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Analysis of Reservoir Temperature Estimation using Major Elements in Sulili Geothermal Field, South Sulawesi, Indonesia: Implications for Geothermal Energy Forecasts Umar, Emi Prasetyawati; Wakila, Hardin; Aulia, Rizky Nurul; Pongkessu, Agriani; Nompo, Supardin; Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v4i1.568

Abstract

Geothermal is a natural resource energy in the form of hot water or steam that forms in reservoirs within the earth through the heating of subsurface water by hot igneous rocks. Based on field surveys, the Sulili area shows characteristics of geothermal energy in the form of hot springs. The research aims to use the Na-K geothermometer to find out the temperature of the geothermal reservoir below the ground and the Na-K-Mg geothermometer to look into the type of fluid that is in the geothermal reservoir. The research employs the geochemical analysis method in conjunction with the Na-K geothermometer method. Reservoir subsurface temperature is estimated at EPU station 1 at 326.504°C, EPU station 2 at 473.369°C, and station EPU 3 at 456.508°C. According to the results, the hot springs at the three sites are chlorides with temperatures below ground that are part of the high-temperature geothermal system and are >225°C. The hot spring is in the immature water group. Based on the calculation, the Sulili Geothermal Field with an average reservoir temperature of 418°C is approximately 68.33 MWh. This is a simplified calculation, and actual energy output can vary based on several factors, including the specific characteristics of the geothermal reservoir and the efficiency of the power plant.
Geochemical and Mineralogical Insights into Hydrothermal Alteration in the Beruang Kanan Non-Vulcanic Area, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Anjarwati, Retno; Sutarto, Sutarto; Yudiantoro, Dwi Fitri; Idrus, Arifudin; Umar, Emi Prasetyawati
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v4i2.767

Abstract

Previous studies have revealed significant hydrothermal alterations within the Beruang Kanan Non-Volcanic Area, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, resulting in extensive ore mineralizations. This study aims to examine the effects of hydrothermal processes on rock alteration, delineate alteration zones, and establish their relationship to metal mineralization. The research area, situated in the Tumbang Miri district of Gunung Mas regency, forms part of the Corrugated Hills Geomorphological Unit and is traversed by the Schwaner Mountains, with elevations ranging from approximately 50 to 400 meters. Stratigraphic analysis identifies three primary rock units, ordered from oldest to youngest: the Tuffaceous Sandstone Unit, the Dacitic Tuff Unit, and the Andesite Unit. Hydrothermal alterations have resulted in three distinct alteration zones sericitic, argillic, and propylitic characterized by secondary mineral assemblages. This study provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the geological and mineralization dynamics of non-volcanic hydrothermal systems in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
ANALISIS FLUIDA DAN PEMANFAATAN MATA AIR PANAS DAERAH SULILI KABUPATEN PINRANG PROVINSI SULAWESI-SELATAN Umar, Emi Prasetyawati; Nawir, Alfian; Husain, Jamal Rauf; Tamar, Khadijah Rezkiani; Maria, Maria; Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin; Wakila, Muhamad Hardin
Jurnal Geosaintek Vol. 6 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

