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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Syariah Bandung Conference Series : Sharia Economic Law Jurnal Riset Perbankan Syariah Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis (Performa)
Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia.
Religion Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences

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Tinjauan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 113/2017 Terhadap Praktik Jasa Titip Barang di Toko @prel.loved maniacc Dwi Puspita Sari; Maman Surahman; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 123-130
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25008

Abstract

Abstract. The development of preloved goods consignment services (jastip) through social media is increasing along with the development of digital transactions. This practice has similar characteristics to the wakalah bil ujrah contract, namely the granting of power of attorney from the owner of the goods to another party to sell the goods for a fee (ujrah). This study aims to analyze the suitability of the consignment service practice at the @prel.loved maniacc Shop based on DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 113/DSN-MUI/IX/2017. The study used a field research type with a qualitative approach and case study method. Data were obtained through interviews with two informants, namely the shop owner and the consignee, and supported by observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the mechanism for granting power of attorney and determining ujrah is in accordance with DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 113/2017 due to the clarity of the power of attorney and the agreement on the fee before the contract. However, in the aspect of the representative's responsibility, there are still discrepancies, namely the settlement of losses using the proceeds from the sale of entrusted goods without the consent of the muwakkil, thus containing elements of mukhalafat al-syuruth. Thus, the practice of goods consignment services at the @prel.loved maniacc Store is generally in accordance with DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 113/2017, but the mechanism for implementing the representative's responsibility still needs to be refined.  Abstrak. Perkembangan jasa titip (jastip) barang preloved melalui media sosial semakin meningkat seiring berkembangnya transaksi digital. Praktik ini memiliki karakteristik yang serupa dengan akad wakalah bil ujrah, yaitu pemberian kuasa dari pemilik barang kepada pihak lain untuk menjual barang dengan imbalan (ujrah). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kesesuaian praktik jasa titip barang di Toko @prel.loved maniacc berdasarkan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 113/DSN-MUI/IX/2017. Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap dua informan, yaitu pemilik toko dan penitip barang, serta didukung oleh observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme pemberian kuasa dan penetapan ujrah telah sesuai dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 113/2017 karena adanya kejelasan kuasa dan kesepakatan fee sebelum akad. Namun, pada aspek tanggung jawab wakil masih ditemukan ketidaksesuaian, yaitu penyelesaian kerugian menggunakan hasil penjualan barang titipan tanpa persetujuan muwakkil, sehingga mengandung unsur mukhalafat al-syuruth. Dengan demikian, praktik jasa titip barang di Toko @prel.loved maniacc pada umumnya telah sesuai dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 113/2017, tetapi mekanisme pelaksanaan tanggung jawab wakil masih perlu disempurnakan.
Analisis Pertimbangan Konsumsi Halal Mahasiswa Generasi Z dalam Persepektif Maqashid Syariah Silmi Camelia Ahmad; Arif Rijal Anshori; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 157-166
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25099

Abstract

Abstract. Halal product consumption is a religious obligation and a reflection of Muslim awareness, yet awareness does not always align with consistent consumption behavior. This study aims to analyze the understanding, awareness, and considerations of halal consumption among Generation Z students from the perspective of Maqashid Syariah. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach with in-depth interviews of ten informants from the Faculty of Dirasah Islamiyah, Universitas Islam Bandung, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. The findings reveal that students possess strong halal awareness in cognitive and affective dimensions, but a gap exists in the conative dimension due to situational factors such as time pressure and excessive security from living in a Muslim-majority environment, a novel finding rarely addressed in previous studies. From the Maqashid Syariah perspective, students' consumption behavior has aligned with the five maqashid dimensions (hifz ad-din, hifz an-nafs, hifz al-aql, hifz an-nasl, hifz al-mal), although implementation still needs strengthening. This research contributes to the study of halal consumption behavior by highlighting specific situational factors within an Islamic campus environment. Abstrak.  Konsumsi produk halal merupakan kewajiban syariat dan cerminan kesadaran Muslim, namun kesadaran tidak selalu sejalan dengan perilaku konsumsi yang konsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pemahaman, kesadaran, dan pertimbangan konsumsi halal mahasiswa Generasi Z serta meninjaunya dari perspektif Maqashid Syariah. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan wawancara mendalam kepada sepuluh informan dari Fakultas Dirasah Islamiyah Universitas Islam Bandung yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mahasiswa memiliki kesadaran halal yang kuat pada dimensi kognitif dan afektif, namun terdapat kesenjangan pada dimensi konatif akibat faktor situasional seperti terburu-buru dan rasa aman berlebih di lingkungan mayoritas Muslim, temuan kebaruan yang belum banyak diangkat. Dari perspektif Maqashid Syariah, perilaku konsumsi mahasiswa telah mengarah pada kelima dimensi maqashid (hifz ad-din, hifz an-nafs, hifz al-aql, hifz an-nasl, hifz al-mal), meskipun implementasi perlu diperkuat. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada kajian perilaku konsumsi halal dengan menyoroti faktor situasional spesifik di lingkungan kampus Islam.
Analisis Maqashid Syariah pada Implementasi ESG Bank Syariah Indonesia Putri Azzahra; Arif Rijal Anshori; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 199-208
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25220

