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EVALUASI RASIONALITAS PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK DENGAN PENDEKATAN METODE GYSSENS TERHADAP LUARAN KLINIS PASIEN BALITA PENDERITA PNEUMONIA DI RSUD KOTA BOGOR Naifah Luthfiyah Putri; Hany Yusmaini; Sugeng Wiyono
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4 No 1 (2020): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (245.915 KB)

Abstract

Pneumonia merupakan penyebab terbanyak kematian balita di dunia terutama di Indonesia. Insidensi penyakit pneumonia di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan dari 63,45% pada tahun 2015 menjadi 65,27% pada tahun 2016. Pada tahun 2017, pneumonia termasuk ke dalam 10 besar penyakit terbanyak di instalasi rawat inap RSUD Kota Bogor. Kejadian resistensi antibiotik pada penyakit infeksi seperti pneumonia telah menjadi masalah global. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi kejadian resistensi antibiotik adalah dengan melakukan evaluasi rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik. Evaluasi rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien pneumonia balita di RSUD Kota Bogor belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional analitik berdasarkan data rekam medis pasien pneumonia balita yang dirawat inap di RSUD Kota Bogor Tahun 2017 dengan jumlah sampel pasien pneumonia balita yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 77 orang. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik dengan menggunakan metode Gyssens dan melihat luaran klinis berupa suhu tubuh pada 48-72 jam setelah penggunaan antibiotik. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 51,9% penggunaannya rasional, artinya bahwa penggunaan antibiotik pada 51,9% pasien telah memenuhi seluruh kriteria Gyssens. Penggunaan antibiotik yang rasional akan memberikan optimalisasi terapi antibiotik sehingga luaran klinis yang dihasilkan juga optimal atau baik. Terdapat hubungan antara penggunaan antibiotik dengan luaran klinis pada pasien rawat inap balita penderita pneumonia di RSUD Kota Bogor Tahun 2017. DOI : 10.35990/mk.v4n1.p74-87
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KADER DI WILAYAH PROGRAM KEMITRAAN MASYARAKAT PUSKESMAS LIMO DEPOK TENTANG COVID-19 DENGAN KOMORBID Hany Yusmaini; Sri Wahyuningsih; Erna Harfiani; Meiskha Bahar
BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 3 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Majalengka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (340.315 KB) | DOI: 10.31949/jb.v3i4.2927

Abstract

Covid-19 is a disease caused by a new type of viral infection that has never been identified before in humans and can cause lung inflammation. The development of Covid-19 in patients with comorbidities is usually more rapid and severe so it often causes death compared to non-comorbid. Comorbid is a disease that has been owned by a patient before being infected. The accompanying disease can worsen Covid-19 especially if the disease is not controlled. Therefore preventive measures in this group are very important considering that until now drugs and vaccines for this disease have not been found. The confirmed number of Covid-19 in Depok city is quite high. The target of this community service activity is the cadres in the Program Kemitraan Masyarakat area of Limo Depok divided into 4 extension areas : Limo, Meruyung, Krukut, and Grogol. In addition to being provided online with Gmeet, counseling is also provided by sharing videos through WhatsApp groups and pocketbook giving. The implementation of the activity was carried out in September 2020. Evaluation of activities is carried out using pre and post-tests. The result of this activity is a significant increase in cadre knowledge about Covid-19 with Comorbid (p<0.05), which is expected to help increase Covid-19 alertness and prevention measures in at-risk groups in Limo region.
PELATIHAN PENGENALAN TANDA DINI DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE PADA MASYARAKAT PESISIR DESA PABEAN UDIK INDRAMAYU Erna Harfiani; Sri Wahyuningsih; Hany Yusmaini; Meiskha Bahar; Fajriati Zulfa; Taufiq Fredrik Pasiak
SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Vol 7, No 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jpmb.v7i1.12158

