Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2020 - 2025
1.909
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan Current Biochemistry Jurnal Sains Teh dan Kina Journal of Science Innovare Menara Perkebunan Proceeding Biology Education Conference
Tri Panji
Universitas Pakuan
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Education Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Published : 77 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 77 Documents
Search

 4   5   6   7   8 
Lipase spesifik 1,3-gliserida dari fungi lokal untuk biokonversi CPO menjadi diasilgliserol Specific lipase of 1,3-glyceride from indigenous fungi for bioconversion of CPO to produce diacylglycerol . TRI-PANJI; . SUHARYANTO; Nining ARINI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 76 No. 1: 76 (1), 2008
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v76i1.90

Abstract

SummaryDownstream industry of palm oil producing specialty oil with higher economic value compared to that of CPO in Indonesia is less developed due to technical obstacle and the availability of supporting materials. Specific lipase 1,3-glyceride for example which is used for oleochemical processing of healthy oil production is still imported with relatively high price.  Healthy oil can be made from CPO bioconversion using the enzyme that produces oil rich in diacylglycerol (DAG). Although research on the production and the use of lipase has been well studied, production of specific lipase from microbes of local source is still very limited.  This article reports one part of the series of the research activities on bioprocess and genetic engineering approaches to produce specific lipase for bioconversion of CPO i.e optimization of 1,3-glyceride-spesific lipase production from fungi selected from local sources. Based on the fluorescence zone on the screening media, of the twenty isolates collection, it was found that P6 isolate, thereafter indentified as Neurospora sitophila, has the highest activity of 1,3-glyceride-specific lipase. The lipase of N.  sitophila was able to catalyze glycerolysis of triacylglycerol (TAG) in CPO to produce DAG. The bioconversion products of lipase yielding ratio of DAG/TAG was higher than ratio of free fatty acids (FFA)/TAG (0.12 > 0.08). The optimum condition of the enzymatic bioconversion was at 40 oC, pH 6, and 10-day incubation. The primary fatty acids on the DAG were oleic (56.2%), palmitic (40.0%), and myristic (2.7%) acids. The decrease of palmitic acid on DAG compared to on TAG, indicated that the lipase of N. sitophila worked relatively specific at C1 or C3 of the TAG.Kurang berkembangnya industri hilir yang menghasilkan minyak khusus yang nilainya berlipat dibandingkan CPO antara lain karena hambatan teknis dan ketersediaan bahan pendukungnya. Lipase spesifik 1,3-gliserida misalnya, yang digunakan untuk produksi minyak kesehatan, masih diimpor dengan harga relatif tinggi. Minyak kesehatan dapat diproduksi dari biokonversi CPO dengan lipase spesifik 1,3-gliserida hingga diperoleh minyak yang kaya kandungan diasilgliserol (DAG). Tulisan ini melaporkan optimasi aktivitas lipase spesifik 1,3-gliserida dari fungi isolat lokal terpilih. Berdasarkan zona fluoresens pada medium penapis lipase, dari 20 isolat fungi yang diuji isolat P6 yang kemudian diidentifikasi sebagai Neurospora sitophila memiliki aktivitas tertinggi dan bersifat spesifik 1,3-gliserida. Lipase N. sitophilamampu mengkatalisis gliserolisis triasilgliserol (TAG) dalam CPO untuk menghasilkan DAG. Lipase tersebut menghasilkan nilai perban-dingan DAG/TAG  lebih  besar  dari nilai perbandingan asam lemak bebas (ALB)/TAG (0,12 > 0,08). Kondisi optimum biokonversi enzimatis ini terjadi pada suhu 40 oC, pH 6, dan waktu inkubasi selama 10 hari. Asam lemak utama penyusun DAG adalah asam oleat (56,2%), palmitat (40,0%), dan miristat (2,7%). Berkurangnya asam palmitat pada DAG dibanding pada TAG menunjukkan bahwa lipase N. sitophila bekerja secara relatif spesifik pada C1 atau C3 dari gliserida.
Optimisasi produksi biogas dari limbah lateks cair pekat dengan penambahan logam Optimization of biogas production from concentrated-latex effluent with addition of metals Irma KRESNAWATY; I SUSANTI; . SISWANTO; . TRI-PANJI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 76 No. 1: 76 (1), 2008
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v76i1.92

