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All Journal Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian Jurnal Matematika & Sains Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research FITOFARMAKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi GERVASI: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Farmasyifa Jurnal Riset Farmasi Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan
Bertha Rusdi
Prodi Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi Dan Sains, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Education Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Perbandingan Flavonoid Total dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Jambu Bol dan Jambu Air Nafisky Azzarti Kusuma; Bertha Rusdi; Farendina Suarantika
Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy 517 - 526
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25156

Abstract

Abstract. Malay apple leaves (Syzygium malaccense) and watery rose apple leaves (Syzygium aqueum) are known to contain flavonoids that have potential as natural antioxidants. Differences in the type and concentration of extraction solvents may affect the compounds extracted; therefore, a study comparing the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of both plants using 70% ethanol is needed. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the extracts, secondary metabolite contents, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and compare the two extracts. An experimental study was conducted using Malay apple and watery rose apple leaf extracts collected from Purwakarta. Extraction was performed by maceration using 70% ethanol. Data were collected through extract characterization, phytochemical screening, determination of total flavonoid content using the aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) complexation method, and antioxidant activity testing using the DPPH method with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Data were processed based on the measured total flavonoid content and IC₅₀ values. The results showed that the total flavonoid content of watery rose apple leaf extract was 72.528 ± 0.061 mgQE/g, higher than that of Malay apple leaf extract at 35.444 ± 0.120 mgQE/g. Watery rose apple leaf extract also showed stronger antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 12.512 ppm compared with 14.235 ppm for Malay apple leaf extract. Both extracts were classified as very strong antioxidants. The 70% ethanol extract of watery rose apple leaves had higher total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity than Malay apple leaf extract. Abstract. Malay apple leaves (Syzygium malaccense) and watery rose apple leaves (Syzygium aqueum) are known to contain flavonoids that have potential as natural antioxidants. Differences in the type and concentration of extraction solvents may affect the compounds extracted; therefore, a study comparing the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of both plants using 70% ethanol is needed. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the extracts, secondary metabolite contents, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and compare the two extracts. An experimental study was conducted using Malay apple and watery rose apple leaf extracts collected from Purwakarta. Extraction was performed by maceration using 70% ethanol. Data were collected through extract characterization, phytochemical screening, determination of total flavonoid content using the aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) complexation method, and antioxidant activity testing using the DPPH method with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Data were processed based on the measured total flavonoid content and IC₅₀ values. The results showed that the total flavonoid content of watery rose apple leaf extract was 72.528 ± 0.061 mgQE/g, higher than that of Malay apple leaf extract at 35.444 ± 0.120 mgQE/g. Watery rose apple leaf extract also showed stronger antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 12.512 ppm compared with 14.235 ppm for Malay apple leaf extract. Both extracts were classified as very strong antioxidants. The 70% ethanol extract of watery rose apple leaves had higher total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity than Malay apple leaf extract. Abstrak. Daun jambu bol (Syzygium malaccense) dan daun jambu air (Syzygium aqueum) diketahui mengandung flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Perbedaan jenis dan konsentrasi pelarut dapat memengaruhi senyawa yang terekstraksi sehingga diperlukan penelitian untuk membandingkan kadar flavonoid total dan aktivitas antioksidan kedua tanaman menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik ekstrak, kandungan metabolit sekunder, kadar flavonoid total, aktivitas antioksidan, serta membandingkan kedua ekstrak. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental terhadap ekstrak daun jambu bol dan daun jambu air yang diperoleh dari Purwakarta. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Data dikumpulkan melalui karakterisasi ekstrak, skrining fitokimia, penetapan kadar flavonoid total menggunakan metode kompleksasi aluminium klorida (AlCl₃), serta pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Data diolah berdasarkan hasil pengukuran kadar flavonoid total dan nilai IC₅₀. Hasil menunjukkan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak daun jambu air sebesar 72,528 ± 0,061 mgQE/g, lebih tinggi dibandingkan daun jambu bol sebesar 35,444 ± 0,120 mgQE/g. Aktivitas antioksidan daun jambu air juga lebih tinggi dengan nilai IC₅₀ 12,512 ppm dibandingkan daun jambu bol 14,235 ppm. Kedua ekstrak termasuk kategori antioksidan sangat kuat. Ekstrak etanol 70% daun jambu air memiliki kadar flavonoid total dan aktivitas antioksidan lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak daun jambu bol.
Metode Ekstraksi dan Sifat Fungsional Kolagen Berbasis Ikan: Kajian Sistematis Literatur Reisha Radyafhasa; Vinda Maharani Patricia; Bertha Rusdi
Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy 611 - 620
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25276

