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All Journal EUGENIA Jurnal Teknik Sipil Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara (JUAN) JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH JURNAL MERCATORIA Jurnal Borneo Humaniora JUNCTO: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum NOMOI Law Review Narra J Sibatik Journal : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya, Teknologi, Dan Pendidikan Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP) International Journal of Application on Economics and Business Binamulia Hukum ULJLS
Robert Robert
FTI Tarumanagara
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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THE ROLE OF INVESTIGATORS OF THE CYBER DIRECTORATE OF THE REGIONAL POLICE NORTH SUMATERA IN HANDLING CRIMINAL ACTS IN THE FIELD OF BANKING THROUGH CYBER INTERMEDIARIES Pasaribu, Hendri Goklas; Syahrin, Alvi; Robert, Robert
SIBATIK JOURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya, Teknologi, Dan Pendidikan Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Penerbit Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/sibatik.v4i6.2788

Abstract

In line with the development of the times and the increasing development that is also inseparable from all aspects related to human life. Related to developments in people's lives for all existing problems, which are increasingly easy to solve or vice versa, there are also a small number of people who experience difficulties related to facing and meeting their needs. This has resulted in the rapid development of technology that is developing in society. Development at this level of technology will also have an impact on the impacts that occur in almost all aspects of human life, and will also change people's behavior, and human civilization, on the other hand, related developments in the field of technology have resulted in life in the world becoming limitless. Against the increasingly rapid technological advances, of course, it will have an impact in terms of positive or negative aspects. However, in line with the development of the times, the use of information technology has changed both in terms of people's behavior and those related to human civilization in general. With the advancement of technology, banking also follows technological developments, by creating applications that aim to provide convenience to customers so that in carrying out transactions in the form of checking and payments can be done using mobile banking and internet banking only by using a smartphone without having to come to the bank or to an ATM machine.
KEABSAHAN RAPAT UMUM PEMEGANG SAHAM (RUPS) DALAM PERALIHAN SAHAM YANG BERASAL DARI OBJEK PPJB YANG BELUM LUNAS: STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR 29/PDT.SUS-GLL/2022/PN NIAGA.JKT.PST Ayu Wulandari Damanik, Wiwin; Sunarmi, Sunarmi; Robert, Robert
SIBATIK JOURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya, Teknologi, Dan Pendidikan Vol. 4 No. 8 (2025)
Publisher : Penerbit Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/sibatik.v4i8.2959

Abstract

The General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS) is a company organ that holds the highest power in the company and holds all authorities that are not delegated by the directors and commissioners. In the transfer of shares in the Company, a General Meeting of Shareholders must first be held as in accordance with the provisions of Article 56 of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. The objectives of this thesis include analyzing the validity of the GMS in a Limited Liability Company regarding the Transfer of Shares from PPJB that has not been Paid in Full, analyzing the legal consequences of the Sale and Purchase Agreement (PPJB) for PPJB Objects that have not been paid in full in a bankrupt company, and analyzing the judge's considerations in the District Court decision No. 29 / Pdt.SUS-GLL / 2022 / PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst. The type of research used is Normative Legal Research which will refer to laws and regulations. Normative legal research in this study was carried out using a statute approach and a case approach. The data sources used are Primary Legal Materials (written rules enforced by the state) Secondary Legal Materials (materials in the form of legal reviews) Tertiary Legal Materials (materials that support legal materials, both primary and secondary). Data collection techniques are through legal material literature studies (rechtsmaterialen) and field research through interviews. The results of this thesis research can be concluded firstly the validity of a GMS in a Company can be seen in Law No. 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies based on its material and formal elements. Secondly the legal consequences of the Sale and Purchase Agreement (PPJB) for the PPJB Object that has not been paid off in a bankrupt company are null and void, because the payment obligation has not been fulfilled. The three considerations of the judge in the decision were to sentence and order the Defendant (Curator) to remove the Immovable Assets, namely two apartment units owned by the plaintiff, from the Bankruptcy Asset List, as well as to remove them from all documents related to the bankrupt Assets (budel) and to declare that the Curator had committed an Unlawful Act (PMH).
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN DALAM PERDAGANGAN ASET KRIPTO DI BAWAH PENGAWASAN OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN (OJK) Utama, Rizki Angga; Ginting, Budiman; Robert, Robert
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol 8, No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.4122

