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Isolation of Chitinolytic Bacteria as Biocontrol Agent for Pathogenic Fungi on Cocoa Fruit in Sumbermanjing District, Malang Sulistyantini, Cahyaning; Mustafa, Irfan; Jatmiko , Yoga Dwi
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.01.05

Abstract

The productivity of cocoa plants in Sumbermanjing District is lower than in other parts of Malang Regency. Diseases like pathogenic fungi are to blame for the low output of cocoa plants. This research aimed to find chitinolytic bacteria that were superior at degrading chitin and limiting the growth of pathogenic fungi. These bacteria were isolated from cocoa garden soil and shrimp shell dumps. The bacteria from soil samples taken from the shrimp shell dump in Ujungpangkah District and the cocoa gardens in Sumbermanjing District were cultivated on an agar medium supplemented with colloidal chitin. The pathogenic fungi were discovered from decaying cocoa pods from Sumbermanjing District cocoa plantations. An antagonist test was used to gauge the inhibitory power, and a semi-quantitative test was used to measure the chitinolytic index. The similarity of 16S rDNA sequences allowed for the identification of superior bacterial isolates. The T2S1 isolates of chitinolytic bacteria had the highest levels of pathogenic fungi inhibition (25.14%, 20.85%, and 25.24%). With a 16S rDNA sequence similarity of 99.77%, Bacillus subtilis C10 was identified as the bacterium T2S1. Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, Pathogenetic fungi, Cocoa, Chitinase, 16s-rDNA.
Soil Properties and Macrofauna Community in a Converted Intensive Rice Field into an Organic Polyculture in Malang Regency, Indonesia: Soil Properties and Macrofauna Community in a Converted Intensive Rice Field Inayah, Durrotul; Mustafa, Irfan; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.01.13

Abstract

Farmers in Malang cultivated rice intensively since 2019 due to water availability but reduce yields. It might also reduce soil productivity and increase pest attacks, so the conversion field to organic polyculture was needed using sorghum and legumes. The research aims were to evaluate soil fauna dynamics and soil properties in the three, six, and 12 months after converting (mac) into organic polyculture. Soil and micro-climate factors were recorded including air temperature (°C), day length (hours), rainfall (mm), water content (%), organic matter content (%), electrical conductivity (mS.m-1), pH, and soil bulk density (g.cm-3). Soil macrofauna was sampled using hand sorting (20 x 20 x 10 cm) with five plots at each field. Identified soil macrofauna was used to determine the density, frequency, Important Value Index (IVI), Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'), Evenness Index (E), Simpson Dominance Index (D), Diversity t-test, and Indicator Species. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to analyze the interaction among abiotic factors and macrofauna using PAST 4.05. Results showed that the improvement of soil properties including soil organic matter and soil macrofauna was recorded at 6 mac compared to the intensive rice field, and continuously at 12 mac. The richness, diversity, and evenness of soil macrofauna taxa were higher in the converted field than in the intensive one due to organic polyculture. Moreover, we recorded a better proportion of detritivores and predators in the converted field after 12 months. Based on Indicator Species analysis, the dominant fire ants (Solenopsis sp.) in the intensive rice field might be considered as a potential indicator of unhealthy soil in the intensive rice fields. Whereas in the converted field the dominancy of these ants greatly decreased. We concluded that within 6 months conversion using the organic polyculture improved soil properties.
Different Mangrove Rehabilitation Statuses Effects to Benthic Bacterial Structure Community in the Northern Area of Java Island: Mangrove Rehabilitation to Benthic Bacterial in the Northern Area of Java Island Vidayanti, Viky; Retnaningdyah, Catur; Mustafa, Irfan; Oktaviani, Indah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.15

Abstract

The study proposed identifying the changes in bacterial community and diversity and exploring the potential correlations among sediments parameters and benthic bacterial communities under different mangrove ecosystems rehabilitation statuses. There were three sites: 1. Banyuurip Mangrove Center (BMC) as a restoration site; 2. Pulau Lusi (PL) as a degraded site; and 3. Kampung Blekok (KB) as natural site. The physicochemical parameters and benthic bacteria from the mangrove sediment of the three locations were observed. The data were analyzed statistically to determine the sites' variation and the correlation between parameters. The results found that the physicochemical parameters among restoration sites varied. Soil organic matter (SOM) in natural and restoration sites was significantly higher than in degraded sites. Cation exchange capacity (CEC), calcium and potassium ions, and soil conductivity of the restoration site were considerably higher than the other sites. According to diversity indices and taxa richness, benthic bacteria in the restoration were the most diverse. Proteobacteria dominated in natural and restoration sites; meanwhile, Firmicutes dominated in degraded site. Sulfurovum aggregans was found abundant in natural and restoration sites; meanwhile, Mesobacillus subterraneus was the dominant species in the degraded site. Furthermore, the bacterial taxa richness was positively correlated with SOM and the bacterial diversity was correlated with CEC and conductivity.
Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose-clay Composite using Indonesian Natural Bentonite for Cr(VI) Adsorption Julinawati, Julinawati; Nadia, Eka; Mustafa, Irfan; Suryati, Suryati
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.289

