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EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SAMBILOTO (ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA) MENURUNKAN HAI (HISTOLOGY ACTIVITY INDEKS)-KNODELL SCORE PADA HEPAR MENCIT (MUS MUSCULUS) JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI CCL4 Gede Gunawan Mahardika; Ni Wayan Sucindra Dewi; IGM. Aman
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 9 No 5 (2020): Vol 9 No 05(2020): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2020.V09.i5.P16

Abstract

ABSTRACT Hepatitis is all types of inflammation in hepatocytes (liver cells), which caused by: infections (viruses, bacteria, and parasites), drugs, alcohol consumption, toxic substances and autoimmune diseases. Carbon tetrachloride can induce hepatitis. Sambiloto leaves (Andrographis paniculata) contains of flavonoids and andrographolide which have the potential as antioxidants. The aims of this study is to determine the hepatoprotective effect of Sambiloto leaves extract on mice liver that induced by tetrachloride carbon of toxic dose and evaluate using Knodell Score. The design of this study is a post-test only group control on 28 sample of male mice (Mus musculus) which divided into 4 groups; P1 given tetrachloride carbon (0.5,l/kgBB), P2 group was given Sambiloto leaves extract (50mg/kgBB/day), P3(100mg/kgBB/day) and P4 (200mg/kgBB/day). Extract was given during seven days and eight hour after last administration, all mice was given CCl4 toxic dose. On the eight day, the mice was terminated and examine the liver histopathological. Data analysed using One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD. Significant score difference was found between the groups than only given tetrachloride carbon toxic dose and the group that given the extract. The optimal dose is 200mg/kgBB/day. There was an improvement effect of liver histopathology score by giving sambiloto leaves extract to mice that induced by tetrachloride carbon toxic dose. More advanced research is needed to determine the effective dose and toxic effects of giving sambiloto leaf extract. Keywords: Ethanol Extract of Sambiloto Leaf, HAI (Histology Activity Indeks)-Knodell Score, Hepatoprotectif, Mice (Mus musculus), Tetrachloride Carbon
SIKAP, PENGETAHUAN DAN PRAKTIK SELF-MEDICATION PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN DOKTER FAKULTAS https://ojs.unud.ac.id KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA Arina Papita Simanungkalit; I Gusti Made Aman; I Gusti Ayu Artini
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 8 No 11 (2019): Vol 8 No 11 (2019): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (193.557 KB)

Abstract

Mahasiswa kedokteran berpotensi untuk melakukan self-medication secara tidak bertanggung jawab yaitu tidak sesuai dosis dan indikasi obat yang digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihatsikap, pengetahuan, dan praktik self-medication pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan DokterFakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Program StudiPendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana angkatan 2014 yang telah menyelesaikankuliah preklinik. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah cross sectional deskriptif yang dilakukan melaluiobservasi. Subjek dipilih menggunakan metode sampling simple random sampling. Penelitianmenggunakan kuesioner untuk menilai sikap, pengetahuan dan praktik self-medication. Penelitian inidilakukan dari bulan Maret 2017 hingga Oktober 2017. Sebanyak 138 orang terpilih sebagai subjekpenelitian. Sebanyak 96 orang (69,56%) pernah melakukan self-medication dalam tiga bulan terakhir.Berdasarkan sikapnya, sebanyak 86 (62,32%) orang menyetujui self-medication sebagai salah satusolusi dalam mengobati gejala atau penyakit. Berdasarkan tingkat pengetahuan, 121 (87,68%) orangsubjek penelitian memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang tinggi. Dalam praktik self-medication, dari 96orang sebanyak 40 (41,67%) orang melakukan self-medication setidaknya 2-4 kali dalam tiga bulanterakhir. Keluhan utama sehingga melakukan self-medication adalah sakit kepala, sebanyak 59(61,46%) dari 96 orang. Sebanyak 68 orang (70,83%) beralasan melakukan self-medication dikarenakanpenyakit atau gejala yang diobati hanya ringan. Sebanyak 64 (66,67%) orang memilih analgesik sebagaiobat yang digunakan untuk self-medication dalam tiga bulan terakhir. Dari penelitian ini dapatdisimpulkan bahwa prevalensi self-medication pada mahasiswa relatif tinggi. Hal ini didukung olehtingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa yang relatif tinggi. Mahasiswa juga relatif sering melakukan selfmedication. Hasil penelitian ini koheren dengan penelitian-penelitian serupa yang dilakukansebelumnya. Kata Kunci: self-medication, responsible self-medication, sikap, pengetahuan, praktik
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 PENYEBAB INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL Putu Ayu Melati Widyasari; IGM Aman; Agung Nova Mahendra
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 10 No 6 (2021): Vol 10 No 06(2021): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2021.V10.i6.P14