Abstract

Abstract: The development of financial technology has encouraged the emergence of crypto assets as digital instruments that are widely traded in Indonesia. Crypto asset transactions, which were initially supervised by the Commodity Futures Trading Supervisory Agency (BAPPEBTI), have now shifted to the Financial Services Authority (OJK) based on the mandate of Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector (UU PPSK). This change has important legal implications, especially in terms of consumer protection as a party vulnerable to risks in crypto asset trading. Normative legal research uses research that conceptualizes law as what is written in laws and regulations (law in books). This protection includes preventive protection through transparency obligations, risk disclosure, consumer education, and repressive protection through complaint mechanisms, dispute resolution, and the imposition of administrative sanctions. With this approach, OJK aims to increase public trust in the crypto ecosystem and minimize legal risks that can harm consumers.Keyword: Crypto Assets, Consumer Legal Protection, OJK, PPSK Law Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi finansial telah mendorong munculnya aset kripto sebagai instrumen digital yang diperjualbelikan secara luas di Indonesia. Transaksi aset kripto yang awalnya diawasi oleh Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi (BAPPEBTI), kini beralih ke Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) berdasarkan amanat Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan (UU PPSK). Perubahan ini menimbulkan implikasi hukum penting, khususnya dalam hal perlindungan konsumen sebagai pihak yang rentan terhadap risiko dalam perdagangan aset kripto. Penelitian hukum normatif menggunakan penelitian yang mengkonsepkan hukum sebagai apa yang tertulis dalam peraturan perundang-undangan (law in books). Perlindungan ini mencakup perlindungan preventif melalui kewajiban transparansi, penyampaian risiko, edukasi kepada konsumen, serta perlindungan represif melalui mekanisme pengaduan, penyelesaian sengketa, hingga pengenaan sanksi administratif. Dengan pendekatan ini, OJK bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan publik terhadap ekosistem kripto dan meminimalkan risiko hukum yang dapat merugikan konsumen. Kata Kunci: Aset Kripto, Perlindungan Hukum Konsumen, OJK, UU PPSK
ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP KEABSAHAN SURAT PEMANGGILAN RAPAT UMUM PEMEGANG SAHAM Hutagalung, Jessica Imelda Putri; Siregar, Mahmul; Robert, Robert
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol 8, No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.4264

Abstract

Abstract:A GMS canbeheldifmorethan 1/2 (half) ofthe total numberofshareswith voting rights are presentorrepresented in the GMS, unlessthelawand/orarticlesofassociationdetermine a largerquorum. If thequorumrequirement in the GMS summonsis not achieved, a second GMS summonscanbemade. If thequorumforthesecond GMS isalso not achieved, thecompanycanrequestthechairmanoftheDistrictCourttodeterminethequorumforthethird GMS. Thisthesisisentitled "Legal AnalysisoftheValidityoftheLetterofInvitationto a General MeetingofShareholders (Study ofDecisionNumber 2917 K/Pdt/2016)". The methodused in thisthesisisnormative legal researchandisdescriptiveanalytical in nature. This study uses a statuteapproachand a case study approach. The data sourceusessecondary data in theformofprimary, secondaryandtertiary legal materialsrelatedtotheproblemsstudiedandthe data willbeanalyzedusingthedeductiveconclusiondrawingmethod. The resultsofthe study provide a conclusionthatthevalidityofholding a GMS bythecommissionerbecausetheDirectors are absentis valid andthecompanycanrequestthechairmanoftheDistrictCourttodeterminethequorumforthethird GMS. The GMS isalwaysheld in accordancewith Law Number 40 of 2007 concerningLimitedLiabilityCompaniesandtheCompany'sarticlesofassociationbecauseifthequorumforthe GMS is not met, anapplicationfordeterminingthequorummustbesubmittedtotheChairmanoftheDistrictCourt.  Keyword:GMS, Board of Commissioners, Letter of Invitation  Abstrak: RUPS dapatdilangsungkanjikadalam RUPS lebihdari 1/2 (seperdua) bagiandarijumlahseluruhsahamdenganhaksuarahadirataudiwakili, kecualiundang-undang dan/atauanggarandasarmenentukanjumlahkuorum yang lebihbesar. Apabilasyaratkuorumdalampemanggilan RUPS tidaktercapai, pemanggilan RUPS keduabisadilakukan. Bila kuorum RUPS kedua juga tidaktercapai, makaperseroandapatmemohonkepadaketuaPengadilan Negeri agar ditetapkankuorumuntuk RUPS ketiga. Tesis iniberjudul “AnalisisYuridisTerhadapKeabsahan Surat PemanggilanRapat Umum Pemegang Saham (Studi PutusanNomor 2917 K/Pdt/2016)”. Metode yang digunakandalamtesisiniadalahpenelitianyuridisnormatif dan bersifatdekriptifanalitis. Penelitianinimenggunakanpendekatanundang-undang (statuteapproach) dan pendekatankasus(case study).Sumber data menggunakan data sekunderberupabahanhukum primer, sekunder dan tersier yang berkaitandenganpermasalahan yang diteliti dan data akandianalisisdenganmetodepenarikankesimpulandeduktif. Hasil penelitianmemberikankesimpulankeabsahanpenyelenggaraan RUPS oleh komisariskarenaDireksiberhalanganadalahsah dan erseroandapatmemohonkepadaketuaPengadilan Negeri agar ditetapkankuorum RUPS ketiga. RUPS selaludiselenggarakansesuaidenganUndang-UndangNomor 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas dan anggarandasar Perseroan karenajikakourum RUPS tidakterpenuhi dan harusmengajukanpermohonanpenetapankourumkepadaKetuaPengadilan Negeri.  Kata kunci: RUPS, Dewan Komisaris, Surat Pemanggilan 
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku Pencucian Uang dalam Bentuk Investasi Reksadana (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2937 K/Pid.Sus/2021) Bella Azigna Purnama; Mulyadi, Mahmud; Robert, Robert
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (Mei - Juni 2024)
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v4i4.2084