Abstract

Abstract. Fish collagen has gained increasing attention as a sustainable alternative to mammalian collagen because of its high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, halal acceptability, and abundant availability from fish processing by-products. This study systematically reviewed the extraction methods and functional properties of fish-derived collagen following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Statement. Literature searches were conducted in Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library, PubMed, DOAJ, and Google Scholar, with the final search performed on July 31, 2026. Seven primary research articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. The results showed that pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) generally produced higher extraction yields than acid-soluble collagen (ASC) while preserving the triple-helix structure. The extracted collagen exhibited a Water Absorption Capacity (WAC) of 31.13 ± 0.98 g/g, SDS-PAGE profiles with α1, α2, and β bands characteristic of type I collagen, and FTIR spectra showing amide A, B, I, II, and III bands, indicating that the triple-helix structure remained intact after extraction. Overall, fish-derived collagen shows considerable potential for pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetic, and food applications. Abstract. Fish collagen has gained increasing attention as a sustainable alternative to mammalian collagen because of its high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, halal acceptability, and abundant availability from fish processing by-products. This study systematically reviewed the extraction methods and functional properties of fish-derived collagen following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Statement. Literature searches were conducted in Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library, PubMed, DOAJ, and Google Scholar, with the final search performed on July 31, 2026. Seven primary research articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. The results showed that pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) generally produced higher extraction yields than acid-soluble collagen (ASC) while preserving the triple-helix structure. The extracted collagen exhibited a Water Absorption Capacity (WAC) of 31.13 ± 0.98 g/g, SDS-PAGE profiles with α1, α2, and β bands characteristic of type I collagen, and FTIR spectra showing amide A, B, I, II, and III bands, indicating that the triple-helix structure remained intact after extraction. Overall, fish-derived collagen shows considerable potential for pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetic, and food applications. Abstrak. Kolagen ikan semakin banyak dikembangkan sebagai alternatif kolagen mamalia karena memiliki biokompatibilitas tinggi, imunogenisitas rendah, diterima secara halal, serta tersedia melimpah sebagai hasil samping industri perikanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji secara sistematis metode ekstraksi dan sifat fungsional kolagen berbasis ikan. Kajian disusun mengikuti pedoman Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Statement. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library, PubMed, DOAJ, dan Google Scholar, dengan penelusuran terakhir pada 31 Juli 2026. Sebanyak tujuh artikel penelitian primer memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) umumnya menghasilkan rendemen lebih tinggi dibandingkan acid-soluble collagen (ASC) tanpa merusak struktur triple heliks. Kolagen yang dihasilkan menunjukkan Water Absorption Capacity (WAC) sebesar 31,13 ± 0,98 g/g, memiliki profil SDS-PAGE dengan pita α1, α2, dan β yang mengindikasikan kolagen tipe I, serta karakteristik FTIR berupa pita amida A, B, I, II, dan III yang menunjukkan struktur triple heliks tetap terpelihara. Secara keseluruhan, kolagen berbasis ikan berpotensi dikembangkan untuk aplikasi di bidang farmasi, biomedis, kosmetik, dan pangan.
Optimasi Sintesis Nanopartikel Tembaga (CuNPs) Menggunakan Bioreduktor Daun Katuk Nasywa Qurrotul Aini; Hilda Aprilia Wisnuwardhani; Bertha Rusdi
Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy 789 - 798
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25739

