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Macrostructure, spontaneity, and interactivity: an analysis of casual talk Muh Syafei; Kurniawan Yudhi Nugroho; Achmad Hilal Madjdi; Titis Sulistyowati; Agung Dwi Nurcahyo; Nuraeningsih Nuraeningsih; Nur Ekaningsih; Andurahman Milad
EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/e.11.1.107-126

Abstract

This study provides a qualitative analysis of a casual talk between two male postgraduate EFL students, who are Indonesian, Javanese, and English-speaking close friends. The conversation, conducted spontaneously without prior planning, consists of 203 turns and forms 23 conversational story sequences. The findings highlight key aspects of casual conversation, including structural, interactive, and interpersonal features. Structurally, the dialogue follows adjacency pairs and the IRF (Initiate-Respond-Follow-up) pattern. Spontaneity is evident in filled pauses, repetitions, false starts, backtracking, incomplete utterances, and frequent use of conjunctions and fixed expressions. Interactivity is demonstrated through turn-taking, respectful silence, occasional interruptions, and discourse markers, with communication strategies employed to prevent breakdowns. Interpersonal engagement is reflected in the use of laughter and chuckles, fostering group solidarity. Coherence emerges through cooperative exchanges, where speakers provide relevant responses and comments. Additionally, negotiation occurs in both interpersonal exchanges and logical-semantic adjustments to maintain clarity and understanding. These findings suggest that the conversation builds engagement through laughter, coherence through cooperation, and clarity through negotiation, maintaining structured storytelling despite its casual tone. However, a key limitation of this study is its reliance on audio recordings, which excludes the analysis of gestures and facial expressions. Further investigation into diverse conversational contexts, participant relationships, and cultural influences could provide deeper insights into the dynamics of casual interactions
Analsisis Face Validity dan Content Validity Tes Bahasa Inggris: Sebuah Open Lesson dalam Lesson Study for Learning Community Muh Syafei
Journal Prakarsa Paedagogia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muria Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24176/jpp.v1i1.2614

Abstract

This paper presents Open Lesson activities in a series of Lesson Study for Learning Community (LSLC) activities in the Language Assessment (LA) course that is taught by the author with partners from other lecturers in the same subject. In this open lesson the theme raised is the material "Analysis of Face Validity and Content Validity of English test" with a duration of 100 (one hundred) minutes which is equivalent to 2 (two) Semester Credit units (SKS) in semester V (odd) 2017 academic year / 2018 in the English Education Study Program, Teaching and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. In this paper also discussed the importance of lesson study and its steps, the implementation of Lesson Study for Learning Community at UMK especially in the PBI FKIP UMK, namely the open lesson of Language Assessment courses.
Stance in Political Discourse: Hedges and Boosters in Trump’s and Von Der Leyen’s Speeches Muhammad Saiful Rohman; Muh Syafei; Achmad Hilal Madjdi
Inspiring: English Education Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Inspiring: English Education Journal
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/inspiring.v9i2.17141

Abstract

Hedges and boosters are interactional resources used to modulate the force of statements, express degrees of certainty, and construct rhetorical stance in political discourse. This study examines the frequency, linguistic forms, and rhetorical functions of hedges and boosters in two speeches on reciprocal tariff policies: Donald Trump’s speech on April 2, 2025, and Ursula von der Leyen’s speech on April 3, 2025. The data were obtained from publicly available official or institutional transcripts, namely Roll Call Fact-based for Trump’s speech and the European Commission’s Press Corner for von der Leyen’s speech. After cleaning, the complete transcripts contained 13,192 words. The study combines quantitative frequency analysis with qualitative contextual interpretation through comparative discourse analysis, drawing on Hyland’s framework of interactional metadiscourse. The results show that Trump used 60 hedges and 284 boosters, whereas von der Leyen used 40 hedges and 54 boosters. Although the normalized frequencies of hedges were broadly comparable, Trump used boosters substantially more frequently than von der Leyen. These findings suggest that the rhetorical functions of hedges and boosters vary according to rhetorical context, institutional position, and communicative purpose. The study contributes to research on political metadiscourse by proposing a context-sensitive approach that combines normalized frequency analysis with contextual interpretation. The findings indicate differences between the two political leaders rather than general gender-based differences.