Abstract

Summary The treatment of concentrated-latex effluent process applied in the field presently, has not obtain optimum additional benefits. Besides that, the technology using ponding system  needs  wide area and causes air pollution that  such a way caused conflicts with society. The application  concept of clean industry: reuse, reduction, recovery and recycling, makes the possibilities to convert the effluent to be usefull products. One of the alternative effluent process is by utilizing it as the source of renewable energy, that is in the form of biogas as an  alternative energy. The preliminary research showed that the use of spontaneous latex skim coagulation, the  addition of 1% manure as source of seed, and leaf biomass as the source of carbon could increase the biogas production. This research was carried out to optimize biogas production by adding metal ion and to observe the parameters which influenced every stage of biogas production. At the beginning of the process, pH showed increasing due to the hydrolysis process that generally occured in acid condition, but it remained stable (6.6-7.7) in the next steps, whereas, the VFA value as well as BOD value tended to increase. COD value had fluctuative inclination caused by the conversion of organic compounds to produce biogas and the hydrolysis process of leaf biomass to organic compounds that decom-posed to further biogas. The best result of biogas production was showed by addition of Fe3+ with optimum concentration 0.50 mg/L effluent.
Pola aktivitas enzim ligninolitik Pleurotus ostreatus pada limbah sludge pabrik kertas Activity pattern of ligninolytic enzyme of Pleurotus ostreatus in sludge waste of paper factory Happy WIDIASTUTI; . TRI-PANJI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 76 No. 1: 76 (1), 2008
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v76i1.95

Abstract

Summary Sludge is a solid waste abundantly available on paper factory that is economically unutilized and tends to pollute environment. This waste can be used as growth media for oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) as edible mushroom and ligninolytic enzymes production as well. A research has been conducted to study the activity pattern of ligninolytic enzymes of oyster mushroom grown on the sludge waste of recycle paper factory. Six treatments were examinated consisted of three media combinations (sawdust, sludge, sludge mixed with sawdust), with and without supplementing with rice bran, lime, and gypsum, and two mushroom strains Bogor oyster mushroom (JTB) and China Taipei oyster mushroom (JTT). Monitoring of ligninolytic enzyme activity consisting of laccase, mangan peroxidase (Mn-P) and lignin peroxidase (Li-P),  was subsequently regularly started since inoculation, at vegetative phase (four and six weeks), primordial formation, phase of fruiting body formation, and two weeks after formation of fruiting body. Each treatment was repeated three times, so that 216 bag logs of oyster mushroom cultures were performed. The results showed that laccase, Mn-P, and Li-P activities could be observed on sludge or mixture of sludge+sawdust media inoculated with P. ostreatus. Generally, the highest activity of ligninolytic enzymes especially for laccase and MnP were observed at the first vegetative growth phase i.e. before emerging primordial of fruiting body (1.697 & 2.113 U/mL, 4.394 & 2.314 U/mL  respectively for JTB and JTT laccase and JTB & JTT Mn-P). The highest Li-P activity was affected by the kind of media and strain of inoculum. In sludge medium, the highest Li-P activity was observed in  vegetative growth phase (2.706 & 4.014 U/mL respectively for JTB and JTT) while in a mixture of sludge + sawdust the highest activity of that enzyme was observed in primordial phase of growth (2.509 & 1.9 U/mL respectively for JTB and JTT). Addition of supplement to the sludge increased ligninolytic activity, while laccase activity of sludge was suggested could be more enhanced by mixing the sludge with sawdust and enrich with rice bran, gypsum and lime. Ringkasan                                                Sludge merupakan limbah padat yang tersedia melimpah di pabrik kertas dan belum dimanfaatkan secara ekonomis sehingga berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Limbah ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai medium tumbuh jamur konsumsi seperti jamur tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) dan penghasil enzim ligninolitik. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mempelajari pola aktivitas enzim ligninolitik jamur tiram pada limbah sludge pabrik kertas selama fase vegetatif sampai setelah fase generatif. Enam perlakuan yang diuji berupa tiga kombinasi komposisi medium (serbuk gergaji, sludge, campuran sludge dan serbuk gergaji), dengan dan tanpa pengayaan, yaitu penambahan dedak, kapur, dan gipsum,  serta dua strain jamur tiram Bogor (JTB) dan jamur tiram China Taipei (JTT). Pengamatan aktivitas enzim ligninolitik meliputi lakase, mangan peroksidase (Mn-P) dan lignin peroksidase  (Li-P) dilakukan sejak saat inokulasi, pada fase vegetatif (empat dan enam minggu), pada saat pembentukan primordia, fase tubuh buah, dan dua minggu setelah pembentukan tubuh buah. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali sehingga terdapat 216 bag log jamur tiram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas ligninolitik dijumpai pada medium sludge dan campuran sludge+serbuk gergaji yang diino-kulasi P. ostreatus. Aktivitas enzim ligninolitik tertinggi khususnya lakase dan MnP teramati pada fase pertumbuhan vegetatif pertama yaitu sebelum terbentuknya primordia (1,697 & 2,113 U/mL, 4,394 & 2,314 U/mL  masing-masing untuk lakase JTB dan JTT dan MnP  JTB & JTT). Aktivitas LiP tertinggi dipengaruhi oleh jenis medium dan strain inokulum. Pada medium sludge, aktivitas LiP tertinggi dijumpai pada fase vegetatif (2,706 & 4,014 U/ml masing-masing untuk JTB dan JTT) sedangkan pada medium campuran sludge+serbuk gergaji, aktivitas enzim  ter-tinggi dijumpai  pada fase primordia (2,509 & 1,9 U/ml berturut-turut untuk JTB dan JTT). Pengayaan sludge meningkatkan aktivitas ligninolitik, sedangkan aktivitas lakase pada sludge diduga dapat lebih ditingkatkan dengan menambahkan serbuk gergaji disertai pengayaan berupa gipsum, dedak, dan kapur.
Produksi IAA oleh Rhizobium sp. dalam medium sintetik dan serum lateks dengan suplementasi triptofan Indole acetic acid production by Rhizobium sp. on synthetic and latex serum media with tryptophan supplementation . SUHARYANTO; . TRI-PANJI; . GUSNANIAR
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 77 No. 1: 77 (1), 2009
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v77i1.105