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Abstract

The research area shows that geothermal manifestations are in the form of hot springs, and analysis of the hot water springs fluid is very important for more utilization. The aim of this study is to analyze the physical property of the hot water springs, hot spring fluid conditions, to find out the benefit of the hot water springs in the research areas. The method used is the analysis of physical properties of value of pH, smell, taste, temperature, colour, H2S as sulfide, TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) and DHL (Electrical Conductivity). The results showed that the characteristic of the hot water springs are shows the colored water of Sulili nodes with the results from laboratory analysis get 4-23 TCU, sulfur-smelling, taste brackish, surface temperature of 45°C-57ºC, pH relatively neutral-alkaline (7.8-7.9), 1.85-2.13g/L TDS shows springs the heat belongs to brackish water and non karbonat hardness water, the turbidity of 0.95-6.04 NTU and DHL i.e. 4.23-4.52 mS/cm. The average pH value of hot springs is that it has a neutral-alkaline pH, identifier i.e. hot spring low temperature water which is dominated by water. The benefits of hot springs the area of research in the field of tourism as a place of hot water bath, health and as a field studies centre.
ANALISIS HIDROKIMIA DALAM PENENTUAN TIPE DAN GOLONGAN FLUIDA GEOTERMAL SULILI KABUPATEN PINRANG SULAWESI-SELATAN Umar, Emi Prasetyawati; Wakila, Muhamad Hardin; Husain, Jamal Rauf; Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin; Syamsuddin, Syamsuddin; Aulia, Rizky Nurul
Jurnal Geosaintek Vol. 8 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Field surveys in the Sulili Region show geothermal characteristics in the form of manifestations, namely hot water springs. This study aims to determine the type of geothermal fluid in the study area based on the Na-K-Mg geothermometer method and then classify it based on trilinear and ternary diagrams. The results showed that the types of hot springs from the three hot springs in the study area were included in the chloride type with a percentage between 96.209% -96.651% which was plotted on the trilinear diagram. Based on the ternary diagram plotting, the geothermal fluid in the study area belongs to the immature water group. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the type of hot water springs in the study area is chloride with one of the hot springs included in the immature water group, namely EPU-1 hot water spring station, while two hot water spring stations, such as EPU-2 and EPU-3 stations cannot plotted due to the high levels of Mg at that station.
EARTHQUAKE RECURRENCE INTERVAL BASED ON SEISMIC MOMENT Massinai, Muhammad Fawzy Ismullah; Wijaya, Arif; Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin; Massinai, Muhammad Altin; Umar, Emi Prasetyawati; Minarti, Minarti
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 4 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v4i3.120

Abstract

Indonesia is a country with high earthquake potential. This potential has been realized by its stakeholders and other parties. Various methods from many researchers from the fields of geophysics, geology, seismology, geodesy, geotechnical engineering, and others have been discussed to arrange earthquake mitigation. However, the discussions are unable to fit all earthquake mitigations across the country because they are still limited to specific characteristics of each fault among thousands of faults in Indonesia. Seismic moment is a parameter that provides information on the energy released when an earthquake occurs. This parameter, in any given scale, can provide information about the earthquake recurrence interval. The earthquake recurrence interval referred to here means that during a certain time period, the area under study has the possibility of experiencing an identical earthquake or with a smaller magnitude. This study tries to offer and test the method of calculating earthquake recurrence interval based on seismic moments. The method tested in several case studies of earthquakes in East Kalimantan has acceptable results. The method in this research has advantages value and can be alternative method in earthquake disaster mitigation.
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements in Manganese Deposits in the Anabanua District, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia Wakila, Muhamad Hardin; Chalik, Citra Aulian; Thamsi, Alam Budiman; Jafar, Nurliah; Harwan; Umar, Emi Prasetyawati
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): JGEET Vol 10 No 04 : December (2025)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2025.10.4.24882

Abstract

Research programmes on rare earth elements have not been widely carried out, especially on manganese deposits, even though manganese deposits also contain rare earth elements. Research on manganese mineralogy has been done before, however, research has not focused on rare earth metal elements found in manganese deposits, so further research is needed to find out the mineralogy, geochemistry, and gardes of rare earth metal elements in manganese deposits in the tropics. There are 3 methods of analysis at once, namely petrographic, XRD, and ICP-OES methods. The minerals found in manganese samples in the study area are: Albite, Chlorite, Plagioclase, Orthoclase, Quartz, Chlorite, Opaque, Pyrolusite, Muscovite, Diopside, Hematite, Rodochroite, Manganochromite and Manganite. Rare earth element levels in manganese deposits are Yttrium (8.7-35.5 ppm), Scandium (4-28 ppm), Lanthanum (5.3-122 ppm), Cerium (9.4-198 ppm), Praseodymium (1.3-23.6 ppm), Neodymium (690.9), Samarium (1.2-15. 4 ppm), Europium (0.6-3.5 ppm), Gadolinium (1.4-13.5 ppm), Terbium (0.241.75 ppm), Dysprosium (1.4-7.9 ppm), Holmium (0. 3-1.3 ppm), Erbium (0.8-3.2 ppm), Thulium (0.1-0.4 ppm), Ytterbium (0.8-2.4 ppm) and Lutetium (0.14-0.39 ppm). These results indicate that manganese deposits in Anabanua Village, Barru Regency, have the potential to be a source of LREE (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Sm) with concentrations exceeding those of several deposits around the world, making them worthy of consideration in strategic mineral exploration in Indonesia in general.
Identification of Underground Rivers Using Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic and Graphical User Interface Matrix Laboratory: Implications for Groundwater Exploration Umam, Rofiqul; Sismanto, Sismanto; Umar, Emi Prasetyawati; Siregar, Rahmat Nawi; Maula, Frida Yassar; Takahashi, Hirotaka
Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika Al-Biruni Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika Al-Biruni
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/jipfalbiruni.v14i2.27746

