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All Journal Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat: Media Pemikiran dan Dakwah Pembangunan Narra J JMMR (Jurnal Medicoeticolegal dan Manajemen Rumah Sakit) Sanus Medical Journal Journal of Sustainable Livestock
MULYOTO PANGESTU
1. EPRD- Dept. Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Monash Medical Center,Victoria, Melbourne 2.Lab. Reproductive Physiology, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary

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Exploring the potential of Holothuria atra extract in modulating fasting triglyceride index and obesity: In silico, in vitro and in vivo studies Al’asyi, Assyu’ara; Ujianti, Irena; Nadika, Rara; Zahirah, Zahirah; Faizin, Bimo J.; Afifah, Devana A.; Farhan, Randhiva; Rahmadina, Salsabila P.; Lubis, Raisya ZN.; Ghaisani, Sakinah; Arkananta, Kiflan; Lakshmi, Bety S.; Pangestu, Mulyoto
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i3.2839

Abstract

Obesity remains a major global health challenge and is strongly associated with metabolic disorders, particularly cardiovascular disease. This has fueled growing interest in natural interventions that regulate lipid metabolism as potential strategies to mitigate associated risks. Among these, Holothuria atra has emerged as a candidate due to its diverse bioactive compounds, though its mechanisms of action and therapeutic efficacy remain inadequately characterized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of H. atra extract (HAE) and exercise on metabolic regulation, with the goal of determining whether their synergistic use enhances obesity management by targeting multiple metabolic pathways. Specimens of H. atra were collected from Tablolong Beach, Indonesia, and ethanol extracts were prepared. An in-silico analysis was performed to assess drug-likeness, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) properties, and network pharmacology. In vitro test using human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) underwent adipogenic differentiation with or without HAE treatment. This study used male Sprague-Dawley rats that were fed either a control or high-fat diet and further subdivided into groups receiving extract supplementation, swimming exercise, or a combination of both for six weeks. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis identified 6-gingerol and sarcostin as principal bioactive compounds, both of which fulfilled drug-likeness criteria. In silico analyses implicated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) signaling as a major molecular target. In vitro tests found that HAE attenuated adipogenic differentiation of hUC-MSCs. Both HAE and exercise significantly reduced triglycerides, glucose, and the triglyceride–glucose index in rats fed a high-fat diet. The combination of HAE and exercise produced the greatest improvements, with significant reductions in glucose (p<0.01) , triglycerides (p<0.001), and the triglyceride–glucose index (p<0.001) compared to the high-fat diet control group. Collectively, these findings suggest that HAE, particularly when combined with regular exercise, improves lipid metabolism and may serve as a promising complementary strategy for obesity management.
Co-Authors Afifah, Devana A. Albizzia, Oktarina Al’asyi, Assyu’ara Apriliana, Dian Arief Boediono Arkananta, Kiflan Bambang Purwanto Brahmana, Ivanna Beru Brian Wasita Daniel Happy Putra Djaswadi Dasuki Doso Sarwanto Eka Tri Wulandari, Eka Tri Em Sutrisna Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari Faizin, Bimo J. Farhan, Randhiva Fitranto Arjadi Ghaisani, Sakinah Hadi, Cahyono Ita Fauzia Hanoum, Ita Fauzia Lakshmi, Bety S. Lientje Setyawati Maurits Lubis, Raisya ZN. Mustifah, Etty Farida Muzakar Isa Nadika, Rara Nurnaningsih, Wida Putri, Dewi Novita R. Sapto Hendri Boedi Soesatyo Rahmadina, Salsabila P. Rita Cempaka Sakina, Aulia Widya Shofwal Widad Siti Maesaroh Soetrisno Soetrisno Sri Kadarsih Soejono Sri Lestariningsih Sukarya, Wawang Setiawan Tuswati, Sari Ujianti, Irena Uki Retno Budihastuti Wedadjati, Ratna Sesotya Yundari, Yundari Zahirah, Zahirah