Abstract

AbstractThe utilization of latex effluent to producebioproduct like indole acetic acid (IAA) willreduce amount of effluent, as well as effluentprocessing cost and produce an economicallyprofitable product. IAA could be produced bysome rhizosphere microbes that could grow onlatex effluent using L-tryptophan (Trp) as itsprecursor. The aim of this research is todetermine potential growth and capability of IAAproduction by Rhizobium spp. R6 and KT onsynthetic and latex serum media supplementedwith pure Trp and with litter poultry manure as acheap source of Trp. The research coveredexamination of IAA producing Rhizobia usingliquid synthetic media supplemented with 0.07g/L and 0.14 g/L Trp. The potential Rhizobiumsp. in producing IAA was then inoculated intolatex serum media supplemented with pure Trpand Trp from litter poultry manure. Result of theresearch showed that the highest IAA productionwas reached as much as 51.08 µg/mL in syntheticmedia supplemented with 0.14 g/L Trp inoculatedwith Rhizobium sp. R6. IAA could be producedas much as 6.63 µg/mL in pasteurizedundiluted latex serum media supplemented with0.14 g/L Trp. Using latex serum mediasupplemented with Trp from litter poultry manureshowed that Rhizobium sp. R6 could produce11.91 µg/mL. Supplementation of pure syntheticTrp in IAA production could be replaced withlitter poultry manure as a cheap source of Trp.AbstrakPemanfaatan limbah lateks menjadi produkbio seperti asam indol asetat (IAA), dapatmengurangi volume limbah, menekan biayapengolahan limbah, serta menghasilkan produkyang bernilai ekonomis. IAA dapat dihasilkanoleh beberapa mikroba rhizosfer yang mamputumbuh dalam limbah lateks dengan L-triptofan(Trp) sebagai prekursor-nya. Penelitian bertujuanmenetapkan potensi pertumbuhan dan produksiIAA oleh Rhizobium spp. R6 dan KT dalammedium sintetik dan serum lateks yangdisuplementasi Trp sintetik dan kotoran ayamsebagai sumber Trp murah. Isolat potensial dalamproduksi IAA kemudian ditumbuhkan dalammedium serum lateks pekat yang disuplementasiTrp murni dan Trp dari kotoran ayam. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi IAAtertinggi diperoleh dalam medium sintetik olehRhizobium sp. R6, sebesar 51,08 µg/mL. IAAdapat diproduksi sebesar 6,63 µg/mL dalammedium serum lateks 100% + Trp 0,14 g/L yangdipasteurisasi. Dalam medium serum lateks yangdisuplementasi Trp dari kotoran ayam, produksiIAA Rhizobium sp. R6 dapat mencapai 11,91µg/mL. Suplementasi Trp murni dalam produksiIAA dapat digantikan dengan kotoran ayamsebagai sumber Trp yang mura
Biokonversi CPO dengan desaturase amobil sistem kontinu pada skala semipilot untuk produksi minyak mengandung GLA Bioconversion of CPO using immobilized desaturase in continuous system at semipilot scale to produce oil containing GLA . SUHARYANTO; . TRI-PANJI; M Irfani ABDULLAH; Khaswar SYAMSU
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 74 No. 2: 74 (2), 2006
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v74i2.111