Abstract

The research aims to detect underground rivers using 2D mapping and minimal-noise data. In this research, 2-dimensional (2D) mapping of underground rivers in karst areas was carried out using the geophysical method of very low-frequency electromagnetic waves, namely VLF-EM (Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic Method). Electromagnetic wave analysis is based on differences in object frequencies, which reflect subsurface resistivity and conductivity and are captured by the VLF-EM detector. The measurement results were analyzed using three filter equations (Moving Average, Fraser, and Karous H-Jelt) and the Graphics User Interface Matrix Laboratory (GUI-MatLab) Software. Apart from that, the use of GUI-MatLab aims to create VLF-EM data processing software that is better for 2D interpretation display and more efficient in processing (requiring data entry only once). The research area was located in the karst rock area of Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, at coordinates 8.020°S and 110.36°E. The VLF-EM measurements and GUI-MatLab interpretation detected the presence of underground river flow crossing three villages in the study area (Timun Sari, Mojo Sari, and Peyuyon), with accurate results (conductive objects were easily distinguished). Therefore, based on this study, it is recommended that productive boreholes be drilled in the 3 villages where VLF measurements were taken. The productive borehole drilling is recommended in 3 villages.
Analisis Komposisi Mineral Lempung dan Maturitas Material Organik Daerah Balikpapan Selatan, Kota Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur Jamaluddin Jamaluddin; Agus Wiramsya Oscar; Nijusiho Manik; Emi Prasetyawati Umar
OPHIOLITE: Jurnal Geologi Terapan Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Desember: On Progress
Publisher : Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56099/ophi.v7i3.p123-132

Abstract

The research aims to analyze the influence of clay mineral composition on the thermal evolution of source rock in the South Balikpapan area, Balikpapan City, East Kalimantan. Mudstone samples were analyzed by vitrinite reflectance (Ro), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD analysis results show that the predominant clay minerals in the mudstone are mixed illite/smectite (35-42%), kaolinite (30-39%), illite (18-23%), and chlorite (5-10%). The predominant mineral presence of illite/smectite indicates a high heat retention capability. This plays an important role in the process of diagenesis and thermal transformation. High heat retention allows for localized temperature increases that further influence the thermal evolution of the host rock. The kaolinite mineral, which reaches 30-39%, contributes to the thermal stability of the host rock due to its inert nature in the medium temperature range. Meanwhile, the presence of illite minerals (18-23%) also supports thermal stability but with a smaller role than kaolinite. Otherwise, chlorite (5-10%) can increase the chemical reactivity of minerals under high temperature conditions, potentially triggering mild metamorphic reactions in rocks. The Ro values obtained from the samples range from 0.33% to 0.47%, which indicates a low to medium level of thermal maturity. This maturity level indicates that the mudstone rocks in the South Balikpapan area have not reached the optimal condition to produce hydrocarbons. These vitrinite reflectance values correspond to the estimated maximum temperature that the rocks have experienced, which is likely not high enough to trigger the formation of significant amounts of oil or gas.
Lithological Controls on Acid Mine Drainage Formation: An Integrated Rock Characterization of AMD Sources in the Sungai Seluang Area, East Kalimantan, Indonesia Jamaluddin; Qulub, Muhammad Syifaul; Manik, Nijusiho; Umar, Emi Prasetyawati; Ryka, Hamriani; Putri, Efrina Chandra Agusti
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v5i1.1061