Abstract

Pencucian uang dalam investasi reksadana di Indonesia diatur melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2010 tentang Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang (UU TPPU) yang menetapkan sanksi hingga 20 tahun penjara dan denda maksimal Rp10 miliar. Selain itu, Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) mengatur penerapan program anti pencucian uang melalui Peraturan OJK Nomor 12/POJK.01/2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaturan hukum, pembuktian pidana asal, dan pertanggungjawaban pidana terkait tindak pidana pencucian uang dalam investasi reksadana berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2937 K/Pid.Sus/2021. Metode penelitian ini adalah hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Benny Tjokrosaputro terbukti melakukan korupsi dan pencucian uang dalam pengelolaan investasi PT Asuransi Jiwasraya, merugikan negara sebesar Rp16,8 triliun. Majelis Hakim menerapkan teori pembuktian terbalik dan sistem penyerapan dipertajam (concursus realis), menjatuhkan pidana penjara seumur hidup dan denda uang pengganti Rp6,078 triliun. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan tentang mekanisme pencegahan dan penindakan kejahatan keuangan, serta mendukung terciptanya sistem keuangan yang aman dan bebas dari praktik ilegal.
PENERAPAN METODE STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING UNTUK ANALISIS PRIORITAS PROGRAM PENANGGULANGAN BANJIR DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) LANDAK BAGIAN HULU Robert, Robert; Nurhayati, Nurhayati; Danial, M Meddy
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 21, No 1 (2021): JURNAL TEKNIK SIPIL EDISI JUNI 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jtst.v21i1.59201

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini menentukan penanggulangan banjir di DAS Landak bagian hulu Sungai Landak melintasi tiga kabupaten/kota yakni Kabupaten Landak, Kabupaten Kubu Raya dan Kota Pontianak. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat dalam menentukan kebijakan penanggulangan banjir apabila dana yang tersedia terbatas. Lokasi studi ini terletak di DAS Landak Bagian Hulu dalam Wilayah Kerja Administrasi Kecamatan Kuala Behe, Kabupaten Landak, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksplanatori (explanatory research), dan pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis SEM (Structural Equation Model) yang didasarkan pada evaluasi atas adanya hubungan saling ketergantungan antar variabel. Uji Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), digunakan untuk menguji unidimensional validitas dan reliabilitas model pengukuran konstruk yang tidak dapat diukur langsung. CFA memiliki 2 tujuan utama yaitu mengukur indikator-indikator yang dikonsepsikan secara unidimensional, tepat, dan konsisten juga indikator-indikator yang dominan membentuk konstruk yang diteliti. Berdasarkan jawaban responden terhadap variabel pemerintah diperoleh nilai rata-rata 4,07, dimana nilai tersebut masuk dalam kategori tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa responden memiliki penilaian yang baik terhadap variabel pemerintah terkait dalam penanganan masalah banjir dan masyarakat pemukiman sekitar bagian hulu DAS Landak. Terdapat satu indikator yang lebih rendah dari indikator lainnya, yaitu Indikator   X1.8 (Retarding basin) pada dimensi structural dengan nilai rata-rata 0,533. Sedangkan nilai indikator yang paling tinggi berada pada indikator X2.2 (Rumah panggung) untuk dimensi structural dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 0,863. Upaya penanggulangan banjir berdasarkan nilai standardized regression weights adalah dengan dimensi structural yaitu membuat rumah panggung dengan nilai estimasi sebesar 0,863.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN HUKUM AFFILIATOR YANG MEMPROMOSIKAN PRODUK MENYEBABKAN KERUGIAN KONSUMEN Adli Fahmi Lubis, Muhammad; Sunarmi, Sunarmi; Siregar, Mahmul; Robert, Robert
SIBATIK JOURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya, Teknologi, Dan Pendidikan Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): March
Publisher : Penerbit Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/sibatik.v3i4.1874