Abstract

Summary Gamma linolenic acid (GLA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid having high economic value as healthy oil. Research at laboratory scale showed that Absidia corymbifera and Rhizopus sp. fungi have the ability to increase unsaturation level of crude palm oil (CPO) and GLA formation through enzymatic bioconversion.  Stability of desatu-rase enzyme, especially ∆6 and ∆12 having significant role in this process could be enhanced by applying immobilization technique. The current research objective was to determine optimum process of CPO bio-conversion using immobilized desaturase enzyme using continuous system at semipilot scale to produce CPO containing GLA.  Crude  desaturase enzyme of A. corymbifera biomass was immobilized with zeolite particles and used for optimization of CPO bioconversion in continuous system at semipilot scale (15,000 mL per day). Optimization of bio-conversion conditions included flow rate of substrate, size of zeolite for immobilization, and enzyme stability during process.  The result showed that desaturase immobilized in small size particles of zeolite (1-3 mm) gave higher increase unsaturation level with average desaturase activity of 7.84 U, compared to that immobilized in larger zeolite  particles (8-10 mm), which reached average desaturase activity of 4.67 U.  However, the use of small zeolite particles often caused plugging substrate flow. The activity of immobilized desaturase in continuous  system was stable for 9-18 hours. Optimum flow rate of substrate using small zeolite particles (1-3 mm) was  850 mL/min, while that of using larger zeolite particles (8-10 mm) was 875 mL/min.  The bioconversion of CPO at optimum condition yielding 1.58% (w/w) GLA from initial concentration of linolenic acid 0.29%. RingkasanAsam γ-linolenat (GLA) merupakan asam lemak takjenuh majemuk yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi sebagai minyak kesehatan. Penelitian pada skala laboratorium me-nunjukkan bahwa Absidia corymbifera dan Rhizopus sp. memiliki kemampuan untuk me-ningkatkan ketidak-jenuhan minyak sawit mentah (CPO) dan menghasilkan GLA melalui biokonversi enzimatis. Stabilitas enzim desaturase, khususnya ∆6 dan ∆12yang berperan pada proses ini dapat ditingkatkan antara lain melalui teknik amobilisasi. Penelitian lanjutan ini bertujuan menetapkan kondisi optimum biokonversi CPO untuk menghasilkan minyak yang kaya akan asam lemak takjenuh majemuk, khususnya GLA menggunakan enzim desaturase amobil sistem kontinu pada skala semipilot.  Ekstrak kasar enzim desaturase asal biomassa fungi             A. corymbifera diamobilisasi dengan butiran zeolit dan selanjutnya digunakan untuk optimasi proses biokonversi secara kontinu pada skala semipilot (15.000 mL per hari). Optimasi proses kontinu meliputi laju alir substrat, ukuran butiran zeolit, dan stabilitas enzim selama proses. Hasil penelitian menun-jukkan bahwa desaturase yang diamobilisasi pada zeolit berukuran kecil (1-3 mm) memberikan peningkatan ketidakjenuhan yang lebih tinggi dengan aktivitas rata-rata 7,84 U, dibandingkan dengan yang diamobilisasi pada zeolit berukuran besar (8-10 mm) dengan aktivitas rata-rata 4,67 U. Namun, penggunaan zeolit berukuran kecil sering menimbulkan sumbatan aliran substrat. Aktivitas desaturase amobil pada proses kontinu dapat bertahan selama 9-18 jam. Laju alir optimum substrat pada penggunaan zeolit berukuran kecil (1-3 mm) adalah 850 mL/menit, sedangkan pada penggunaan zeolit besar (8-10 mm) adalah 875 mL/menit. Biokonversi CPO pada kondisi optimum menghasilkan GLA 1,58% (b/b) dari kandungan asam linolenat awal 0,29%tration of linolenic acid 0.29%.
Produksi, isolasi dan karakterisasi superoksida dismutase dari Spirulina platensis yang dibiakkan dalam serum lateks Production, isolation, and characterization of superoxyde dismutase from Spirulina platensis cultured on latex serum . TRI-PANJI; . SUHARYANTO; Marini WIJAYANTI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 77 No. 1: 77 (1), 2009
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v77i1.113