Abstract

Abstract. Synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using green synthesis method is an environmentally friendly alternative that utilizes natural bioreductors from plants. This study aims to synthesize and characterize CuNPs by utilizing the secondary metabolite content of Sweet leaf bush extract (Sauropus androgynus(L.)Merr) such as flavonoids, polyphenols and saponins as reducing agents and stabilizers. The success of CuNPs formation is indicated by the results of UV-Vis spectrophotometry which shows a specific absorption peak of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at a wavelength of 653 nm. FTIR analysis shows a shift in the O-H functional group band to 3114.62cm-1 and the emergence of a new C-O band at 1095.46 cm-1, proving the attachment of phytochemical compounds to the surface of nanoparticles. Measurements using PSA produce an average particle size of 111.3 nm with an average PDI of 0.2132. The particle size exceeds the ideal range due to the high precursor concentration and the occurrence of slight aggregation. Based on the research results, the Sweet Leaf bushextract used still requires optimization to produce smaller nanoparticle sizes for CuNPs synthesis using the green synthesis method. Abstrak. Sintesis nanopartikel tembaga (CuNPs) menggunakan metode green synthesis menjadi alternatif yang ramah lingkungan yang memanfaatkan bioreduktor alami dari tumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan mengkarakterisasi CuNPs dengan memanfaatkan kandungan metabolit sekunder sari ekstrak daun katuk (Sauropus androgynus(L.)Merr) seperti flavonoid, polifenol dan saponin sebagai agen pereduksi sekaligus penstabil. Keberhasilan pembentukan CuNPs ditandai dengan hasil spektrofotometri UV-Vis yang menunjukkan puncak serapan spesifik Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) pada panjang gelombang 653 nm. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan pergeseran pita gugus fungsi O-H menjadi 3114,62cm-1 dan munculnya pita baru C-O pada 1095,46 cm-1, membuktikan keterikatan senyawa fitokimia pada permukaan nanopartikel. Pengukuran menggunakan PSA menghasilkan rata-rata ukuran partikel sebesar 111,3 nm dengan rata-rata PDI 0.2132. Ukuran partikel tersebut melebihi rentang ideal akibat konsentrasi prekursor yang tinggi dan terjadinya sedikit agregasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ekstrak daun katuk yang digunakan masih perlu dilakukan optimasi untuk menghasilkan ukuran nanopartikel yang lebih kecil dalam sintesis CuNPs melalui metode green synthesis.
Analisis Profil ADMET Bioaktif Tanaman Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) Abriel shafar Faiza; Bertha Rusdi; Taufik Muhammad Fakih
Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy 941 - 948
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26158

Abstract

Abstract. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) is a medicinal plant rich in secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities. However, not all bioactive compounds possess favorable pharmacokinetic and safety properties required for drug development. This study aimed to analyze the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) profiles of red ginger bioactive compounds using an in silico approach. Compound data were collected from the IMPPAT, KNApSAcK, and Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, followed by duplicate removal. Pharmacokinetic screening was performed using SwissADME based on Lipinski's Rule of Five (zero violations) and a bioavailability score ≥0.55. Toxicity prediction was subsequently conducted using ProTox-II with LD₅₀ ≥2000 mg/kg, toxicity class ≥5, and organ toxicity assessment. A total of 1,873 compound records were identified, resulting in 1,225 unique compounds after deduplication. Among these, 745 compounds fulfilled the drug-likeness criteria, while 372 compounds met all predefined toxicity criteria. These findings demonstrate that an in silico ADMET screening strategy is effective for prioritizing red ginger bioactive compounds with favorable pharmacokinetic and predicted safety profiles for further drug discovery research. Abstrak. Jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) merupakan tanaman obat yang kaya akan metabolit sekunder dengan berbagai aktivitas biologis. Namun, tidak seluruh senyawa bioaktif memiliki karakteristik farmakokinetik dan keamanan yang memadai untuk dikembangkan sebagai kandidat obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis profil Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, dan Toxicity (ADMET) senyawa bioaktif jahe merah menggunakan pendekatan in silico. Data senyawa diperoleh dari database IMPPAT, KNApSAcK, dan Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, kemudian dilakukan eliminasi duplikasi. Skrining farmakokinetik dilakukan menggunakan SwissADME berdasarkan parameter Lipinski's Rule of Five tanpa pelanggaran dan bioavailability score ≥0,55. Selanjutnya, profil toksisitas dievaluasi menggunakan ProTox-II berdasarkan nilai LD50 ≥2000 mg/kg, kelas toksisitas ≥5, serta prediksi toksisitas organ. Hasil identifikasi memperoleh 1.873 data senyawa yang setelah deduplikasi menjadi 1.225 senyawa unik. Sebanyak 745 senyawa memenuhi kriteria drug-likeness, sedangkan 372 senyawa memenuhi seluruh parameter toksisitas yang ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan ADMET berbasis in silico efektif dalam memprioritaskan senyawa bioaktif jahe merah yang memiliki karakteristik farmakokinetik dan profil keamanan yang baik untuk penelitian lanjutan.
Verifikasi Metode Analisis Kadar Senyawa Metil Paraben dalam Krim Malam Pemutih Wajah Milla Putri Rizky Rahmadilla; Bertha Rusdi; Farendina Suarantika
Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy 959 - 966
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26264

