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All Journal SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Jurnal Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik (Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Pharmacy) Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Biomedika Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology BERDIKARI : Jurnal Inovasi dan Penerapan Ipteks MAGNA MEDICA: Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Jurnal Medika Malahayati South East Asia Nursing Research Medica Arteriana (Med-Art) JURNAL INOVASI DAN PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Indonesian Journal of Dentistry Prosiding Seminar Nasional Unimus Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Journal of Community Empowerment
Maya Dian Rakhmawatie
Departement Of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Dentistry Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Effects of Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Garlic (Allium sativum) on the Growth of Escherichia coli Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase Ulya, Rohmatul; Arfiyanti, Mega Pandu; Rakhmawatie, Maya Dian
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.40822

Abstract

 Background: The prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESβL) Escherichia coli has increased by 0.91 – 2.31% per year and causes β-lactam antibiotics to be useless. Natural medicines such as garlic can be used to treat antibiotic resistance. It has been reported that garlic ethanol extract can inhibit the growth of Metallo-β-lactamase E. coli, but there have been no reports of garlic ethyl acetate extract activity against resistant bacteria. Objective: This study aims to prove the effect of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of garlic in inhibiting the growth of ESβL E. coli. Methods: The ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of garlic were prepared in concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100% w/v, and were tested on ESβL E. coli using the disc diffusion assay. This study used a post-test-only control group design with meropenem as the positive control. The effectiveness of both garlic extracts was assessed from the inhibition zones formed around the discs. Phytochemical tests were carried out to see the compound content of garlic extract. Results: All concentrations of garlic ethanol extract were not significantly different in inhibiting ESβL E. coli growth (with inhibition zone diameter 2.82 - 3.30 mm). However, for the ethyl acetate extract, the higher the concentration the higher the activity of the extract in inhibiting ESβL E. coli (p-value <0.05). The best inhibition zone of ethyl acetate extract was 4.18 mm at a concentration of 100%. Meropenem as a positive control produced a 17 mm inhibition zone. The ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of garlic had no difference in the active compound content, both contain tannins, saponins, and essential oils. Conclusion: The ethanol and ethyl acetate extract of garlic had weak potential to inhibit ESβL E. coli growth when compared to meropenem as a control drug.
Evaluasi Peresepan Obat Pasien Skizofrenia Lanjut Usia Di Unit Rawat Inap RSUD dr. R. Soedjati Soemodiardjo Purwodadi Indonesia Dendiana, M Belraka Khazhadhia’ Kun; Nasrullah, Bintang Tatius; Rakhmawatie, Maya Dian
Jurnal Medika Malahayati Vol 8, No 3 (2024): Volume 8 Nomor 3
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jmm.v8i3.14531

Abstract

Skizofrenia merupakan gangguan kejiwaan yang sering terjadi pada lansia, yang menimbulkan tantangan kompleks dalam farmakoterapi akibat penurunan fungsi fisiologis seiring bertambahnya usia, prevalensi penyakit penyerta, dan peningkatan kerentanan terhadap reaksi obat yang tidak diharapkan. Penelitian ini mengkaji pola pemberian resep pada pasien rawat inap lansia yang didiagnosis skizofrenia di RSUD Dr. R. Soedjati Soemodiardjo Purwodadi. Dengan menggunakan purposive sampling, data rekam medis pasien skizofrenia lansia yang dirawat inap antara Januari dan Desember 2022 diperoleh, sehingga diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 41 orang. Analisis cross-sectional dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian penggunaan obat psikotropika berdasarkan Kriteria Beers 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pasien berjenis kelamin perempuan (56,1%), berada dalam kategori usia pra-lansia (< 60 tahun), dan menerima polifarmasi (79,0%). Haloperidol 5 mg muncul sebagai antipsikotik tipikal yang paling sering diresepkan (18,97%), sementara risperidone 2 mg merupakan antipsikotik atipikal yang paling sering diberikan (17,24%). Agen psikotropika tambahan, termasuk antidepresan, penstabil suasana hati, dan benzodiazepin, digunakan dalam mengelola gejala skizofrenia. Yang penting, semua resep antipsikotik sesuai dengan Kriteria Beers 2019. Namun, potensi interaksi obat teridentifikasi pada 21,96% pasien. Meskipun penggunaan obat antipsikotik pada populasi ini umumnya sejalan dengan pedoman yang ditetapkan, potensi interaksi obat menggarisbawahi perlunya pemantauan yang cermat untuk mengurangi risiko dan meningkatkan keselamatan pasien.
Edukasi Penggunaan Obat Herbal Untuk Penyakit Hiperkolesterolemia Pada Lanjut Usia Di Rumah Pelayanan Sosial Pucang Gading Semarang Rakhmawatie, Maya Dian; Rohmani, Afiana; Purnamasari, Rina; Diatri, Devita
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Unimus Vol 7 (2024): Transformasi Teknologi Menuju Indonesia Sehat dan Pencapaian Sustainable Development G
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