Abstract

AbstractSpirulina platensis is a blue-green microalgawhich is frequently used for food and feedsupplements and cosmetic active agent. Thismicroalga also produces a strong antioxidantnamely superoxide dismutase (SOD) used ascosmetic active agent for anti aging and anti freeradicals. SOD was isolated from S. platensis cellbiomass from local isolate grown on latex serumon semipilot (3.5 m 3 ) and pilot scale (40 m 3 )then dried with spray drying or sun drying andcharacterized. SOD was purified with sequentialtwo-stage sedimentation using ammoniumsulphate and fractionated in chromatographiccolumn containing Sephadex G 200. Thefractions were analysed to determine the activity,cofactor metal and amino acid composition of theantioxidant. The results showed thatsedimentation of SOD extract with 80%ammonium sulphate produced SOD with higheractivity compared to that of SOD fromcommercial S. platensis biomass. This SOD wassuccessfully isolated and purified. MetaloenzymeSOD was composed of subunits with molecularweight of 77.78; 71.74; and 19.2 kDa, whichcontained nine types of amino acids with tyrosineand lysine as the major amino acid components.Zn was the most predominant metal on SOD, thenfollowed by Fe and Mn. The main subunitcofactors consisted of Zn 72%, Fe 25%, Mn 2%,and Cu 1%, which were different from thesmall subunit that contained of Zn 55%, Mn 31%,Fe 14%, and Cu 4%. The stability of SOD wasachieved on pH 7.5 and temperature below 25 o C.AbstrakSpirulina platensis adalah mikroalga hijaubiru yang banyak digunakan sebagai suplemenpangan, pakan, dan bahan aktif kosmetika.Mikroalga ini juga menghasilkan antioksidankuat yaitu superoksida dismutase (SOD), yangmerupakan bahan aktif kosmetika anti penuaandini dan pencegah efek radikal bebas. SODdiisolasi dari biomassa sel S. platensis isolat lokalyang dibiakkan dalam serum lateks skalasemipilot (3,5 m 3 ) dan pilot (40 m 3 ) sertadikeringkan dengan cara pengeringan kabut(spray drying) atau penjemuran untuk kemudiandikarakterisasi. SOD dimurnikan dengan peng-endapan bertingkat menggunakan ammoniumsulfat dan dipisahkan dengan kolom kromatografiberisi Sephadex G 200. Hasil pemisahankemudian dianalisis untuk menentukan aktivitas,logam kofaktor serta komposisi asam amino antioksidan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa pengendapan ekstrak SOD denganSOD lebih tinggi dari SOD asal biomassaS. platensis komersial. SOD tersebut telahberhasil diisolasi dan dimurnikan. MetaloenzimSOD tersusun atas subunit dengan BM 77,78;71,74; dan 19,2 kDa, yang mengandungsembilan jenis asam amino dengan tirosin danlisin sebagai komponen asam amino utama.Logam yang dominan pada SOD adalah Zn,disusul kemudian Fe dan Mn. Kofaktor sub unitbesar terdiri dari Zn 72%, Fe 25%, Mn 2%, danCu 1%, berbeda dengan sub unit kecil yangmengandung Zn 55%, Mn 31%, Fe 14%, dan Cu4%. Stabilitas SOD S. platensis dicapai pada pH7,5 dan suhu di bawah 25 o Cammonium sulfat 80% menghasilkan aktivitas
Karakterisasi gen penyandi lipase dari kapang Rhizopus oryzae dan Absidia corymbifera Characterization of gene encoding lipase from fungus Rhizopus oryzae and Absidia corymbifera Riza A PUTRANTO; Djoko SANTOSO; . TRI-PANJI; . SUHARYANTO; Asmini BUDIANI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 74 No. 1: 74 (1), 2006
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v74i1.118

Abstract

SummaryLipase is a group of enzymes which catalyze fat hydrolysis. Lipase is recently used to produce diacylglycerol (DAG) from triacylglycerol (TAG). Lipase  can be used to produce healthy oil. Having a rich biodiversity, Indonesia has the opportunity to produce lipase using indigenous microbes, such as molds. This research aimed to detect  LIPASE  gene on several strains of molds employing PCR technique. Genomic DNAs were isolated from four strains of molds (M. sitophila, R. oryzae, R. microsporus, and A. corymbifera). Heterologous primers for LIPASE  were designed based on the conserved region of 12 LIPASE  sequences accessed from GenBank and used to amplify the genomic DNA resulted in a 466 bp fragmen. BLAST analysis showed that the bands of DNAs have high homology with common lipase protein in several strains of  Rhizopus.Ringkasan Lipase merupakan kelompok enzim yang berfungsi sebagai biokatalis hidrolisis lemak. Lipase banyak digunakan untuk konversi triasilgliserol (TAG) menjadi diasilgliserol (DAG). Penggunaan lipase penting untuk produksi minyak sehat (healthy oil). Indonesia dengan keanekaragaman hayati tinggi berpeluang besar   mengembangkan   produksi   lipase   dari mikroba lokal, salah satunya adalah kapang. Deteksi gen merupakan langkah awal dalam upaya peningkatan produksi lipase melalui rekayasa genetika. DNA genomik empat galur kapang (M. sitophila, R. oryzae, R. microsporus, dan A. corymbifera) telah berhasil diisolasi. Sepasang primer heterologous telah berhasil dirancang berdasarkan daerah terkonservasi 12 sekuen gen LIPASE dari GenBank. Amplikon DNA yang diperoleh pada PCR menggunakan pasangan primer RLP memiliki panjang 466 bp. Analisis BLAST memperlihatkan bahwa amplikon PCR memiliki homologi yang tinggi dengan protein LIPASE  beberapa galur Rhizopus. 
Produksi dan stabilisasi desaturase dari Absidia corymbifera Production and stabilization of desaturases from Absidia corymbifera . TRI-PANJI; . SUHARYANTO; A W PAULUS; K SYAMSU; A M FAUZI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 70 No. 2: 70 (2), 2002
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v70i2.129

