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Effect of Hormonal Contraceptive on Sexual Life, Body Mass Index, Skin Health, and Uterine Bleeding, in Women of Reproduction Age in Jombang, East Java Yosin, Esti Pratiwi; Mudigdo, Ambar; Budhiastuti, Uki Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 1, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Injection hormonal contraceptive can be distinguished into DMPA (depo medroxyprogesterone acetate) and combination. DMPA injection is administered in single dose of 150 mg/mL intramuscular every 12 week. It was hypothesized that DMPA injection resulted inadvertent effect such as lowered sexual life quality, increased body mass index, lowered quality of skin health, and abnormal uterine bleeding. This study aimed to examine the effects of DMPA injection on sexual life, body mass index, skin health, and abnormal uterine bleeding.Subjects and Method: This was analytical observational study with retrospective cohort design. This study was conducted in Jombang, East Java. A total sample of 149 women of reproductive age consisting of 99 DMPA injection contraceptive users and 50 non hormonal contraceptive users was selected for this study, by stratified random sampling. The dependent variables were sexual life quality, body mass index, quality of skin health, and uterine bleeding. The independent variable was DMPA injection contraceptive use and age. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire. Sexual life quality was measured by female sexual function index (FSFI). The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Use of hormonal contraceptive (OR= 20.17; 95% CI = 6.62 to 61.42; p<0.001) and age 30-35 years old (OR=17.51; 95% CI = 5.74 to 53.38; p<0.001) increased the risk of low quality of sexual life. Age 30-35 years old lowered (OR=0.16; 95% CI =0.07 to 0.36; p<0.001) and hormonal contraceptive (OR= 4.25; 95% CI = 1.95 to 9.30; p<0.001) increased the risk of low quality of skin health. Hormonal contraceptive (b=2.93; SE=0.23; p<0.001) and age 30-35 years old (b=0.70; SE=0.24; p<0.001) increased abnormal uterine bleeding. Hormonal contraceptive (b=5.75; SE=0.54; p<0.001) and age 30-35 years old (b=5.05; SE= 0.55; p<0.001) increased body mass index among women of reproductive age.Conclusion: Use of injection hormonal contraceptive lowers the quality of social life, lowers the quality of skin health, increases body mass index, and increases abnormal uterine bleeding.Keywords: hormonal contraceptive injection, sexual life, skin health, body mass index, uterine bleedingCorrespondence: Esti Pratiwi Yosin. School of Health Sciences Insan Cendekia Medika, Jombang, East Java. Email:estipratiwi77@gmail.com.Journal of Maternal and Child Health 2016, 1(3): 146-160https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.03.02
The Association Between Maternal Education, Family Income, House Sanitation, and the Incidence of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Children Under Five Sulistyo, Anita Sri; Tamtomo, Didik; Mudigdo, Ambar
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 1, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: It was estimated that the incidence of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARTI), including pneumonia, was  10-20% in children under five in Indonesia. Therefore ARTI in children under five is a public health important that calls for control and prevention. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between maternal education, family income, house sanitation, and the incidence of ARTI in children under five.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with case control design. This study was conducted in Wono­giri 1 and Kismantoro Health Centers, Wono­giri, Central Java, from September to October, 2016. A total sample of 200 children under five were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling, consisting of 100 children with ARTI and 100 children without ARTI. The dependent variable was pneumonia. The independent variables were maternal education, family income, house component, and house sanitation. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire, checklist, and medical record at the health centers. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Maternal education ≥senior high school (OR=0.09; 95% CI= 0.03 to 0.22; p<0.001),  house component meeting the required standard (OR=0.27; 95% CI= 0.13 to 0.57; p<0.001), and good house sanitation (OR=0.15; 95% CI= 0.06 to 0.38; p<0.001) were associated with decreased risk of pneumonia in children under five, and they were statistically significant. The association between family income and the risk of pneumonia was not statistically significant (OR=0.87; 95% CI= 0.42 to 1.79; p=0.703).Conclusion: Maternal education ≥senior high school, house component meeting the required standard, and good house sanitation are associated with decreased risk of pneumonia in children under five.Keywords: maternal education, family income, house sanitation, pneumonia, children under five Correspondence: Anita Sri Sulistyo. District Health Office Wonogiri, Central Java. Email: anitasrisulistyowati@yahoo.comJournal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2016), 1(3): 195-202https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.03.06 