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Abstract

Hiperkolesterolemia adalah salah satu penyakit yang banyak diderita lanjut usia (lansia). Selain penggunaanterapi farmakologi statin, hiperkolesterolemia dapat diterapi dengan obat herbal bahan alam dari tanamanseperti protein kedelai, bawang, dan jahe. Untuk mencapai efek terapi yang maksimal dari penggunaan obatherbal bahan alam, pemberian edukasi diperlukan terutama informasi mengenai jenis bahan alam yangdapat digunakan, dosis, serta informasi efek samping yang mungkin dapat ditimbulkan. Kegiatanpengabdian masyarakat ini melakukan pemberian edukasi mengenai penggunaan obat herbal bahan alamsebagai terapi tambahan untuk hiperkolesterolemia. Sasaran edukasi adalah para lansia dan perawat lansiadi Rumah Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Pucang Gading Semarang. Edukasi dilaksanakan setelah para lansiamendapatkan hasil pemeriksaan kadar kolesterol. Para lansia yang mempunyai kadar kolesterol tinggi (>240 mg/dL) atau ambang batas tinggi (200 – 239 mg/dL) diberikan edukasi berupa konsultasi tatap mukamengenai diet makanan yang rendah kolesterol dan obat herbal bahan alam yang dapat digunakan untuktambahan terapi obat dari dokter. Pada saat kegiatan edukasi, para lansia diminta untuk menceritakan polamakan keseharian dan obat yang telah dikonsumsi. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan edukasi dilakukan secarakualitatif dengan memberikan pertanyaan ulangan untuk memastikan pemahaman para lansia mengenaipenggunaan obat herbal bahan alam. Edukasi juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan poster untuk paraperawat lansia di Rumah Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Pucang Gading Semarang. Poster edukasi dipasangdi ruang yang dapat dijangkau oleh para perawat lansia untuk meningkatkan informasi penggunaan obatherbal bahan alam antihiperkolesterolemia yang aman untuk lansia. Secara umum, para lansia yang masihdapat berkomunikasi dengan baik dapat memahami materi edukasi. Kata Kunci: bawang, jahe, kedelai, obat tradisional, poster edukasi kolesterol
Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana) Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah pada Tikus Wistar yang Diinduksi Aloksan Putri, Zata Amani Fahdina; Rakhmawatie, Maya Dian; Tursinawati, Yanuarita
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Unimus Vol 7 (2024): Transformasi Teknologi Menuju Indonesia Sehat dan Pencapaian Sustainable Development G
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

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Abstract

Pendahuluan: DM merupakan penyakit metabolik gangguan sistem endokrin yang bermanifestasihilangnya penyerapan karbohidrat. Beberapa penderita DM melakukan pengobatan tradisional salahsatunya daun Bidara. Daun Bidara memiliki flavonoid yang dijadikan sebagai salah satu metode pengobatanalternatif untuk mengendalikan kadar gula darah penderita DM. Flavonoid bekerja dengan cara hambatkerja enzim alfa-glukosidase sehingga kadar gula yang akan terserap oleh usus berkurang dan menurunkankadar gula darah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui efektivitas dari ekstrak daun Bidara terhadap kadargula darah tikus Wistar yang telah diinduksi aloksan.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah penelitian eksperimental metode true experimental dengan prepostcontrol group design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan panduan WHO terkait penggunaanhewan uji coba minimal 5 ekor tiap kelompok . Didapatkan 15 ekor tikus jantan galur Wistar sebagai sampelpenelitian, terbagi menjadi kelompok induksi aloksan dan ekstrak daun bidara 60 mg/200gbb (P1),kelompok metformin 9 mg/200gbb (P3), dan kelompok kombinasi (P3). Perbedaan kadar gula darahsebelum dan setelah perlakuan pada setiap kelompok diuji menggunakan jenis uji paired t-test.Hasil: Hasil uji analisis didapatkan bahwa waktu induksi aloksan optimal pada hari ke-3 penginduksiandan ekstrak daun bidara, metformin, serta kombinasi ekstrak daun bidara dan metformin memiliki efekdalam menurunkan kadar gula darah pada tikus yang telah diinduksi aloksan 20 mg/200gbb secarasignifikan pada hari ke-4 intervensi (p=0,035) dengan kelompok P3 yang paling signifikan (p=0,002).Kesimpulan: Ekstrak daun bidara dengan dosisi 60 mg/200 gbb memiliki efek penurunan kadar gula darahsecara signifikan pada tikus yang diinduksi aloksan dihari ke-4 intervensi. Kata Kunci : Ekstrak daun bidara, Metformin, Diabetes melitus, Aloksan, Kadar gula darah.
Antimicrobial ointment based on Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9 isolated from Sea Cucumber of Kodek Bay Lombok Indonesia Rakhmawatie, Maya Dian; Diatri, Devita; Samiroh, Samiroh; Abdillah, Rifqi; Arfiyanti, Mega Pandu; Ethica, Stalis Norma; Zilda, Dewi Seswita
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 20, No 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.925