Abstract

SummaryDesaturases are enzymes which catalyze desaturation process on carbon chain of fatty acids into unsaturated fatty acids useful for healthy oil. Desaturases could be produced from Absidia corymbifera and applied for increasing unsaturation level and crude palm oil (CPO) quality. Desaturases have been known as very unstable enzymes. The objective this research was to determine carbon sources and culture time for optimum desaturase production, fatty acid composition resulted from desaturase bioconversion, and methods for stabilization of desaturase from A. corymbifera. Results showed that desaturases from A. corymbifera are intracellular enzymes that reached the highest activity in Serrano-Careon medium with C sources of a mixture of sucrose and paraffin (0.14 U/mL) and C sources of molasses (0.11 U/mL) incubated for 76 and 120 hours respectively. Activity of ∆6 and ∆12 desaturases have been detected in culture filtrate of A. corymbifera. Activiy of ∆12 desaturase was confirmed by increasing of linoleic acid in CPO incubated with culture filtrate and biomass extract, while activity of ∆6 was detected by its conversion as much as 66.48 % linoleic acid into gamma linolenic acid (GLA) that having high economic value. Precipitation of culture filtrate and lipid extraction of biomass were unable to stabilize desaturases. Desaturase degradation rate could be inhibited by isolation and washing of microsome fraction using high salt buffer. This method could stabilize desaturases 70-80% from initial activity at storage temperature 25o C and 50 o C for 6 hours. RingkasanDesaturase merupakan enzim yang berperan dalam proses desaturasi rantai karbon asam lemak menjadi asam lemak tak jenuh yang banyak manfaatnya bagi kesehatan. Desaturase dapat dihasilkan dari Absidia corymbifera dan diamplifikasikan untuk peningkatan ketidakjenuhan dan kualitas minyak sawit mentah (CPO). Enzim desaturase dikenal sangat tidak stabil. Penelitian bertujuan menetapkan sumber karbon dan waktu kultur yang memberikan aktivitas desaturase tertinggi, komposisi asam lemak hasil konversi desaturase dan cara menstabilkan desaturase dari A. corymbifera. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desaturase dari A. corymbifera merupakan enzim intraselular yang mencapai aktivitas tertinggi pada medium Serrano-Careon dengan sumber karbon campuran sukrosa dan parafin (0,14 U/mL) dan sumber karbon molases (0,11 U/mL) masingmasing pada inkubasi selama 76 dan 120 jam. Aktivitas ∆6 dan ∆12 desaturase terdeteksi pada cairan fermentasi A. corymbifera. Aktivitas ∆12 desaturase terdeteksi dari peningkatan persentase asam linoleat pada CPO yang telah diinkubasi dengan cairan fermentasi atau ekstrak biomassa, sedangkan aktivitas ∆6 desaturase terdeteksi dari dikonversinya sebesar 66,48% asam linoleat menjadi asam gamma linolenat (GLA) yang memiliki potensi nilai ekonomis lebih tinggi. Pengendapan filtrat kultur fermentasi dan ekstraksi lipida biomassa tidak mampu menstabilkan desaturase. Laju degradasi desaturase dapat dihambat dengan cara isolasi dan pencucian fraksi mikrosom dengan bufer garam. Cara tersebut dapat mempertahankan aktivitas desaturase 70–80% pada penyimpanan suhu 25o C dan 50o C selama enam jam.
Continuously increasing of unsaturation level of crude palm oil using fermentation broth of Absidia corymbifera Peningkatan ketidakjenuhan minyak sawit kasar secara kontinyu menggunakan cairan fermentasi Absidia corymbifera . TRI-PANJI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 68 No. 1: 68(1), 2000
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v68i1.136