Abstract

Infeksi nosokomial merupakan infeksi yang terjadi dikarenakan bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis yang menyerang persendian dan pembuluh darah serta timbulnya pembengkakan atau abses, infeksi terlokalisasi pada kulit, saluran kemih, dan organ ginjal. Terdapat penelitian mengenai bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis resisten terhadap antibiotika yaitu karbanesilin, sefuroksim, metronidazol dan sulfametoksazol/trimetasprim. Ekstrak biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) memiliki senyawa dengan efek antibakteri dan antioksidan yaitu kafein, asam klorogenat dan flavanoid. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk membuktikan biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) yang telah diekstrak dengan etanol dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri.Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental in vitro dengan desain penelitian true experimental post test only control group design. Sampel dikelompok menjadi 5, yakni kelompok kontrol positif, kontrol negatif serta kelompok perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 10%, 50%, dan 100%. Dari penelitian diketahui bahwa ekstrak etanol dari biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 pada konsentrasi 50% dan 100% dengan rerata diameter zona hambat 6,8 mm sampai 9 mm. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dari biji kopi robusta menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri ini namun daya hambatnya lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol positif. Kata Kunci: Kopi Robusta, infeksi nosokomial, Staphylococcus epidermidis
TINGKAT KEBERHASILAN NIFEDIPIN SEBAGAI TOKOLITIK PADA PASIEN PARTUS PREMATURUS IMMINENS DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT SANGLAH DENPASAR I Putu Eka Kusuma Yasa; I Gusti Made Aman; Bagus Komang Satriyasa
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 8 No 5 (2019): Vol 8 No 5 (2019): Vol 8 No 5 (2019): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (462.895 KB)

Abstract

Tenaga medis melakukan usaha preventif Preterm Labor selama pasien masih didiagnosis Ancaman Persalinan Prematur (Partus Prematurus Imminens), salah satunyayaitu pemberian nifedipin sebagai agen tokolitik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untukmengetahui tingkat keberhasilan terapi nifedipin sebagai tokolitik pada pasien PartusPrematurus Imminens di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2014-2016.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif cross-sectional. Penelitiandilakukan di Intalasi Rawat Inap Cempaka Obstetri RSUP Sanglah Denpasar.Keseluruhan proses penelitian membutuhkan waktu selama 5 bulan. Populasi terjangkaudalam penelitian ini adalah pasien terdiagnosis Partus Prematurus Imminens yangmenjalani rawat inap dan memperoleh terapi nifedipin di Intalasi Rawat Inap RSUPSanglah Denpasar selama periode Januari 2014 – Desember 2016. Dapat disimpulkanbahwa tingkat keberhasilan nifedipin dalam mencegah terjadinya Preterm Labor selama 2x 24 jam yaitu sebesar 47,05%. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan mampu dimanfaatkansebagai data suplemen dalam membuat kebijakan.Kata kunci: Nifedipin, tokolitik, Partus Prematurus Imminens
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF ROSEMARY LEAF (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) AGAINST Candida albicans Dewa Ayu Made Adnya Swari; I Wayan Martadi Santika; I Gusti Made Aman
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol 2 No 1 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application
Publisher : Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (599.817 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i01.p05

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Background: This study was a preliminary study aimed to investigating the in vitro activity of rosmarinic acid contained on Rosemary leaves (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) on the Candida albicans. Rosmarinic acid can be an inhibitor of the RTPase enzyme in the fungus Candida albicans. Objective: This study is expected to provide information in the development of science about the antifungal activity of ethanol extract of Rosemary leave (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) againsts C.albicans. The recent research was an laboratory experimental. Experiments on an ethanol extract of Rosemary leaves (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) and post-test design of the control group. Methods: The extraction method used in this study was a multilevel extraction method. The antifungal activity testing method uses discs and MIC methods. Replication was done six times at two concentration namely, 80% (b/v) and 100% for each measurement. Results: The data analysis was carried out using SPSS with 95% of confidence level with the Kruskal Wallis analysis then completed with the Mann Whitney U test. The results of the MIC experiment showed all the various concentrations of ethanol extract performed Candida albicans growth on the surface of the media. Extract with 80% (b/v) concentration showed greater antifungal activity. Furthermore the MIC was shown by 80% (b/v) concentration of the ethanol extract of Rosemary leaves against Candida albicans. The test results of the antifungal activity of the Rosemary leaf ethanol extract showed the presence of inhibitory diameter in the ethanol extract of the Rosemary leaf concentration of 80% (b/v) with a mean ± SD of 10.6 ± 0.57735 and RSD of 5.774%. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) has an inhibitory effect on the fungus Candida albicans at a concentration of 80% (b / v) Keywords: Antifungal activity, Candida albicans, Rosemary, RTPase, ethanol extract
ACETOSAL, BUAH MENGKUDU (MORINDA CITRIFOLIA L.) DAN WAKTU PERDARAHAN I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa; Ketut Widyani Astuti; I Gusti Made Aman
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1007