Abstract

The ethyl acetate extract of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9, a bacteria isolated from intestinal fermentation of sea cucumbers (Holothuria scabra) is known to have antimicrobial properties. This research aimed to determine the activity of HSFI-9 extract ointment against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Extract ointment is a topical preparation for skin infections made from a mixture of Vaseline Alba and Adeps lanae bases. The extract ointment was prepared into four concentrations of 0.003%, 0.03%, 0.3%, and 1% w/v using HSFI-9 as active ingredient.  Antimicrobial assay was carried out in vitro using the disc diffusion method. The extract ointment was evaluated based on organoleptic, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion characteristics, and pH tests. The optimal concentration of the extract ointment to inhibit the growth of S. aureus  0.3% (inhibition zone of 11.67±1.26 mm) and against C. albicans is 0.03% (inhibition zone of 10.16±1.50 mm). The activity of the extract ointment was categorized as strong although not as strong as the antibiotic control ointment Mupirocin 2% or Ketoconazole 2%. The extract ointment organoleptic indicated a characteristic odor of ethyl acetate, was yellowish-white ointment, and had a homogeneous and smooth consistency. The extract ointment also had properties such as good spreadability but poor adhesion and tended to have an acidic pH ( 4.5). The HSFI-9 extract can be declared feasible for the development of topical antimicrobials. The ointment still needs to be optimized, especially regarding improving the adhesion characteristic and pH to be safe for the skin and mucosa.
Blood Pressure and Cholesterol Screening as a Preventive Measure for Degenerative Diseases in the Elderly Diatri, Devita; Joharlina, Lourensya Berta; Kurniawan, Dwi Agus; Rakhmawatie, Maya Dian; Zulizar, Alif Adlan
Journal of Community Empowerment Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Community Empowerment
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jce.v5i1.29646

Abstract

The elderly are one of the highest risk groups for developing degenerative diseases such as hypertension and dyslipidemia. This community service is held to promote the early detection of older adults at risk of degenerative diseases and improve knowledge of healthy lifestyles. The activity was held on June 18, 2025, in Wreda Harapan Ibu Semarang Nursing Home, Semarang, Indonesia. A total of 19 older women aged 60 to 90 years were screened for their blood pressure and total cholesterol levels. Study participants were diagnosed with hypertension in 84.2% and with high cholesterol in 63.2% of cases as a result of the examination. Post-examination, participants were provided health education emphasizing the need to control blood pressure and cholesterol through the consumption of healthy diets, light physical activities, and drug adherence. This study has shown the efficacy of combining health checks and education as a promotive and preventive strategy for degenerative diseases in the institutionalized elderly. Early discovery is beneficial for early prevention, and health education plays an important role in helping the elderly remain conscious and independent, thereby maintaining good health. This trend is in line with the paradigm of prevention-oriented healthcare services, promoting and protecting health rather than waiting for illness. The findings from the activity also underscore the need for continuation and sustainability of such programs, given the high prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia. Arguably, the disease burden is likely to be greater if not managed in an organized manner.
Edukasi Pengetahuan Infeksi Jamur Superfisial dan Potensi Penggunaan Tanaman Obat sebagai Terapi Antijamur Ratnaningrum, Kanti; Rakhmawatie, Maya Dian; Marfu’ati, Nanik
JURNAL INOVASI DAN PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 2 No 1 (2023): Januari
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26714/jipmi.v2i1.69