Abstract

Ringkasan Absidia corymbifera merupakan fungi peng­hasil asam lemak takjenuh majemuk yaitu asam linoleat dan asam y-linolenat. Produksi asam lemak jenis ini berkaitan dengan aktivitas enzim desaturase yang terdapat balk di dalam sel maupun di dalam cairan fermentasi (di luar sel). Enzim ini berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan dalam biokonversi enzimatik guna meningkatkan ketidak­jenuhan minyak sawit kasar (CPO). Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan ketidakjenuhan minyak sawit kasar melalui biokonversi enzimatis secara kontinyu menggunakan cairan fermentasi Absidia corymbifera Pertama, fungi ini dikulturkan dalam media cair mengandung CPO dengan suplemen garam tertentu menggunakan bioreaktor film per­mukaan. Setelah inkubasi, biomassa fungi disaring dan sisa CPO dipisahkan. Cairan fermentasi diisi­kan ke dalam kolom gelas dan CPO dipompakan dari bagian bawah kolom menggunakan pompa peristaltik Analisis komposisi asam lemak dilaku­kan terhadap CPO sebelum dan setelah bio­konversi serta terhadap lipid biomassa. Karakter­isasi lipid dilakukan terhadap CPO sebelum dan setelah biokonversi, meliputi angka asam, angka iod, dan angka penyabunan. Hasil penelitian me­nunjukkan bahwa cairan fermentasi A. corym­bifera mampu meningkatkan ketidakjenuhan CPO dan kandungan asam lemak talfenuh majemuk Peningkatan ketidakjenuhan berkurang selama proses biokonversi kontinyu yang diduga disebab­kan menurunnya aktivitas enzim desaturase. Angka asam dan angka penyabunan tidak me­ningkat secara nyata yang menunjukkan bahwa pada proses tersebut tidak terjadi pemecahan gliserida dari CPO.Summary Absidia corymbifera is a fungus producing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), namely linoleic and y-linolenic acids. Production of these kind of fatty acids is related to the acitivity of desaturase enzyme existing both inside and outside cell (in fermentation broth). This enzyme is potential to be used in enzymatic bioconversion for increasing unsaturation level of crude palm oil (CPO). The objective of this research was to increase unsaturation level of CPO through con­tinuous enzymatic bioconversion using fermen­tation broth of A. corymbifera. This fungus was firstly cultured on a media containing CPO supplemented with certain salts using surface film bioreactor. After incubation, fungal biomass was filtered and residual CPO was then separated. Fermentation broth was filled to a glass column and CPO was pumped from the bottom side of the column using a peristaltic pump. Analysis of fatty acid composition was carried out on CPO before and after bioconversion as well as to lipid biomass. Lipid characterization was carried out for CPO before and after bioconversion, including acid, iodine and saponification numbers. The results showed that fermentation broth of A. corymbifera was capable of increasing unsaturation level CPO and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Desaturation process decreased during bioconversion which was possibly caused by the decrease of activity of desaturase enzyme. Acid and saponification numbers did not increase significantly, indicated that hydrolysis glyceride of CPO did not occur.
Bioactivation of phosphate rocks by indigenous phosphate-solubilizing fungi Bioaktivasi fosfat alam oleh fungi pelarut fosfat setempat H WIDIASTUTI; Didiek H GOENADI; . TRI-PANJI; L P SANTI; P FATURACHIM; N MARDIANA; I HARIANTO; . ISROI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 68 No. 1: 68(1), 2000
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v68i1.137