Abstract

Contamination of Cr(VI) is of global concern, whereas the innovation in wastewater treatment is required. Combination of bentonite and cellulose could produce an effective adsorbent to treat Cr(VI)-containing wastewater. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of composite bentonite/cellulose (B/Cell) to remove Cr(VI) in the aqueous media, in which the bentonite was collected from local sources. The Na-bentonite was firstly prepared before proceeding to cellulose embedment. The resultant B/Cell was characterized for its functional groups, morphology, and crystallinity. The Cr(VI) adsorption capacity and removal efficiency were determined based on batch adsorption. Our findings revealed that the B/Cell composite with a 4:1 bentonite-to-cellulose mass ratio exhibited the highest removal efficiency (85.68%) among tested formulations. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed the successful integration of cellulose and structural modification of bentonite. Optimal adsorption was achieved at pH 3, 180-min contact time, and 10 g/L adsorbent dosage. Isotherm modeling showed excellent fits for Sips (R2 = 0.9992) model, with maximum adsorption capacity reaching 192.56 mg/g. Kinetic analysis indicated pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.959, qe = 1.018 mg/g), suggesting a chemisorption mechanism. These results highlight the potential of the B/Cell composite as an efficient and low-cost adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous environments.
Penetapan Kadar Mineral Kalsium Air Nira Aren Kabupaten Aceh Besar Secara Kompleksometri Adriani, Azmalina; Andalia, Rizki; Hardiana; Mustafa, Irfan
Journal of Science and Health Darussalam Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Darussalam
Publisher : Akademi Analis Farmasi dan Makanan Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56690/jskd.v5i1.160

Abstract

Air nira aren diketahui memiliki kandungan protein, mineral, dan vitamin. Berbagai mineral penting ditemukan dalam air nira aren seperti Kalium, Kalsium, Fosfor, Besi dan Natrium. Tujuan dilakukanya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas fisik dan kadar mineral Kalsium dalam air nira aren (Arenga piñata) daerah Seulimum Aceh Besar. Metode analisis kadar kalsium yang digunakan adalah secara titrasi kompleksometri dengan menggunakan larutan standar Etilen Diamin Tetra Asetat (EDTA). Parameter uji pada penelitian ini adalah uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji berat jenis, uji viskositas dan penetapan kadar kalsium. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian uji organoleptik berbau khas alkohol, berasa manis keasaman dan berwarna putih susu. pH air nira aren yaitu 6,5, berat jenis (Bj) yaitu 1,0868 g/mL, viskositas atau kekentalan 5,799
Detection of Plantaricin-Encoding Gene and Its Partial Purification in Lactobacillus plantarum BP102 Suryani, Elsa Mega; Jatmiko, Yoga Dwi; Mustafa, Irfan
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8 No 2 (2023): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i2.27851

Abstract

Lactobacillus plantarum BP102 isolated from garlic bulb tissue has probiotic properties, including producing bacteriocin called plantaricin. This study aimed to detect the gene encoding bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum BP102, and to evaluate the bacteriocin activity at each stage of partial purification. After the end of the log phase of L. plantarum BP102 was determined, and the bacteriocin-encoding genes were checked by PCR technique. Partial purification of bacteriocin was elucidated including pH-neutralized cell-free-supernatant (CFS), precipitation using 80% of ammonium sulfate, and dialysis (cut-off 10 kDa), then the bacteriocin activity in every partial purification stage was evaluated. The molecular weight of plantaricin was estimated using SDS-PAGE analysis. Lactobacillus plantarum BP102 harbored the gene encoding plantaricin (pln) biosynthesis, namely plnEF and plnK genes. The activity of crude bacteriocin was inactivated by the presence of proteinase-K enzyme. The protein concentration was gradually decreased along with the purification process. The bacteriocin activity was demonstrated at each step of the purification process (CFS, precipitation, and dialysis) against Bacillus cereus by 9.23 ± 0.20 mm, 7.86 ± 0.15 mm, and 7.6 ± 0.10 mm, respectively; while, Escherichia coli by 10.3 ± 0.55 mm, 7.4 ± 0.1 mm, and 6.86 ± 0.45, respectively. The molecular weight of partially purified bacteriocin BP102 was found to be approximately 15.9 kDa. The overlaid part of the gel showed a slight inhibition against E. coli due to a low protein concentration. This bacteriocin purification process should be further optimized to improve the bacteriocin activity that could be useful for food preservation.
Polyurethane Membranes From Red Seaweeds For Ammonia Adsorption Kamila, Nurul; Marlina, Marlina; Mustafa, Irfan; Nurman, Salfauqi; Saiful, Saiful
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jokarbazon.v1i1.32874