Abstract

Latar belakang: Infeksi jamur superfisial masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Indonesia merupakan daerah tropis dengan tingkat kelembaban tinggi. Hal ini merupakan kondisi yang baik untuk pertumbuhan jamur. Sebagian penderita infeksi jamur superfisialis masih memilih menggunakan obat yang dijual bebas tanpa resep dokter. Penggunaan obat tanpa resep dokter meningkatkan potensi resistensi obat. Indonesia memiliki variasi tumbuhan yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengobatan termasuk sebagai antijamur. Tujuan: Meningkatkan pengetahuan infeksi jamur superfisialis dan potensi tanaman obat yang digunakan sebagai terapi antijamur. Metode: Edukasi berbentuk kegiatan edukasi dengan materi infeksi jamur superfisial dan potensi penggunaan tanaman obat sebagai terapi antijamur. Kegiatan dilakukan di laboratorium Biomedik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang menggunakan media power point. Evaluasi dilakukan menggunakan analisis kuantitatif hasil pre-test dan post-test. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan signifikan pengetahuan peserta edukasi dengan rerata 24,6 poin (p=0,005). Kesimpulan: Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan perihal infeksi jamur superfisial dan potensi penggunaan tanaman obat sebagai terapi antijamur. Kata Kunci: antijamur, dermatofitosis, infeksi jamur, tanaman obat ________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract Background: Superficial fungal infection is still a health problem in Indonesia. Indonesia is a tropical area with high humidity levels. These are favorable conditions for fungal growth. Some people with superficial fungal infections still choose to use over-the-counter drugs without a doctor's prescription. The use of drugs without a doctor's prescription increases the potential for drug resistance. Indonesia has a variety of plants that can be used as traditional drugs, including antifungals. Objective: Increase knowledge of superficial fungal infections and the potency of medicinal plants used as antifungal therapy. Method: This activity is outreach with material on superficial fungal infections and the potential use of medicinal plants as antifungal therapy. The activity was carried out in the Biomedical Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang using PowerPoint media. Result: There is a significant increase in the knowledge of participants, with an average increase of 24.6 points (p-value 0,005). Conclusion: There is an increase in knowledge about superficial fungal infections and the potential use of medicinal plants as antifungal therapy.   Keywords: antifungal, dermatophytosis, fungal infection, medicinal plant
Effect of essential oil of black cumin (Nigella sativa) on hematological profiles and total cholesterol levels of Wistar rats exposed by cigarette smoke Rakhmawatie, Maya Dian; Muhammad Adzanta Al Afghani; Nurkomariah Zulhijjah; Andra Novitasari; Arief Tajally Adhiatma
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 1 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.495

Abstract

Cigarette smoke contains toxic substances such as carbon monoxide, lead, cadmium, tar and hydrogen cyanide which can triggeroxidative stress and causeerythrocyte membrane damage and hemoglobin oxidation. In addition, it also contains nicotine which can increase the total cholesterol levels. Black cumin containing thymoquinone has been known for its antioxidant and anticholesterol activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of black cumin extract on hematological profiles and total cholesterol levels of Wistar rats exposed by cigarette smoke. It was an experimental study with randomized posttest only control group design. Twenty Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) that divided into four groups were used in this study.The normal control group (N) was provided with standard feed,the negative control group (C) was exposed to the cigarette smoke with two pieces of cigarettes/day for 14 days, the treated groups were given black cumin extract 200mg/kg (T1) and 400mg/kg (T2) and exposed by cigarette smoke two pieces of cigarettes/day for 14 days. On day 15, blood samples from the rats were taken through the sinus orbitalis and then the erythrocyte, the hemoglobin and the total cholesterol levels were examined. Data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test and continued by the post-hoc test. The results showed the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin levels of the T2 group was significantly higher than those of the C group (p<0.05). Although, total cholesterol levels of the T2 group was lower than that of other groups, however it was not significantly different (p>0.05). In conclusion, the administration of black cumin extract at 400mg/kg significantly increases the erythrocytes numbers and the hemoglobin levels in Wistar rats exposed by cigarette smoke.
Co-Authors - Gilang - Rihadini Abdillah, Rifqi Adisty Yasmin, Kamila Zalfa Adnan, Malik Hisyam Afiana Rohmani Aida Zakiyatul Fikriyah Andra Novitasari Andra Novitasari Arfiyanti, Mega Pandu Arief Tajally Adhiatma Arief Tajally Adhiatma Bintang Tatius Darmono SS Dendiana, M Belraka Khazhadhia’ Kun Dewi Seswita Zilda Diatri, Devita Dyah Kurnia Fitri Erwin Kukuh Widhianto Eti Nurwening Sholikhah Fariz Wafaul Ahyar, Fariz Wafaul Febrina Dwi Haryani Fiska Rahmawati Harsoyo Notoatmodjo Ika Dyah Kurniati Joharlina, Lourensya Berta Kanti Ratnaningrum Kurniawan, Dwi Agus Marfu’ati, Nanik Merry Tiyas Anggraini Muhammad Adzanta Al Afghani Muhammad Adzanta Al Afghani Mustofa Mustofa Nanik Marfu&#039;ati Nanik Marfuati Nur Rakhma Akmalia Nurkomariah Zulhijjah Nurkomariah Zulhijjah Nusantara, Muhammad Vegisa Purnamasari, Rina Putri, Jasmin Athaya Hayuning Putri, Zata Amani Fahdina Ransidelenta Vistaprila Elmarda Ratna Sulistyorini, Ratna Retno Indrastiti Samiroh Samiroh, Samiroh Stalis Norma Ethica Tefia Riswanda Lumban Gaol Ulya, Rohmatul Yanuarita Tursinawati, Yanuarita Zulizar, Alif Adlan