 ± 0,0016g/g. The synthesis process of HAp by Base Precipitation methods showed rendement 85,06 ± 1,0135%. The Physicochemical characterization to the HAp showed the Calcium contains 0,4760 ± 0,0027g/g; Phosphor 0,0897 ± 0,0023g/g; Porosity 82,0106 ± 0,4484%; Biodegradability 5,3506 ± 0,0295%; and Swelling ability 5,7678 ± 0,1897%. The results concluded that the local duck egg shells were recommended as HAp sources. Based on characterisation results, the HAp made from it was potentially applied as a remineralization agent.
Hydroxiapatite (HAp) Bioceramics Made from The Caletaiya presclupta Snail Shells from Poso Lake Agung Rimayanto Gintu; Elisabeth Betty Elok Kristiani; Yohanes Martono
JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) Vol 5, No 3 (2020): JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jkpk.v5i3.45983

Abstract

Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was a derivated chemical synthetic compound from calcium phosphate commonly used to care for hard tissue damage. Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite can be synthesized from the compounds rich with calcium contains. This study treated the synthesis and physicochemical Characterization of the HAp made from Celetaiya persclupta snail shells obtained from Poso lake. From the characterization of the sample C. presclupta shells obtained the water contains 0.50±0.00%; ash contains 0.9913±0.0017g/g; potassium 0.0005±0.00007g/g; calcium 0.0391±0.0059g/g; phosphate 0.0221±0.0009g/g; phosphorus 0.0111±0.0005  and the ratio of  Ca/P 1.7382±0.1994%. The synthesis of HAp by base precipitation method showed the yield of synthesis 85.2891±4.2496% with the level of material reduction during synthesis 18.0442±1.1684%. The result of characterization of the HAp showed that the potassium contains 0.0002±0.00003g/g; calcium 0.0121±0.0031g/g; phosphate 0.0167±0.0013g/g; phosphorus 0.0084±0.0007g/g; ratio of Ca/P 1.3724±0.2736%; porosity 9.9929±0.7626%; swelling ability 24.8416±1.4989%; and biodegradability 10.8958±1.1781%. The overall results concluded that the C. presclupta snail shells could become a source of Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite (HAp). 
THE EFFECT OF TEMPE FERMENTATION TIME ON THE TOTAL PHENOLIC AND ISOFLAVONE GENISTEIN CONTENTS Kiki Fransiska Suharto; Hartati Soetjipto; Yohanes Martono
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 13, No 2 (2017): September
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.13.2.5094.228-238

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate total phenolic compounds and isoflavone genistein contents during 0 - 9 days of fermentation time. Isoflavone extract were obtained by maceration and fractionation. Total phenolic compounds were measured by Folin ciocalteau method, meanwhile, the isoflavone genistein contents were analyzed by a High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The yield of isoflavone extract and the total phenolic compounds were analyzed using a randomized completely block design and the mean between treatments was compared by the Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test using significance level of 5 %. The highest amount of total phenolic compounds during the incubation time was obtained on 4 days of fermentation time, i.e., 232.05n ± 7.71 μg/g, while the highest content of isoflavone genistein was obtained on 5 days of fermentation time, i.e., 100.48 μg/g. This research confirms that the fermentation process of tempe induces the total phenolic contents and the production of isoflavone genistein is fluctuating.
Family medicinal plant cultivation facility (SABDA TOGA: Sarana Budidaya Tanaman Obat Keluarga) for urban areas in RT 04 and RT 06 RW 07, Tegalrejo Salatiga Yohanes Martono; Andreas Setiawan; Slamet Widodo
Berdikari: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Berdikari: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1072.401 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/bjpmi.01.01.01

Abstract

The limited land owned by the community in urban areas such as RT 04 and 06 RW 07 in the Tegalrejo village in Salatiga makes the Family Medicinal Cultivation Facility (SABDA TOGA) one of the solutions so that the com-munity can continue to grow crops that can be used for daily needs. Through community service (PM), training on how to apply aquaponics planting technology, herbal plants in sacks (taherlarung) and fermentation of organic liquid fertilizer as a TOGA planting model in urban communities. The method used is making demonstration plots for the application of organic aquaponics planting media technology, taherlarung, and fermentation of or-ganic liquid fertilizer for TOGA plants in the partner environment, carrying out data collection on TOGA plants in the community, and conducting socialization in the community. The results of this dedication show that aqua-ponics planting media technology can be combined with a fish pond so that it can produce organic TOGA. Aqua-ponics technology can be automated and can also take advantage of the people's narrow land with a vertical media arrangement pattern. TOGA planting in taherlarung can be increased to become an alternative way of decorating the road. While liquid organic fertilizer is very potential to be produced in large quantities because it utilizes household organic waste with a fermentation period of approximately 1 month. Some people already have TOGA plants but do not know the benefits and how to use them. This PM activity shows that aquaponics, taherlarung and fermentation of organic liquid fertilizer are suitable for TOGA weaving in urban communities. Some urban community groups tend to not know and utilize TOGA.
Determination of Stevioside and Rebaudioside A in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Leaves Using near Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis Yohanes Martono; Suryasatriya Trihandaru; Ferdy Semuel Rondonuwu
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (213.832 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.25580