Abstract

ABSTRAKKasus Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Desa Pabean Udik Kabupaten Indramayu masih tinggi. Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit menular yang masih banyak menimbulkan kesakitan dan kematian. Sampai saat ini belum ada pengobatan penyebab, hanya pengobatan simptomatis dan suportif. Tujuan kegiatan adalah untuk meningkatkan tingkat pengetahuan tentang DBD dan tanaman obat pada masyarakat pesisir desa Pabean Udik Indramayu sebagai upaya pengendalian dan pencegahan DBD. Metode kegiatan berupa penyuluhan tentang DBD dan tanaman TOGA, pelatihan pemantauan jentik (JUMANTIK), dan pemberian beberapa jenis TOGA untuk ditanam di lingkungan rumah. Sebelum kegiatan dilakukan pretes dan setelah penyuluhan dilakukan posttest untuk mengetahui keberhasilan kegiatan. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Pabean Udik Kabupaten Indramayu pada bulan Oktober 2022 dengan peserta berjumlah 30 orang dan menggunakan media penyuluhan PowerPoint. Hasil pengabdian didapatkan bahwa karakteristik peserta sebagian besar responden berusia 36-45 tahun (33,3%), berpendidikan SD (40,7%). Terdapat peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan 10,19 (16.79 %), dimana nilai rata-rata setelah promosi kesehatan 70,89 sedangkan nilai rata-rata sebelum kesehatan promosi 60,70. Pelatihan ini akan dapat membantu tercapainya lingkungan yang sehat sehingga nyamuk tidak berkembang biak dan kejadian demam berdarah akan dapat berkurang. Kata kunci: DBD; pengetahuan; promosi kesehatan ABSTRACTDengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease that still causes a lot of morbidity and mortality. Until now, there has been no causative treatment, only symptomatic and supportive treatment. According to a report from the Indramayu District Health Office, DHF cases in Pabean Udik Village are still high. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge before and after health promotion. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The research location was in Pabean Udik Village, Indramayu Regency, in October 2022. Respondents were residents of Pabean Udik Village, Indramayu Regency, totaling 30 people. The dependent variable is the level of knowledge. The independent variable is health promotion using PowerPoint. Data collection using a questionnaire. Most of the respondents were aged 36-45 years (33.3%), had primary school education (40.7%), The average value after health promotion was (Mean = 70.89; SD = 1.805; p = 0.000) while the average value before health promotion (Mean = 60.70; SD = 1.708 ;  p = 0.000) answers to questions that increased sharply about first aid if were felt by DHF syndrome. Health promotion increases the level of knowledge of the residents of Pabean Udik Village, Indramayu Regency Keywords: DHF; knowledge; health promotion
IbM PENCAPAIAN TEKANAN DARAH TERKONTROL MELALUI DETEKSI DINI EDUKASI TATALAKSANA FARMAKOLOGI DAN NON FARMAKOLOGI DI POSBINDU CISALAK PASAR KOTA DEPOK Sri Wahyuningsih; Hany Yusmaini; Nurfitri Bustamam
MADANI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 4 No 1 (2018): Madani : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : LPPM UPN Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (323.757 KB) | DOI: 10.53834/mdn.v4i1.417

Abstract

Hypertension is a health problem that is still found in many first-rate service facilities. Hypertension cancause damage to various vital organs if it is not detected early and gets adequate treatment. Control of blood pressure in hypertensive patients is still inadequate even though effective drugs are available. At the Cisalak Pasar Health Center, there were high visits of hypertensive patients and a number of patients who had not been obedient to routine control and taking medication as recommended. The results of blood tests and EKG on the previous examination found 14.29% of hypertensive patients had kidney problems. This activity aims to detect the presence of target organ complications and increase knowledge about rational drug use, control and regular exercise as an effort to control hypertension. IbM activities are carried out through blood and ECG examinations and counseling about rational use of drugs and exercise for hypertensive patients. The results of laboratory tests found that anumber of patients experienced an increase in a number of parameters, namely 37.93% increase in cholesterol, 27.59% increase in triglycerides, increase in LDL 68.97%, increase in urea 20.69%, and creatinine increase of 26.47%. ECG results showed cardiac abnormalities in one patient (2.94%). The average score of sports knowledge for hypertensive patients increased after counseling, before a score of 4.7 to 6.27. The pattern of drugs used by patients from Puskesmas is mostly single drugs. Most patients still consume fatty and salty foods. However, there are many patients who consume vegetables and fruits, reduce preserved foods, regularly check blood pressure, and have ideal body weight to achieve controlled blood pressure. The results of IbM found an increase in knowledge and changes in the behavior of hypertensive patients to achieve controlled blood pressure, although some patientswho had kidney and heart problems were found.
LETHAL CONCENTRATION OF Saussurea costus WITH BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST METHOD Dhigna Luthfiyani Citra Pradana; Hany Yusmaini; Erna Harfiani
Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 8 No 1 (2023): JIIS
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin

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Abstract

The safety of using herbal plant extracts is essential for COVID-19 patients who consume herbal plants daily to increase immunity and overcome the symptoms of the disease. One of the herbal plants used by the community in COVID-19 therapy is Qusthul Hindi (Saussurea costus). The public needs to know the safety of these herbal remedies when consuming them. Therefore it is essential to conduct a toxicity test of Hindi Qusthul extract. Secondary metabolite compounds present in plant extracts can be tested for toxicity in vitro using the Brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method using Artemia salina Leach larvae to determine LC50 values. The BSLT method is used to determine biological activities in extract plants, such as cytotoxic activity, phototoxic, enzyme inhibition, and ion regulation, using Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae as bioindicators. The BSLT method is carried out by observing the mortality rate in Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae which are given extracts from plants and then incubated for 1x24 hours. The results obtained from this study as an LC50 (Lethal concentration) value of 532.78 ppm. LC50 (Lethal Concentration) value of 532.78 ppm indicates that the concentration of the compound can cause death in Artemia salina Leach by as much as 50%.
Faktor resiko kejadian peningkatan kadar transminase pada penggunaan obat antituberkulosis pasien tuberkulosis paru di RST Wijayakusuma Purwokerto Alya Andina Dasuki; Annisa Farida Muti; Hany Yusmaini
JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X Vol. 12 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : Pengurus Pusat Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (470.134 KB) | DOI: 10.35617/jfionline.v12i2.55

Abstract

Most of the tuberculosis cases reported in Indonesia were in provinces with high population density, including Central Java. The combination of first-line antituberculosis drugs including pyrazinamide, isoniazide and rifampicin has the potential to cause hepatotoxicity as indicated by an increase in transaminase levels. Incidence of elevated transaminase levels leading to drug resistance and treatment failure. Early detection of elevated transaminase levels by antituberculosis drugs is important by studying predisposing risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of increased levels of transaminases due to the use of anti-tuberculosis drugs in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at RST Wijayakusuma Purwokerto. This type of research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 80 samples were selected by random sampling. Data collection is done by viewing and recording the patient's medical record. Data were analyzed using the Chi-squared test and Logistic Regression test. The results of the bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test showed that there was a significant relationship between old age (p = 0,000), female gender (p = 0.035), malnutrition (0,000), length of treatment (p = 0.026) and a history of taking other drugs. (p = 0.008). The most influential factor was the elderly (OR = 8.815) on the incidence of elevated transaminase levels; followed by nutrition status (OR=6,478).
Metformin Effectiveness in Reducing Mortality among Covid-19 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a Tertiary Hospital in Indonesia Yudivaniel Zihono; Hany Yusmaini; Uswatun Hasanah; Erna Harfiani; Md Ikhsan Mokoagow; Dicky Budiman
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 3 (2023): September
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v59i3.46944