Abstract

Binomo as a trading platform has claimed many victims, this happened with the presence of affiliates who also promoted large amounts of profits obtained in a short time. Indra Kenz as an influencer and affiliate has been named a suspect. It is necessary to study the forms of misleading promotion that cause consumer losses, the mechanism for compensation for losses by affiliates to consumers and the legal responsibility of affiliates who promote products that cause consumer losses. This research is normative research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Data uses secondary data sources, consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials collected using library study techniques. The data analysis used is qualitative analysis. The research found and concluded that forms of misleading promotions that cause consumer losses include misleading promotions with evidence of success and the promise of large profits promised by affiliates. The mechanism for returning losses to victims of Binary Options crimes is by filing a lawsuit for compensation, both civil and UUPK. Legal liability by affiliates who promote products that cause consumer losses can be subject to sanctions as stated in Article 28 paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 45A paragraph (1) of the ITE Law and Article 1365 of the Civil Code. If referring to Article 9 paragraph (1) letter k UUPK, then affiliates can be subject to sanctions in Article 62 paragraph (1) UUPK.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP INVESTOR YANG GAGAL MELAKUKAN DUE DILIGENCE SEHINGGA TERJEBAK INVESTASI BODONG Suryani, Ummi; Sirait, Ningrum N.; Robert, Robert
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol 8, No 4 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i4.4718

Abstract

Abstract: Due diligence prior to investing, whether conducted independenly by investors or with the assistance of legal consultants, is a form of precautionary action to avoid fraudulent/illegal invesments. The Financial Services Authority’s efforts in preventing fraudulent/illegal invesment through socialization and education to the public are essential for ensuring legal protection for investors. The methodology employed in this thesis is a normative juridical research method, which refers to legal norms and is conducted through library research. This study is descriptive in nature, and the data analysis method used is qualitative. The research findings reveal that the legal aspect of due diligence by investors in invesment activities involves the participation of legal consultants, with the investor acting as the implementer of the due diligence process. This is done to assess and consider invesment opportunies, thus preventing involvement in fraudulent invesments. The Financial Services Authority’s actions in regulating and supervising investors to perform due diligence in order to prevent fraudulent invesments are in accordance with Law  Number 4 of 2023 on the Development and Strengthening of the Fnancial Sector, amending Law Number 21 of 2011 on the Financial Services Authory. Legal protection for investors who fail to conduct due diligence and fall victim to fraudulent invesments can be viewed from the perspective of personal responsibility and the responsibility of the legal consultants if their services were utilized. Keyword: Invesment, Due Diligence, Legal Protection Abstrak: Due diligence dapat dilakukan oleh investor secara mandiri dan menggunakan jasa konsultan hukum adalah sebagai bentuk tindakan investor agar terhindar dari investasi bodong/illegal. Tindakan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dalam pencegahan investasi bodong/illegal dengan cara sosialisasi dan edukasi kepada masyarakat, sehingga perlindungan hukum terhadap investor dapat dilaksanakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan tesis ini adalah metode penelitian yuridis normative, yaitu metode yang mengacu pada norma hukum yang dilakukan dengan studi Pustaka. Penelitian ini memiliki sifat deskriptif. Metode Analisa data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa aspek hukum pelaksanaan due diligence oleh investor dalam kegiatan investasi adalah dengan melibatkan konsultan hukum dan investor sebagai pelaksana dari proses due diligence tersebut. Hal ini dilakukan untuk pemeriksaan dan pertimbangan investor agar terhindar dari investasi bodong. Tindakan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dalam menerapkan pegaturan dan pengawasan investor dalam melaksanakan due diligence untuk mencegah investasi bodong adalah sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 Tentang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan atas Perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2011 Tentang Otoritas Jasa Keuagan. Perlindungan hukum terhadap investor yang gagal melakukan due diligence sehingga terjebak investasi bodong dapat dilihat dari segi tanggungjawab mandiri dan tanggungjawab konsultan hukum apabila menggunakan jasa konsultan hukum. Kata kunci: Investasi, Due Diligence, Perlindungan Hukum  
Legal Challenges of PT Industri Nabati Lestari in Stabilizing National Cooking Oil Prices through the Minyakita Program: An Analysis of Price Increases Exceeding the Highest Retail Price Tarigan, Klaudius Epikuri Loga; Sukarja, Detania; Robert, Robert
Ultimate Journal of Legal Studies Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Law and Society
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/uljls.v2i2.23349