Abstract

Rebaudioside A and stevioside are abundant steviol glycoside contained in Stevia rebaudiana leaves. These components are widely used as a natural sweetener. The objective of this study was to develop rapid determination method of stevioside, and rebaudioside A in S. rebaudiana leaves using near infrared trans-reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with multivariate analysis. The reference method used was HPLC. A prediction model was developed using partial least square (PLS) regression. Calibration parameters were calculated based on a calibration set of various stevioside, rebaudioside A from 23 samples. Performance of PLS model was assessed in term of optimum determination coefficient (R2), and minimum root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSEV). Validation of PLS model was performed using cross-validation and leave one out calibration of PLS component. Rebaudioside A has well PLS model in wavenumber region of 4100–5100 cm-1, and stevioside determination using difference wavenumber region of 4760-5016 cm-1. PLS model for total (sum of stevioside and rebaudioside A content) was exploited in wavenumber region of 4568-4928 cm-1. NIRS in combination with multivariate data analysis of PLSR can be applied as a rapid method for determining rebaudioside A and the total amount of steviol glycosides in S. rebaudiana leaves.
Karakterisasi Karbon Aktif Kulit Singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Berdasarkan Variasi Konsentrasi H3PO4 dan Lama Waktu Aktivasi Fahmi Puteri Perdani; Cucun Alep Riyanto; Yohanes Martono
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol4.iss2.art4

Abstract

Unsur karbon yang cukup tinggi pada kulit singkong membuat peneliti memanfaatkannya sebagai karbon aktif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahmenentukan karakteristik karbon aktif kulit singkong (KASP) berdasarkan konsentrasi H3PO4 dan lama waktu aktivasi pada suhu 600 °C. Sintesis KASP menggunakan tahap karbonisasi pada suhu 500 °C, impregnasi menggunakan karbon:H3PO4 1:5 (b/b) dengan variasi konsentrasi yaitu pada 10-50%, aktivasi pada suhu 600 °C selama 2 jam. KASP dengan konsentrasi optimal kemudian diaktivasi menggunakan variasi waktu 1-3 jam pada suhu 600 °C. Selanjutnya KASP dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR, XRD, dan SEM-EDX. Morfologi permukaan KASP menunjukkan permukaan yang berongga yang dominasi oleh unsur  C(55,20%), O(28,86%), N(8,00%), P(6,22%), dan Na(1,72%).
Co-Authors A. Rindang Anggit Laksono Abdul Rohman Abi Berkah Nadi, Muhammad Agung Rimayanto Gintu Agung Rimayanto Gintu Agung Rimayanto Gintu Agung Rimayanto Gintu Agung Rimayanto Gintu Andreas Setiawan Andriyani Rosita Sari Anggelia Essi Christian Ari Hasna Widyapuspa Bereka Meidelivia Raharjianti Bernaditha Catur Marina Betsy Felita Betsy Felita Cucun Alep Riyanto Daniel Ricky Putra Wijaya Devina Intan Sari Devinta Lestari Dewi Kurnianingsih Arum Kusumahastuti Diyonisio Kevin Elisando Dwiky Iswara, Kerri Eliana Prabalaras Elisabeth Betty Elok Kristiani Elizabeth Betty E. Kristiani Elizabeth Betty Elok Kristiani Erlien Giovani Soeroso Fahmi Puteri Perdani Ferdy Semuel Rondonuwu Fidelia Novitasari Fransiskus Tri Wahyu Hananto Franyoto, Yuvianti Dwi Gunawan, Raden Harry Setiawan Hartati Soetjipto Hartati Soetjipto Hindra, Ronal Febria Ida Suskawati Ika Puspitaningrum Ika Puspitaningrum Ira Tyas Kurniasari Kachingwe, Baxter Hepburn Kiki Fransiska Suharto Kusmita Kusmita Lia Kusmita Lucia Devi Danriani Lydia Ninan Lestario Maria Endah Retno Palupi Muhamad Syaiful Ampri Mutmainah Mutmainah Mutmainah Mutmainah Mutmainah Mutmainah November Rianto Aminu Noviana Gunawan Nur Ayu Hidayati Rahayu Sulistyorini Rema Fitriyani Resa Wulandari Salsabila Eka Ghina Rana Sandra Ayu Apriliyani Sekar Nurani Saptaningtyas Sherly Novita Sari Nawawi Slamet Widodo Sri Hartini Sri Hartini Sri Kasmiyati Sudibyo Martono Sudibyo Martono Sugeng Riyanto Suryasatriya Trihandaru Susanti Pudji Hastuti Tambunan, Hermon Frederik TATI NURHAYATI Tiffany Febetania Widodo Tonia Nur Fitria Widhi Nugroho Meindra Wijaya, Daniel Ricky Putra Yayi Suryo Prabandari Yoko Putra Nusantara Yuniarti, Zulfa Zhafira, Elian Zulfa Yuniarti