Abstract

Polyurethane (PU) membranes were prepared from red seaweed (Gracilaria sp.), castor oil, Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), and added benzoyl peroxide (BPO) additive to improve membrane performance. The membrane is applied for the adsorption of ammonia in the solution. FT-IR analysis showed the presence of functional group N = C = O at a wavenumber of 2276 cm-1 and the O-H functional group at a wave number of 3373.50 cm-1, indicating the urethane group's formation has been formed during membrane polymerization. SEM images showed the morphological structure of the PU membrane, where the more open structure of the PU membrane by the addition of BPO. The DSC and TGA results showed the membrane's thermal stability with the addition of BPO. The PU membrane has an optimum contact time for ammonia uptake of 40 minutes. The adsorption isotherm of ammonia by the PU membrane follows the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption capacity of the PU membrane with the addition of BPO additives was 13.2 mg/g, which shows that the adsorption capacity of the PU-BPO membrane has a better performance than a membrane without the addition of the BPO. The PU-BPO membrane could be used as an alternative method of ammonia removal.
The Effect of Antioxidants of -Tocopherol on the Characteristic of Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphology Properties of Polypropylene-Montmorillonite (PP-MMT) Nanocomposites Julinawati, Julinawati; Rahmi, Rahmi; MZ., Kartika; Mustafa, Irfan; Suryati, Suryati
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jokarbazon.v1i1.32812

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of -tocopherol on the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of polypropylene-montmorillonite (PP-MMT) nanocomposites. The preparation of polypropylene-montmorillonite (PP-MMT-AO) nanocomposites was carried out on PP compositions; PP-g-MA; MMT-octadecyl amine; AO is 80;10;10;5 and the PP-MMT nanocomposite composition is PP; PP-g-MA; MMT-Octadecyl amine: 80;10;10. The SEM results showed that polypropylene, MMT, and the antioxidant -tocopherol could be exfoliated and intercalated to produce compatible nanocomposites. The mechanical and thermal test results showed that the PP-MMT-AO nanocomposite had higher mechanical properties and thermal stability than the PP-MMT nanocomposite. Based on the FTIR test and degradation test on PP-MMT and PP-MMT-AO films which were carried out for up to 15 days and 30 days showed that the PP-MMT-AO nanocomposite against UV light was given, this shows that -Tocopherol can prevent oxidation reactions polypropylene.
Enhancing Community Knowledge and Skills in Organic Farming and Natural Dyes for Ikat Weaving in Ensaid Panjang, Sintang, West Kalimantan Leksono, Amin Setyo; Mustafa, Irfan; Yanuwiadi, Bagyo; Turhadi, Turhadi; Afandhi, Aminudin; Zairina, Anisa
TRI DHARMA MANDIRI: Dissemination and Downstreaming of Research to the Community (Journal of Community Engagement) Vol 5 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : SMONAGENES Research Center, Univeritas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtridharma.2025.005.02.118

Abstract

This community service program aimed to analyze the level of knowledge and identify strategies for introducing organic farming and natural dye production technologies for ikat weaving among the Dayak community in Ensaid Panjang Village, Sintang, West Kalimantan. The program employed an action research method with a problem-based learning approach. The activities began with a community needs assessment, followed by the delivery of materials and information through lectures, simulations, demonstrations, and training sessions. A total of 52 participants took part in the program. Among them, several informants were selected based on their knowledge and expertise. The key informants included the head of Ensaid Panjang Village, the Betang customary elders, and representatives from the Ensaid Panjang community. The results showed that three leading indicators demonstrated significant improvement in participants’ understanding. These included enhanced community skills in producing natural dyes from local plants for ikat weaving, the ability to process organic fertilizers from household waste, garbage, and animal manure, as well as the strengthening of institutional roles that support the production and marketing of woven fabrics. The substantial increase in understanding indicated that this program successfully improved participants’ knowledge and skills. Overall, the average increase in community understanding and achievement was 11%, with a notable 51% increase in knowledge of composting specifically.