Abstract

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) represents a critical environmental challenge in coal-mining regions, particularly due to its long-term impacts on surface water quality and surrounding ecosystems. This study investigates the lithological controls on AMD formation in the Sungai Seluang area, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, through an integrated rock characterization approach. The novelty of this research lies in linking detailed lithological attributes and pyrite micro-morphology with AMD generation potential and its implications for riverine water systems. Macroscopic lithological observations were combined with standardized pH testing (SNI 6989.11:2019) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the acid-generation characteristics of representative rock units. The results indicate that 92% of the analyzed samples are classified as Potentially Acid Forming (PAF), while only 8% are Non-Acid Forming (NAF). The study area is lithologically dominated by claystone (42%), sandstone (31%), and shale (27%), all of which commonly exhibit intense oxidative staining, pervasive fracturing, and weathering features that significantly enhance sulfide exposure to oxygen and water. SEM analyses reveal the presence of both euhedral and framboidal pyrite, with framboidal pyrite identified as particularly reactive and influential in accelerating acid production. Measured pH values are predominantly acidic (<6), indicating a high AMD potential that poses a serious threat to the Sungai Seluang system through acidification and metal mobilization. These findings demonstrate that lithology and micro-scale mineralogical characteristics play a decisive role in controlling AMD formation and its environmental consequences. The integrated approach adopted in this study provides a robust framework for early AMD source identification and supports the development of more effective geochemical management strategies aimed at protecting water quality and minimizing long-term environmental degradation in coal-mining areas.
Co-Authors Agriani Pongkessu Agus Ardianto Budiman Agus Wiramsya Oscar Agustin, Friska Alam Budiman Thamsi Alfian Nawir Alfian Nawir Alfian Nawir Alfian Nawir Alfian Nawir Alfian Nawir Alimuddin . Andi Fadli Heriansyah Andriansyah, Rian Anggun Farwati Abdullah Anjarwati, Retno Anshariah Anshariah Anshariah Anshariah Anshariah, Anshariah Arief Nashrullah Arif Nurwaskito Arif Nurwaskito Arif Wijaya Arifin, Mubdiana Arifudin Idrus Aryadi Nurfalaq Aryadi Nurfalaq Aulia, Rizky Nurul Bakri, Hasbi Bakri, Suriyanto Chalik, Citra Aulian Dirgahayu Lantara Djamaluddin Djamaluddin Dwi Fitri Yudiantoro Egi Rianto Pradana Fauzul Chaidir A. Usman Firdaus F Habibie Anwar Hariani M. Pakka Harwan Harwan Harwan Hasbi Bakri Idris Juradi, Muhammad Intan Noviantari Manyoe Ivan Taslim Jamal Rauf Husain Jamal Rauf Husain Jamal Rauf Husain Jamal Rauf Husain Jamaluddin Jamaluddin . Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Jamaluddin Joemsittiprasert, Watcharin Khadijah Rezkiani Tamar La Ode Muh Yazid Amsah M. Rezky Agung Setiawan Manik, Nijusiho Maria . Maria Maria Maria Maria Maria Maria Marnas, Muhammad Adam Maula, Frida Yassar Minarti Minarti Muhammad Adam Marnas Muhammad Adam Marnas Muhammad Altin Massinai Muhammad Fawzy Ismullah Massinai Muhammad Nur Alim Muhardi Mustafa Nawir, Alfian Nijusiho Manik Nofrohu Retongga Nompo, Supardin Nurfalaq, Aryadi Nurhajidah Muhsin Nurhawaisyah, Sitti Ratmi Nurliah Jafar Nurliah Jafar, Nurliah Pongkessu, Agriani Pratono, Landy Putri, Efrina Chandra Agusti Qulub, Muhammad Syifaul Rahma Hi Manrulu, Rahma Hi Ratna Sari Madusila Rizky Nurul Aulia Rofiqul Umam Ryka, Hamriani Septian Tri Nugraha Siregar, Rahmat Nawi Sismanto Sismanto Siti Suhartini Napu Sitti Muharni Sri Widodo Sri Widodo Suprastiwara, Khrisko Sutarto Sutarto Syamsuddin Syamsuddin Syamsuddin Syamsuddin Takahashi, Hirotaka Tamar, Khadijah Rezkiani Tappa, Nurfadhilah Sam Tedy Harianto Salama Wa Ode Emiria Srikandi Ndangi Wakila, Muhammad Hardin Yasin Septian