Abstract

Highlights: 1. As there is a scarcity of publications on the use of metformin for COVID-19 in Indonesia, the findings of this present study may contribute more insight to the existing body of research and provide data specific to the Southeast Asian population.2. This study revealed a decreased mortality rate associated with metformin use in diabetic patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 infection.3. This study suggests that diabetic patients may continue metformin treatment during a COVID-19 infection as the medication has sustained therapeutic effects.   Abstract COVID-19 patients with comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes (T2DM), have a higher mortality rate compared to those without any comorbidities. T2DM patients usually receive metformin as their first-line treatment. However, the effectiveness of metformin in reducing mortality rates still requires further analysis. The objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of metformin in reducing mortality rates among COVID-19 patients with T2DM. An analytic observational design with a retrospective cohort approach was used in this study. Samples were acquired from hospitalized COVID-19 patients with T2DM medical records at Fatmawati Central General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, throughout 2020–2021. The samples were collected using a purposive sampling technique and analyzed using Chi-square test (p<0.05; RR<1). This study comprised 137 samples, with 56 samples receiving metformin and 81 not receiving metformin. The mortality rate in the sample group that received metformin was lower (19.6%) compared to the group that was not given the medication (38.3%). The Chi-square test results indicated a statistically significant relationship between metformin treatment and a lower mortality rate among COVID-19-contracted individuals with T2DM (p=0.020; RR=0.513). Therefore, this study concludes that the administration of metformin treatment reduces mortality among COVID-19 patients with T2DM.
Ekstrak Aloe vera dan Isolat Actinomycetes Sebagai Antimikroba untuk Bakteri Escherichia coli Monica, Astried; Bahar, Meiskha; Pramesyanti, Andri; Fauziah, Cut; Yusmaini, Hany; Zulfa, Fajriati
2-TRIK: TUNAS-TUNAS RISET KESEHATAN Vol 13, No 3 (2023): Agustus 2023
Publisher : FORUM ILMIAH KESEHATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/2trik13305

Abstract

Escherichia coli is one of the causes of diarrhea among other causes of diarrhea. Researchers are searching for various types of antibiotics by utilizing bioactive compounds from other living creatures, both plants and animals, and even bacteria such as Actinomycetes and Aloe vera isolates which have been proven to reduce diarrheal diseases, especially those caused by Escherichia coli. The aim of this review was to understand the antibacterial activity of Aloe vera leaf extract and Actinomycetes isolates against Escherichia coli microbes. This study was classified as a systematic review by conducting a literature search from various databases, namely PubMed, Ebsco and National Library E-Resources. The literature was limited to discussions of Escherichia coli, Aloe vera and Actinomycetes. Furthermore, there were 6 articles reporting that Aloe vera could inhibit Escherichia coli and there were also 6 articles reporting that Actinomycetes could inhibit Escherichia coli. Furthermore, it was concluded that Actinomycetes isolates and Aloe vera extracts could be used as alternative antibacterials in the treatment of diarrhea, especially those caused by Escherichia coli.Keywords: Actinomycetes; Aloe vera; antimicrobial; Escherichia coli ABSTRAK Escherichia coli merupakan salah satu suatu penyebab terjadinya diare di antara penyebab diare yang lain. Para peneliti melakukan pencarian berbagai jenis antibiotik dengan memanfaatkan senyawa bioaktif dari sesama makhluk hidup, baik dari tumbuhan maupun dari hewan, bahkan bakteri seperti isolat Actinomycetes dan Aloe vera yang telah terbukti dapat mengurangi penyakit diare, terutama yang disebabkan oleh Escherichia coli. Tujuan dari review ini adalah memahami tentang aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun Aloe vera dan isolat Actinomycetes untuk mikroba Escherichia coli. Studi ini tergolong sebagai systematic review dengan melakukan pencarian literatur dari berbagai database yaitu PubMed, Ebsco dan E-Resources Perpusnas. Literatur dibatasi pada pembahasan tentang Escherichia coli, Aloe vera dan Actinomycetes. Selanjutnya didapatkan 6 artikel yang melaporkan bahwa Aloe vera dapat menghambat Escherichia coli dan didapatkan pula 6 artikel yang melaporkan bahwa Actinomycetes dapat menghambat Escherichia coli. Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa isolat Actinomycetes dan ekstrak Aloe vera dapat digunakan sebagai anti bakteri alternatif dalam pengobatan diare, khususnya yang disebabkan oleh Escherichia coli.Kata kunci: Actinomycetes; Aloe vera; antimikroba; Escherichia coli
CD4 Count and Central Nervous System Infection among HIV/AIDS Patients in an Indonesian Presidential Hospital from 2020 to 2022 Annisa Azzahra Ramadina; Riezky Valentina Astari; Hany Yusmaini; Arman Yurisaldi Saleh
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 60 No. 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v60i1.54070