Does Circadian Rhythm and Environment Factor Affect the Risk of Breast Cancer? A New Evidence from Kediri, East Java Ningtyas, Anindiya; Mudigdo, Ambar; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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 Background:  Disruption of sleep patterns, and thereby the internal body clock, of shift workers directly influences their physiology and the rate of cancer development. Studies have shown that working night shifts three or more times per month elevates the risk of breast cancer in humans. Disrupted expression of circadian genes can alter breast biology and may promote cancer. This study aimed to examine the effects of circadian rhythm and environment factor on the risk of breast cancer in Kediri, East Java.Subjects and Method: This was a case-control study conducted in Kediri, East Java, from April to May 2018. A sample of 200 women was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was breast cancer. The independent variables were work schedule, sleep duration, room light, room temperature, chemical exposure, and air pollution. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression.Results: Circadian rhythm and environment factor affected the risk of breast cancer. The risk of breast cancer increased with irregular shift work schedule (OR= 5.82; 95% CI= 2.26 to 14.95; p<0.001), sleep duration <5 hours (OR= 6.32; 95% CI= 2.59 to 15.39; p<0.001), room light (OR= 7.03; 95% CI= 2.39 to 20.65; p<0.001), warm room temperature (OR= 13.48; 95% CI= 5.26 to 34.53; p<0.001), air pollution (OR= 8.21; 95% CI= 3.19 to 21.11; p<0.001), and chemical exposure (OR= 2.90; 95% CI= 1.22 to 6.84; p= 0.015).Conclusion: The risk of breast cancer increased with irregular shift work schedule, sleep duration <5 hours, room light, warm room temperature, air pollution, and chemical exposure.Keywords: breast cancer, circadian rhythm, environment factorCorrespondence: Anindiya Ningtyas. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: Anindyaningtyas.an@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282232189898. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(1): 20-29https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.01.03
Predictors of Hypertension in Post-Menopausal Women in Surakarta, Central Java Pradani, Amalia Dinda Ayu; Mudigdo, Ambar; Qadrijati, Isna
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 3, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Hypertension caused 45% mortality of heart disease and 51% mortality of stroke in 2014. Young women have a lower risk of hypertension than men. The risk increases after menopause due to lower estrogen production. This study aimed to estimate the biopsychosocial factors affecting hypertension in post-menopausal women in Surakarta, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in Surakarta, Central Java, from January to February 2018. A sample of 200 study subjects was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were obesity, healthy diet, history of contraceptive use, family support, and family history of hypertension. Data of blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer. Other variables were measured by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression.Results: The risk of hypertensionin post-menopuse women increased with obesity (OR= 13.00; 95% CI=2.99 to 56.51; p=0.001), family history of hypertension (OR=9.99; 95% CI=2.54 to 39.19; p=0.001), and history of hormonal contraceptive use (OR=10.11; 95% CI=2.60 to 39.25; p=0.001). The risk of hypertension in post-menopuse women decreased with healthy diet (OR= 0.16; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.55; p= 0.004) and strong family support (OR= 0.09; 95% CI=0.19 to 0.39; p=0.001).Conclusion: The risk of hypertension post-menopause women is affected by obesity, family history of hypertension, history of hormonal contraceptive use, healthy diet, and strong family support. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(3): 312-322https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.03.02
Path Analysis on the Influence of Educational Level, Stages of Cancer, Social Support, and Coping Strategy toward the Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta Nuryati, Sri; Mudigdo, Ambar; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 2, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer develops into main health problem for women globally. Patients of breast cancer will endure transformation both physically as well as psychologically, it will give impact to the quality of life. The study aimed to analyze the influence of educational level, stages of cancer, social support, and coping strategy toward the quality of life of breast cancer patients.Subjects and Method: The study employed mixed method with quantitative and qualitative approach. The study was conducted in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta in August – October 2017. There were a total of 150 study subjects selected with stratified random sampling. Purposive sampling was used for qualitative study with 3 informants. The dependent variable was quality of life. The independent variables were educational level, stages of cancer, social support and coping strategy. Quantitative data collection was conducted by using questionnaires. Social support variable was measured by using Multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) questionnaires, coping strategy variable was measured by brief COPE questionnaires and life quality variable was measured by WHOQOL BREF questionnaires. Data qualitative collection was by means in depth interview. Quantitative data was analyzed by using path analysis, qualitative data was analyzed by using interactive model Miles and Huberman.Result: Quality of life was influenced by educational level (b= 8.69, SE= 1.84, p<0.001), stages of cancer (b= -6.41, SE= 2.94, p= 0.029), social support (b= 1.03, SE= 0.34, p= 0.003), coping strategy (b= 2.07, SE= 0.43, p<0.001). Coping strategy was influenced by educational level (b= 0.97, SE= 0.34, p= 0.004) and social support (b= 0.37, SE= 0.06, p<0.001).Conclusion: Quality of life of breast cancer patients is influenced by educational level, stages of cancer, social support, and coping strategy. Coping strategy was influenced by educational level and social support. Key words: social support, coping strategy, quality of life, path analysisCorrespondence: Sri Nuryati. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: sri.nuryati1985@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282138283802.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2017), 2(3): 225-235https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2017.02.03.04
Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in Women at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java Listyawardhani, Yana; Mudigdo, Ambar; Adriani, Rita Benya
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Breast cancer is a leading type of cancer affecting women around the world. Its incidence is increasing in developed and developing countries. Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women in Indonesia with 19,731 cases of death in 2014. In addition to mortality, breast cancer causes psychosocial effect in the affected and the family. This study aimed to determine the risk factors of breast cancer in women at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytical observational study with case control design. The study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, from October to December, 2017. A total sample of 200 study subjects consisting of 100 women with breast cancer and 100 women without breast cancer were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was breast cancer. The independent variables were age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, parity, duration of breastfeeding, use of fertility hormone, duration of hormonal contraceptive use, and age at menopause. The data was collected  by questionnaire and analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: The risk of breast cancer increased with earlier age at menarche <12 years old (OR= 2.71; 95% CI= 1.06 to 6.96; p= 0.037), delayed age at first pregnancy ≥30 years old (OR=3.01; 95% CI= 1.16 to 7.78; p= 0.023), delayed age at menopause ≥55 years old (OR=1.07; 95% CI=0.82 to 6.30; p= 0.001), longer hormonal contraceptive use ≥10 years (OR=3.25; 95% CI= 1.20 to 9.63 p= 0.003).Conclusion: The risk of breast cancer increases with earlier age at menarche, delayed age at first pregnancy, delayed age at menopause, longer hormonal contraceptive use.Keyword: Breast Cancer, Risk FactorCorrespondence: Yana Listyawardhani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email:yanalistya@gmail.comJournal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(2): 118-127https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.02.02 
Effect of Age and Socio Economic Status on the Quality of Life of Patients with Cervical Cancer Undertaking Chemotherapy at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta Fadhilla, Hidayah Nur; Mudigdo, Ambar; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 2, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Cervical cancer is a type of cancer affecting women with high incidence and mortality in the world. Patient with cervical cancer have to undertake prolonged sequential treatment and therefore may experience physical, physicological and social changes, which may affect their quality of life. This study aimed to examine effect of age and socio economic status on the quality of life of patients  with cervical cancer undertaking chemotherapy at Dr. Moewardi hospital Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design.  This study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, from February to March 2017. A sample of 100 patients was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was quality of life. The independent variables were age, education and family income. The data were collected by questionnaire and medical record, and then were analyzed by linear regression model.Results: Education ≥ Senior High School (b= 10.25; 95% CI=5.24 to 15.26; p<0.001) and family income ≥ Minimum Regional Wage (b= 0.47; 95% CI=0.12 to 0.83; p=0.009) increased quality of life in patients with cervical cancer. Age ≥ 45 years (b=-0.53; 95% CI=-0.84 to -0.21; p=0.001) decreased quality of life in patients with cervical cancer.Conclusion: The quality of life of patient with cervical cancer is determine by age, education, and family income. Key Words: age, social economic status, quality of life, cervical cancer, chemotherapyCorrespondence: Hidayah Nur Fadhilla. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Email: fadhillahidayah@student.uns.ac.id. Mobile: +6285729955373.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2017), 2(1): 11-19https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2017.02.01.02
Path Analysis on the Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with Hypertension Istyanto, Febry; Mudigdo, Ambar; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease which may lead to premature death and disability. This study aimed to determine the biopsychosocial factors associated with the risk of hypertension.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a case-control design. This study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, from September to November 2018. A sample of 225 patients was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were anxiety, stress, quality of sleep, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, vegetables and fruit, coffee drink, and soft drink consumption. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer. Body weight was measured by scale. Body height was measured by microtoise. The other data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Hypertension directly increased with anxiety (b= 0.26; 95%CI= 0.02to 0.51; p= 0.037), stress (b= 0.28; 95%CI= 0.04 to 0.53; p= 0.022), poor quality of sleep (b= 0.46; 95%CI= 0.06 to 0.87; p= 0.026), BMI (b= 0.68; 95%CI= 0.051 to 1.31; p= 0.034), coffee drink consumption (b= 1.31; 95%CI= 0.17 to 2.46; p= 0.024), and soft drink consumption (b= 0.38; 95%CI= 0.04 to 0.72; p= 0.029). Hypertension directly decreased with high physical activity (b= -0.04; 95%CI= -0.07 to -0.004; p= 0.027), vegetable and fruit consumption (b= -1.13; 95%CI= -2.07 to -0.19; p= 0.037). Hypertension was indirectly affected by anxiety, physical activity, quality of sleep, and coffe drink consumption through BMI and quality of sleep.Conclusion: Hypertension is directly and positively affected by anxiety, stress, poor quality of sleep, BMI, coffee drink consumption, and soft drink consumption, but negatively affected by high physical activity, vegetable and fruit consumption.Keywords: hypertension, biopsychosocial, determinantsCorrespondence: Febry Istyanto. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36 A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126. Email: febryistyanto@gmail.com.Mobile: 082133452012Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(2): 70-80https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.02.02