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Research regardless the effect of noni fruit for increasing bleeding time have already been carried out widely. The similar activity ofnoni fruit extract and acetosal can be concerned that the fruit extract has a potential activity for prolonged bleeding time. This study aimsto know the present of prolonged of bleeding time as a results of intake of combination of noni fruit extract with acetosal on mice. Thisresearch was carried out at Unit Binatang Percobaan, Departemen Farmakologi Universitas Udayana. This is an experimental study withpre and post-test control group design. Subject was compromised of 3 groups of mice and each group contain of 7 mice. The first groupwas treated with a dose of 40 mg/kg bw acetosal, the second group treated with a dose of 100 mg/kg bw ethanol noni fruit extract, andthe third group treated with combination of 40 mg/kg bw acetosal and 100 mg/kg bw ethanol extract of noni fruit. All groups werefed once per day for a week. Bleeding time was determined on the basis of tail bleeding method. This study results that the first groupexperience bleeding time increased from 61.42±9.43 second to 160.71±19.77 second. Increase bleeding time of the second group is from59.14±7.12 to 138.14±59.91 second. For the third group, the bleeding time increases from 65.00±7.91 to 213.00±20.92 second.One Way ANOVA analysis indicates that there is a significant different among these three groups after treatment p = 0.006 (p<0.05).Bleeding time of the third group which was treated with combination of noni fruit and acetosal results in the highest increase compareto the other two groups. In conclusions, combination of noni fruit and acetosal treatment results in increase of bleeding time on mice.
Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves extract gel improved wound healing by increasing fibroblasts, neovascularization and in male Wistar rats Citra Anissa Ayu; I Wayan Weta; I Gusti Made Aman
IJAAM (Indonesian Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine) Vol 4 No 1 (2020): Indonesian Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36675/ijaam.v4i1.51

Abstract

Background: Wound healing can be accelerated by the supplementation of naturalcompound especially flavonoids and tannins. These compounds is known to be abundant in several plant species such as moringa (Moringa oleifera). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of moringa leaves extract gel toward wound healing rate in in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This research was a true experimental study using randomized post-test only control group design. Subjects were 28 rats (Rattus norvegicus), males, 5-6 months old, weighing 200-250 gram, which were divided into four groups (n= 7 rats) randomly. The first group was treated with placebo for 4 days (P0(4)), the second group was treated with moringa leaves extract gel for 4 days (P1(4)), the third group was treated with placebo for 11 days (P0(11)), and the fourth group was treated with moringa leaves extract gel for 11 days (P1(11)), and the last of intervention carried out measurements of fibroblast cell , neovascularization and epithelialization. Results: Administration of moringa leaves extract gel significantly increased the fibroblast density, neovascularization, and epithelial thickness. However, despite increased density of fibroblast and neovascularization at day 4, they significantly dropped at the second measurement (day 11). On the other hand, epithelial thickness was consistently improved overtime compared to control. Conclusion: The Moringa oleifera leaves extract gel improved wound healing by speeding healing process and epithelialization in male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).
The Administration of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) Extract Reduced Weight and Abdominal Visceral Fat in Obese Male Wistar Strain Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) With Moderate Intensity Physical Exercise Dian Andrieany Husodo; Alex Pangkahila; IGM. Aman
IJAAM (Indonesian Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine) Vol 5 No 1 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36675/ijaam.v5i1.55