Abstract

Highlights:1. There were insufficient data on the correlation between CD4 count and central nervous system infection as well as the risk magnitude of the infection for HIV/AIDS patients in Indonesia.2. This study revealed a significant correlation between CD4 count and the incidence of central nervous system infection in HIV/AIDS patients, showing an increased risk with a low CD4 count.3. The findings suggest that CD4 count is a vital parameter in determining therapy and evaluating the presence of opportunistic infections in HIV/AIDS patients.   Abstract People living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), referred to as PLWHA, have a high rate of mortality and morbidity due to opportunistic central nervous system infections. The infections are attributed to the immune deficiency caused by HIV exposure to the immune system's cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cells. This allows the central nervous system, the most vital body system, to acquire an opportunistic infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the existence and magnitude of a risk by examining the correlation between CD4 count and the incidence of central nervous system infection among HIV/AIDS patients. This analytical cross-sectional study utilized a simple random sampling technique on the population of HIV/AIDS patients, which consisted of 80 medical records from January 2020 to December 2022. This study was conducted at Gatot Soebroto Presidential Hospital, also known as Gatot Soebroto Central Army Hospital, in Jakarta, Indonesia. The data analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test (p<0.05) and the prevalence odds ratio (POR). The results showed that 16.3% of the patients suffered a central nervous system infection, which consisted of cerebral toxoplasmosis (76.9%) and brain abscess (23.1%). The bivariate analysis suggested a significant correlation between CD4 count and the incidence of central nervous system infection, with an 11.5-fold increased risk for HIV/AIDS patients who had a CD4 count of <200 cells/mm3 (p=0.000; OR=11.5; 95% CI=2.9–43.8). This study concludes that CD4 count is correlated with the incidence of central nervous system infection, indicating a higher risk for HIV/AIDS patients with a low CD4 count.
PREVALENSI DAN POLA SENSITIVITAS Klebsiella pneumoniae DAN Escherichia coli  PENGHASIL EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETALAKTAMASE DI RSPAD GATOT SOEBROTO TAHUN 2021 Yusmaini, Hany; Bahar, Meiskha; Harfiani, Erna; Ufi Dewintera
Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2024): JIIS
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36387/jiis.v9i2.1670

Abstract

ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli are the Enterobacteriaceae that most commonly cause bacteriemia and nosocomial infections in the world. It is important to be aware of these bacteria to prevent an increase in infections with these resistant bacteria in hospitals. This research is a retrospective descriptive study, aiming to determine the prevalence of ESBL produced by K. Pneumoniae and E. coli and their sensitivity patterns. The data comes from clinical specimens that were examined for bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity tests in the Clinical Pathology Microbiology Lab in 2021. ESBL test using VITEK 2 compact tool. The results of the research were that E. coli was the most ESBL producing bacteria (50.9%) while K. pneumoniae was 20.9%. The highest prevalence of positive ESBL came from the ICU (41.4%) and the surgical ward (40.8%). Almost all rooms from which specimens were sent had a higher prevalence of positive ESBL E.coli, while for K.pneumoniae negative ESBL was higher. The most common types of positive specimens were bronchial lavage (67.4%) and wound swab (47.1%). Antibiotics that have high sensitivity to ESBL positive bacteria are Amikacin, Tigecycline and Meropenem.This research shows an increase in the prevalence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli at the Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital, although it is still lower than several other national referral hospitals. Infection control, rational use of antimicrobials and prevention of transmission must continue to be pursued to reduce its prevalence.