Biopsychosocial Factors Affecting Functional Disability and Depression in Patients with Osteoarthritis in Surakarta, Central Java Sudaryanto, Wahyu Tri; Mudigdo, Ambar; Soemanto, RB
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability in the elderly. OA can cause chronic pain, disability, and the patient's quality of life. This study aimed to determine the biopsychosocial factors affecting functional disability and depression in patients with OA in Surakarta, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic and observational study with a case-control design. The study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital and Dr. Soeharso Orthopedic Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, from January to February 2018. A sample of 200 OA patients was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variables were functional disability and depression. The independent variables were age, sex, grade of OA, duration, body mass index (BMI), history of injury, pain level, family support, and peer support. Depression data were measured by Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI). Functional disability data were measured by The Western Ontario and McMaster University Arthritis Index (WOMAC). The other variables were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis.Results: The risk of depression increased with higher BMI (b= 0.23; SE= 0.10; p= 0.021), pain level (b= 0.16; SE= 0.07; p= 0.022), duration (year) (b= 0.27; SE= 0.12; p= 0.025), and poor functional disability (b= 0.19; SE= 0.04; p<0.001). Depression decreased with stronger family support (b= -0.05; SE= 0.03; p= 0.031) and stronger peer support (b= -0.09; SE= 0.05; p= 0.001). The risk of functional disability increased with female sex (b= 3.36; SE= 1.21; p= 0.006), age (b= 0.14; SE= 0.06; p= 0.016), BMI (b= 0.31; SE= 0.17; p= 0.070), had experienced injury (b= 2.27; SE= 1.16; p= 0.051), higher grade of OA (b= 1.32; SE= 0.65; p= 0.041), and higher pain level (b= 0.41; SE= 0.12; p<0.001). The risk of functional disability decreased with stronger family support (b= -0.16; SE= 0.04; p<0.001) and stronger peer support (b= -0.29; SE= 0.08; p<0.001).Conclusion: Depression in OA patients is affected by BMI, pain level, duration (year), functional disability family support, and peer support. Functional disability is affected by sex, age, BMI, injury experience, grade of OA, pain level, family support, and peer support.Keywords: osteoarthritis, depression, functional disability, pain, BMI, family support, peer supportCorrespondence: Wahyu Tri Sudaryanto. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: wahyu.londho86@yahoo.co.id. Mobile: 085640637769.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(2): 292-306https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.02.08
The Effect of Self-Efficacy, Family Support, and Socio-Economic Factors on the Quality of Life of Patients with Breast Cancer at Dr Moewardi Hospital -, Lusiatun; Mudigdo, Ambar; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 1, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background:Breast cancer is the highest cancer among women in the world. Patients with breast cancer experience various changes, including physical, psychological and social changes. This changes affect their quality of life. This study aimed to determine the effect of self-efficacy, family support, and socio-economic factors on health-related quality of life of patients with breast cancer.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. The study was conducted at Dr Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. A total of 63 patients with breast cancer diagnosis were selected for this study by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was health-related quality life, consisting of global health status, physical function, role function, emotional function, social function, fatigue, pain, body image, financial hardship, and future perspective. The independent variables were self-efficacy, family support, education, and family income. The data were collected by questionnaire and medical record, and then were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Average age (and standard deviation) of the breast cancer patients under study was 50.21±7.67 years. Average score of quality of life in the global health status dimension was  73.81±10.97. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed positive effect of self-efficacy (OR=3.45;95% CI=0.98 to 12.12; p=0.053), family support (OR=2.67; 95%CI=0.84 to 8.46; p=0.096), education (OR=3.99; 95%CI=1.15 to 13.79; p=0.028), and family income (OR=1.51; 95%CI=0.43 to 5.26; p=0.518) on global health status.Conclusion:Self-efficacy, family support, education, and family income have positive and significant effects on global health status.Keywords: self-efficacy, family support, social economy, quality of life, breast cancerCorrespondence: Lusiatun. Masters of Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Email: lusiatun12@gmail.com. Mobile: 085743778941Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health 2016, 1(3): 182-194https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.03.05