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Journal : Journal of Tropical Plant Protection

Molecular Characterization of a Rigid Rod-Shaped Virus Isolated from Frangipani (Plumeria sp.) Showing Mosaic Symptom in Taiwan Choliq, Fery Abdul; Chen, Tsang Hai; Sulistyowati, Liliek
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

Frangipani is an important succulent plant around the worlds and also in Taiwan, for example, Plumeria rubra is widely grown as a popular ornamental tree in parks and landscaped establishments in Taiwan. Recently, a new disease in frangipani with mosaic and distortion symptoms was found in Taiwan. No viruses caused frangipani disease has been reported in Taiwan and the references about frangipani disease are still limited and only Frangipani mosaic virus (FrMV) was found. In this study, the molecular properties of a virus isolated from symptomatic frangipani in south Taiwan, such as Pingtung, Kauhsiung and Tainan were investigated. The virus with rod-shaped particles of 300 nm long and 18 nm in diameter was examined inside diseased leaves by electron microscopy. The purified virus particles showed the typical UV spectrum of tobamoviruses with A260/A280 value of 1.29 and maximum and minimum absorption at 260 nm and 249 nm, respectively. The molecular weight of19.5 kDa as the size of coat protein of tobamoviruses was estimated bysodium dedocyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE). Furthermore, the degenerate primers for tobamoviruses were used to amplify 568 bp and 400 bp of the DNA fragments in RT-PCR and nested PCR, respectively. Based on these results, it was confirmed that the rigidrod-shaped virus isolated from mosaic symptom of frangipani leaves is an isolate of FrMV, belonging to the genus Tobamovirus. This is the first report thatFrMV infecting Plumeria sp.in Taiwan. Keywords: Frangipani plant, mosaic disease, FrMV, Tobamovirus
Biology and Predatory Behavior of Metioche vittaticollis (Stal) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) Sri Karindah; Bagyo Yanuwiadi; Liliek Sulistyowati
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

Metioche vittaticollis (Stal) is one of the generalist predator in rice field habitat. The biology and predatory behavior were studied in the laboratory. The life cycle of M. vittaticollis (Stal) averaged 40–61 days at 26°-28oC. The eggs were inserted singly within the leaf sheath of rice or weeds and hatched in 14.28 days. The nymphal period was varied between 27 and 45 days and passed four nymphal stadia. Female fecundity was averaged 50 eggs during her lifetime. The longevity of the female or male adult was ranged from 20 to 38 days. The average longevity of females and males were 29.24 and 25.00 days, respectively. The longevity of unmated female or male were longer than the mated female or male. The egg and first instar nymph sustained the high mortality of 30% and 25%, respectively, whilst there was less mortality in the third and fourth instar nymph. The adult females of M. vittaticollis survived for 32 days and the rate of survival was high in the young adults but decreased as the cricket aged. The females were more preferred to Brown Plant Hopper (BHP) nymph than the males. The early nymph stage of prey was the most stage to be fed by M. vittaticollis. However, the predation declined when they were given prey of late instar of BPH nymphs. Fewer adult stage of BPH was consumed by both male and female crickets.Key words: biology; generalist predator; prey consumption; Metioche vittaticollis