Abstract

Ringkasan Efektivitas fungi pelarut fosfat (FPF) dalam meningkatkan kelarutan fosfor (P) fosfat alam (FA) sangat dipengaruhi oleh kesesuaian isolat fungi dengan mineralogi batuan fosfat. Satu seri percobaan laboratorium telah dilakukan untuk menetapkan potensi supernatan kultur cair (SKC) dari FPF asal tanah dan batuan tambang FA eks­Cileungsi dan Madura untuk meningkatkan kelarutan FA eks-Cileungsi (FAQ dan eks­Madura (FAM) dalam pembuatan superfosfat yang diaktivasi secara biologi (SPab). Kegiatan penelitian meliputi: (1) seleksi pelarutan P-FPF dalam medium Pikovskaya, (2) pengujian kemampuan pelarutan P-FAC, P-FAM, P-Ca3 (PO4)z, dan P AIP04 isolat-isolat terseleksi, dan (3) optimasi pembuatan SPab dengan isolat ter­pilih. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua ulangan. Dari hasil isolasi diperoleh 50 isolat FPF, 17 isolat di antaranya berpotensi dalam melarutkan fosfat yang ditandai pembentukan zona bening yang intensif di sekitar koloni. Dari ketujuh belas isolat tersebut sepuluh isolat berasal dari Lulut (Cileungsi), dan tujuh isolat lainnya berasal dari Madura (masing-masing dua isolat dari Socah dan Aengnyior serta tiga isolat dari Korbe). Berdasarkan kemampuan melarutkan P dari FAC, FAM, Ca3(PO4)2, dan AIP04 diperoleh masing-masing tiga isolat dari Cileungsi dan Madura. Dari keenam isolat tersebut empat isolat di antaranya tergolong Penicillium sp. dan dua isolat lainnya termasuk Aspergillus sp. Di antara keenam isolat tersebut isolat Korbe 0909 memiliki kemampuan iertinggi dalam melarutkan P dari semua sumber P. Kandungan P-FAC lebih tinggi daripada FAM dan mendekati FA eks Maroko. SKC dapat menggantikan fungsi H2SO4 (98%) dalam melarutkan P-FA. SPab Cileungsi mengan­dung P nyata lebih tinggi daripada FAC yang diaktivasi secara konvensional, namun pada SPab Madura kandungan P larut air nyata lebih rendah, sedangkan P larut asam sitrat 2% dan perklorat sebanding dengan FAM yang diaktivasi secara konvensional. Aktivasi FA oleh SKC dapat menurunkan konsentrasi asam fosfat (H3PO4) dari 52% menjadi 42%. Kelarutah P (asam sitrat 2% dan air) dan kandungan sulfur-SPab Cileungsi dan Madura nyata lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan SP36.Summary The effectiveness of phosphate-solubilizing fungi (PSF) in enhancing phosphorus (P) solubility of phosphate rocks (PR) is assumed to be depen­dent on the suitability of the fungal isolate to the mineralogycal composition of the rocks. A laboratory study was conducted to determine the phosphate solubilizing ability of liquid culture supernatants (LCS) of PSF isolated from various PR deposits and adjacent soils, i.e. at Cileungsi in West Java and the island of Madura in East Java to enhance the reactivity of PR from deposits at Cileungsi (CPR) and Madura (MPR) and their potential use as agents in the production of bio­logically-activated superphosphate (SPab). Three series of laboratory experiments were conducted: (1) screening isolate on the solubilization of P in Pikovskaya medium; (2) assaying the ability of selected isolates on solubilization of P-CPR, P­MPR, P-Ca3(P04)2 and P-AIPO4, and (3) optimiz­ing superphosphate fertilizer formulation. Com­pletely random design was used as the exper­imental design with two replicates. Seventeen out of 50 PSF isolates were characterized to be highly potential as phosphate solubilizers, as indicated by clear zone formation. Ten isolates were from Lulut (Cileungsi) and seven from Madura island, two from Socah and Aengnyior respectively, and remaining three from Korbe. Regarding the ability of P solubilization of four P sources, six isolates were selected, three each from Cileungsi and Madura. Of these six isolates, four are Penicillium sp., and four belong to Aspergillus sp. The Asper­gillus sp. isolate Korbe 0909 was found to be the highest in P-solubilization of various sources of P. Based on the P dissolving ability of P-CPR and their effectiveness in substituting for sulphuric acid (98%) usually used in conventional produc­tion of superphosphate, the LCS of Korbe 0909 improved significantly the P-PRs dissolution. MPR activated by the LCS yielded a comparable values of 2% citric acid-soluble P content and significantly lower water-soluble P compared with conventional method: Reduction of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) concentration from 52% to 42%, in combination with LCS treatment, produced P dissolution comparable to the conventional meth­od. Although the P solubilization of CSPab and MsPab in both 2% citric acid and water as well as thus content were significantly lower compared with SP36.
Co-Authors . Gunawan . Gunawan . GUSNANIAR . ISROI . MUSLICH . SISWANTO A M Fauzi A W PAULUS Achmad Zainudin Ade Heri Mulyati Agustin Sri MULYATNI Asmini Budiani Chotimah Chotimah Ciptadi Achmad YUSUP Dadan Rohdiana Deden Dewantara ERIS Desi Purwaningsih Diana Widiastuti Didiek H GOENADI Dini Astika SARI Djoko Santoso Erliza Hambali Erna Puspasari Fauziatul FITRIYAH Firda DIMAWARNITA Firda DIMAWARNITA Firda DIMAWARNITA Firda DIMAWARNITA H WIDIASTUTI Hanny Hafiar HAPPY WIDIASTUTI Happy Widiastuti Hyakansa HANIF I HARIANTO I MADE ARTIKA I Made Artika I SUSANTI Iman Rusmana Irma KRESNAWATY K Syamsu Khaswar Syamsu Kuwat Triyana L P SANTI M Irfani ABDULLAH Maemonah, Maemonah MARIA BINTANG Marini Wijayanti Mira Miranti N MARDIANA Nining ARINI Nur Richana P FATURACHIM Priyono Priyono Riza A PUTRANTO Rizki KURNIAWATI Septiany C. Palilingan Shabri Shabri Shabri Shabri, Shabri Shinta PERMATASARI Siti Warnasih Suharyanto Suharyanto MULYOPRAWIRO SUHARYANTO SUHARYANTO Suharyanto Suharyanto Susi Saadah Susy SAADAH Susy Saadah Sutanto . Swastika PRAHARYAWAN Syeda ANDANAWARIH Tri Aminingsih Tri Eko WAHYONO Urip PERWITASAR Urip PERWITASARI Uswatun Hasanah Wita KIMBERLY Yora FARAMITA Yora FARAMITA Yora FARAMITHA Yulian Syahputri Yusianto Yusianto Yusianto Yusianto, Yusianto