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity increases the risk of many degenerative disease. Abdominal fat is a sign that someone has great risk for metabolic syndrome. Moderate physical exercise is suggested to reduce weight and body fat percentage. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) extract can reduce weight by the lipolysis activity in visceral adipose tissue and supress the appetite. This research aimed to prove that administration of cinnamon extract reduced weight and abdominal visceral fat in obese male wistar strain ratswith moderate intensity physical exercise. Methods: This research was a true experimental with post-test only control group design. The subjects were 36 male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus), Wistar strain, healthy, 4-5 months age, and obese (body weight of > 250 g), which divided into two groups (n= 18). The positive control group (P1) was treated with placebo (2 ml aquadest), standard food, and moderate physical exercise. The experimental group (P2) was treated with 1000 mg/kg BW/day cinnamon extract standard food, and moderate physical exercise. After 2 weeks of treatment, body weight and abdominal visceral fat mass were measured. Results: The average body weight of the P2 group was significantly lower than the P1 group (271.9±5.48 and 284.7±5.05 g respectively, p<0.001). The median abdominal visceral fat mass in the P1 group was 9.0 g, whereas the P2 group was 7.9 g (p<0.001). The median remaining food in the P1 group was 3.43 g, whereas the P2 group was 10.07 g (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study indicated that administration of cinnamon extract reduced weight and abdominal visceral fat in obese male wistar strain ratswith moderate intensity physical exercise.
Administration of Etanol White Turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) Extracts Increased Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) And Decreased Malondialdehide (MDA) In Cigarette Smoke-Exposed Male Mice (Mus musculus) Strain Balb/C Yuliana Tjua; Ida Sri Iswari; I Gusti Made Aman
IJAAM (Indonesian Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine) Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Indonesian Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36675/ijaam.v4i2.92

Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoke is free radical which decrease superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Etanol white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) extract contains flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and antioxidant activity. This study aimed to prove white turmeric increased SOD and decreased MDA in cigarette smoke-exposed male mice (Mus musculus) strain Balb/c. Methods: This study used a randomized pre-test and post-test control group design. The subjects were 12 male mice and divided into two groups (n = 6). The control group was exposed to cigarette smoke 1 stick/day and given aquadest 1 ml as a placebo. The treatment group was exposed to cigarette smoke 1 stick/day and given white turmeric extract of 4 mg/20gram BW in one-hour cigarette smoke exposure. The blood was drawn through canthus medial sinus orbital to examine the level of SOD by ELISA and MDA level by TBARS method. Results: There was no significant differences in SOD levels (p = 0.930) and MDA levels (p= 0.984) between groups in pre-test. However, the mean SOD levels (p <0.001) and MDA levels (p<0.001) between groups were significant in post-test. In control group, there was no change in SOD (from 0.555±0.156 to 0.595±0.233 ng/mL; p = 0.650) and MDA (from 14.3±0.614 to 14.3±0.513 μM; p = 0.958). In contrast, the treatment group has increase SOD (from 0.565±0.273 to 2.28±0.110 ng/mL; p <0.001) and decrease MDA (from 14.3±0.931 to 5.78±1.06 μM; p <0.001). Conclusion: Administration of Etanol white turmeric extracts increased SOD and decreased MDA in cigarette smoke-exposed male mice strain Balb/c.
Oral administration of palm oil (elaeis) increases abdominal fat more than oral administration of coconut oil (cocos nucifera) in wistar male rats Cynthia Sofyanti Sugiharto; I Gusti Made Aman; Ida Sri Iswari
IJAAM (Indonesian Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine) Vol 2 No 1 (2018): Indonesian Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (175.382 KB)

Abstract

Introduction: Coconut oils contain many medium-chained fatty acids (MCFA) which are quickly oxidized to produce more energy than long-chained fatty acids (LCFA) in palm oil which is to be accumulated as body fat. The purpose of this study was to determine that oral administration of palm oil (Elaeis) in wistar male rats increased abdominal subcutaneous fat and visceral fat compared to coconut oil (Cocos nucifera). Methods: An experimental post-test only control group study was conducted using 30 male Wistar rats, 2.5-3 months old, with body weight 130-135 grams, which then treated with distilled water in [Control group (P0)], palm oil [Treatment group 1] (P1)] and coconut oil [Treatment group 2 (P2)] with a dose of 2x0.4 ml daily for 45 days. After treatment, the rat was dissected and the visceral abdominal and subcutaneous fats were weighted. All data were analyzed by One Way ANOVA test. Result: According to post-test analysis, the mean weight of abdominal subcutaneous fat was found at 1.18 ± 0.27 grams, 1.60 ± 0.20 grams, and 0.90 ± 0.36 grams in groups P0, P1 and P2 respectively. The mean visceral fat weight was 0.88 ± 0.45 grams, 1.46 ± 0.34 grams, and 0.69 ± 0.35 grams in groups P0, P1 and P2 respectively. One Way ANOVA test analysis found that there were significant differences in mean weight of visceral fat and abdominal subcutaneous fat between the three groups (p <0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that, with the same dose and timeframe, the administration of oral palm oil in Wistar male rats has more tendency to increase abdominal fat than coconut oil.