Abstract

This study examines the phenomenon of price increases in Minyakita, a government-sponsored affordable cooking oil program, which have exceeded the Highest Retail Price (HET) set under Ministry of Trade Regulation No. 18 of 2024. The Minyakita program, involving PT Industri Nabati Lestari (INL), was introduced to stabilize national cooking oil prices and ensure consumer protection. However, field observations indicate distribution violations, hoarding practices, and sales above the regulated HET. This research analyzes the legal aspects of the Domestic Market Obligation (DMO), the effectiveness of HET regulation from the perspective of consumer protection under Law No. 8 of 1999, and the legal measures available to PT INL in addressing the challenges associated with implementing the Minyakita program. The study adopts a normative-empirical legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The findings reveal that the HET policy has not been fully effective due to fluctuating CPO prices and high production costs, which impose significant financial burdens on producers. Consequently, a more realistic adjustment of the HET is necessary, alongside stronger enforcement mechanisms against distribution violations and the optimization of digital monitoring systems such as SIMIRAH. These measures are crucial to achieving a balance between producer interests and consumer protection.
Legal Study On Foreign Ownership In The Oil Palm Plantation Sector From The Perspective Of Indonesia’s Economic Sovereignty Situmorang, Patricia Catheleene Joty; Sukarja, Detania; Robert, Robert
Ultimate Journal of Legal Studies Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Law and Society
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/uljls.v2i2.23450

Abstract

Palm oil plantations are a leading Indonesian commodity with a strategic role. Foreign investment activities are subject to Law No. 25 of 2007 concerning Investment and Presidential Regulation No. 10 of 2021, which was later amended by Presidential Regulation No. 49 of 2021. Under these regulations, palm oil plantations do not require restrictions on capital ownership, meaning they can be fully owned by foreigners. This research addresses the legal aspects of foreign investment in the palm oil plantation sector, examines whether the size of foreign ownership correlates with the challenges posed by palm oil plantations, and examines whether existing regulations regarding Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), particularly in the palm oil plantation sector, are effective in ensuring economic sovereignty. Using normative legal research methods. The results indicate that the environmental and social impacts of palm oil plantations are not directly correlated with the company's ownership structure but rather relate to the company's operational practices and approach to local communities. Furthermore, although the state does not limit the size of foreign capital ownership, its presence in maintaining economic sovereignty is manifested in policies related to restrictions and obligations, such as those related to land rights, where investors can only hold a Cultivation Use Rights (HGU) for a specific period, and obligations regarding plasma plantation development and land allocation. This research also shows that regulations in oil palm plantations still require improvement to address overlapping and disharmonious regulations.  
Co-Authors Abdi, Aiko Alamnasroh Adiputra, I Gede Adli Fahmi Lubis, Muhammad Agustono Ariska, Jeffrey Alvi Syahrin Ayu Wulandari Damanik, Wiwin Bella Azigna Purnama Brodjonegoro, Sakti R. Budi Mulyadi BUDIMAN GINTING Danial, M Meddy Dicky M. Rizal, Dicky M. Dwiaji, Iqbal W. Febriyanto, Toni Gustaf Hutabarat, Andy Hendri, Ahmad Z. Heriyanto, Didik S. Hutabarat, Andy Gustaf Hutagalung, Jessica Imelda Putri Johannes E. X. Rogi Kennedy, Kennedy Liliana, Belinda Luzman, Raedi A. Mahmud Mulyadi MAHMUL SIREGAR Mardiah S. Hardianti Merang, K. Rapiandi Isak N, Jimmy NINGRUM NATASYA SIRAIT Nur Arfian, Nur Nurhayati Nurhayati Pasaribu, Hendri Goklas Pikatan, Narpati W. Pratama, Angga DM. Rizki , Sauki S. D. Runtunuwu Shaleh, Sabillal Sirait, Ningrum N. Situmorang, Patricia Catheleene Joty Sri Suryawati Sukarja, Detania Sunarmi Sunarmi Suryani, Ummi Tarigan, Klaudius Epikuri Loga Utama, Rizki Angga Yefta Pamandungan Yogahutama, Noka