Abstract

Abstract. Preservatives are substances used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. The research problem addressed in this study concerns the results of method verification for determining methylparaben levels in facial whitening night creams using Preparative Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) and UV spectrophotometry, as well as whether the methylparaben content remains within the permissible limit of less than 0.4%. To assess the validity of the determination methods, the study involved first separating mixture components via Preparative TLC to eliminate interference from other compounds possessing similar chromophore groups. Based on the method verification results, UV spectrophotometry demonstrated good accuracy and precision (% Recovery = 104.307%, systematic error = 4.307%, and random error = 0.213%). Analysis of the five facial whitening night cream samples yielded average methylparaben levels of 0.169% for Brand A, 0.385% for Brand B, 0.318% for Brand C, 0.152% for Brand D, and 0.344% for Brand E. The levels in all five samples complied with the usage limits for methylparaben established by BPOM (< 0.4%). Abstrak. Bahan pengawet merupakan bahan yang digunakan dengan tujuan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan mikroorganisme. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimanakah hasil dari verifikasi metode penetapan kadar Metil paraben dalam krim malam pemutih wajah secara KLT Preparatif dan Spektrofotometri UV serta apakah kadar Metil paraben dalam krim malam pemutih wajah masih dalam batas penggunaan yang diizinkan yaitu kurang dari 0,4%. Untuk melihat kevalidan metode penetapan kadar Metil paraben secara KLT Preparatif dan Spektrofotometri UV, penelitian dilakukan dengan pemisahan komponen campuran secara Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) Preparatif terlebih dahulu untuk mengeliminasi gangguan dari senyawa lain yang memiliki gugus kromofor mirip. Berdasarkan hasil verifikasi metode, spektrofotometri ultraviolet memberikan nilai akurasi dan presisi yang baik (% Recovery = 104,307%, kesalahan sistematik = 4,307%, dan kesalahan acak = 0,213%). Pada kelima sampel krim malam pemutih wajah yang dianalisis, diperoleh kadar rata-rata sampel merk A sebesar 0,169%, merk B 0,385%, merk C 0,318%, merk D 0,152%, dan merk E 0,344%. Kadar kelima sampel memenuhi syarat penggunaan metil paraben yang diperbolehkan oleh BPOM (< 0,4%).
Co-Authors Abriel shafar Faiza Ai Nurlaela Ainah Anggi Arumsari Anisa Sopiani Aqilah Adelingga Wijaya Arlina Prima Putri Arlina Prima Putri Aulia Lairanisa Cahyaning Pertiwi Daya Fadillah Diar Herawati Diena Elisa Cahyani Dina Mulyanti Ernita Fadil Rido Gumelar Farendina Suarantika Fatimah Ghaida Muthmainnah Fattah, Miswar Febriani Saputri Feni Muhaimin Febriyanti Fika Nurul Hafidzoh Fitri Anjani Galand Febrial Akbar Gumelar, Fadil Rido Haidir Syafrullah Helen Caterina Simorangkir Hilda Aprilia Hilda Aprilia W Hilda Aprilia Wisnuwardhani Hilda Aprilia, Hilda Hudari Aklinia Handadly Indra Topik Maulana Irene Yuliani Trinita Kiki Mulkiya Yuliawati Lailatul Taqbi Rahmatya Lanny Mulqie Marwah Mayang Fitriani Sukma Dewi Milla Putri Rizky Rahmadilla Miski A. Khairinisa Miswar Fattah Miswar Fattah Muhammad Ilham Hardian Muhammad Khalid Anshari Muhammad Rafii Akbar Nabilla, Qori Nadhifa Auliya Saniyyah Nafisky Azzarti Kusuma Nanda Nurhaliza Z Nasywa Qurrotul Aini Nazwa Aliifah Fachruddin Netty Kurniaty Nina Destrian Azizah Nurul Azizah Rahmawati Onoy Rohaeni Pingky Valentina Puri Salsabila Arsyi Rani Pertiwi Ratih Aryani, Ratih Reisha Radyafhasa Reisya Nabila REZA ABDUL KODIR, REZA ABDUL Shafira Salsabila Azzahra Shifa Fudjayanti Susi Susilawati Suwendar Syifa Prahayati Syifa Prahayati Taufik M. Fakih Taufik Muhammad Fakih Tellisa Rayasari Haryono Tiara Az-zahra Choerunisa Trinita, Irene Yuliani Tsania Nujjia Wijaya TUTUS GUSDINAR Tutus Gusdinar Umi Yuniarni Vinda Maharani Patricia Yani Lukmayani