Abstract

Abstract. This study analyzes the presentation of the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) report of Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) for the 2024 fiscal year using the Maqashid Syariah Index (MSI). The urgency of this research lies in the limited number of studies that directly apply maqashid syariah indicators to Islamic banks sustainability reports, despite regulatory encouragement through OJK Regulation No. 51/POJK.03/2017 on sustainable finance. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach through content analysis. The object of research is the 2024 BSI Sustainbility Report, obtained through documentation study. Data were processed by scoring 44 indicators developed form the Bedoui framework across eight maqashid elements using a binary system (1 for disclosed, 0 for undisclosed), which were then tabulated and converted into a percentage index. The results show that BSI disclosed 23 of 44 indicators, producing an MSI score of 52,27%, categorized as medium. The highest score was found in the Protection of Self objective (80,00%), while the lowest was in the Protection of Human Life objective (44,44%). The findings indicate that institutional and narrative disclosures are presented adequately, while technical-quantitative disclosures and those related to qad-al hasan remain limited. Abstrak. Penelitian ini menganalisis penyajian laporan Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) Tahun 2024 menggunakan Maqashid Syariah Index (MSI). Urgensi penelitian ini didasari oleh masih terbatasnya kajian yang secara langsung menerapkan indikator maqashid syariah untuk menilai laporan keberlanjutan bank syariah, meskipun regulator telah mendorong penerapannya melalui Peraturan OJK Nomor 51/POJK.03/2017 tentang Keuangan Berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitiatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis melalui teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Objek penelitian adalah Laporan Keberlanjutan BSI Tahun 2024 yang diperoleh melalui studi dokumentasi. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan penyekoran biner terhadap 44 indikator yang dikembangkan dari kerangka Bedoui pada delapan elemen maqashid (skor 1 jika terungkap, 0 jika tidak), yang selanjutnya ditabulasi dan dihitung menjadi persentase indeks. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan BSI mengungkapkan 23 dari 44 indikator, menghasilkan skor MSI sebesar 52,27% yang termasuk kategori sedang. Skor tertinggi diperoleh pada tujuan kunci Menjaga Diri Manusia (80,00%), sedangkan skor terendah pada tujuan kunci Menjaga Nilai Kehidupan Manusia (44,44%). Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa pengungkapan yang bersifat kelembagaan dan naratif telah disajikan secara memadai, sementara pengungkapan teknis-kuantitatif serta yang berkaitan dengan qard al-hasan masih terbatas.
Analisis Marketing Syariah terhadap Strategi Fake Order di Marketplace Shopee Mila Agustin; Arif Rijal Anshori; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 209-218
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25254

Abstract

Abstract. This study analyzes fake order practices in the Shopee marketplace from the perspective of Islamic marketing (marketing syariah). Fake order is a strategy used by sellers to artificially inflate transaction counts, ratings, and reviews to build store reputation. This research uses a qualitative approach with yuridis empiris method, involving three informants: Erhaa (fashion store), Woodnesia (wood paint store), and D.FO (professional fake order service provider). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews via Zoom, non-participatory observation of Shopee store pages, and documentation. The findings reveal two main mechanisms: delivery of original products (Erhaa) and delivery of substitute goods (Woodnesia and D.FO). Analysis based on four marketing syariah principles shows that all practices are not fully aligned with the principles of honesty, justice, transparency, and blessing. Regarding tadlis, fake order does not meet its technical elements because the marketplace acts as a mediator providing consumer protection through return mechanisms and dispute resolution. Regarding najasy, fake order does not fulfill classical fiqh elements of najasy because there is no manipulation that results in price increases that financially harm consumers. This study concludes that fake order evaluation must be proportional and differentiated based on the mechanism used. Abstrak. Penelitian ini menganalisis praktik fake order di marketplace Shopee dalam perspektif marketing syariah. Fake order merupakan strategi yang digunakan penjual untuk meningkatkan jumlah transaksi, rating, dan ulasan toko secara tidak organik. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode yuridis empiris, melibatkan tiga informan: Erhaa (toko fashion), Woodnesia (toko cat kayu), dan D.FO (penyedia jasa fake order). Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur via Zoom, observasi nonpartisipatif terhadap halaman toko Shopee, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan dua mekanisme utama: pengiriman produk asli (Erhaa) dan pengiriman barang pengganti (Woodnesia dan D.FO). Analisis berdasarkan empat prinsip marketing syariah menunjukkan seluruh praktik tidak sepenuhnya selaras dengan prinsip kejujuran, keadilan, transparansi, dan keberkahan. Dalam hal tadlis, fake order di marketplace tidak memenuhi unsur tadlis karena platform marketplace berperan sebagai mediator yang menyediakan perlindungan konsumen melalui mekanisme retur dan mediasi sengketa. Dalam hal najasy, fake order tidak memenuhi unsur najasy fikih klasik karena tidak terdapat rekayasa yang berdampak pada kenaikan harga yang merugikan konsumen secara finansial. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penilaian fake order harus proporsional dan dibedakan berdasarkan mekanisme yang digunakan, bukan diperlakukan seragam.
Analisis Fikih Muamalah dan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata) terhadap Transaksi Jual Beli Tanah Kolam Siti Sakinah Ainurrohimah; Redi Hadiyanto; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 269-276
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25688

Abstract

Abstract. The practice of fishpond land sale and purchase in Maparah Village, Ciamis Regency, was marked by a unilateral price increase from IDR 5,000,000 to IDR 6,500,000 per bata after the buyer had prepared the payment. This study aims to describe the practice, analyze it from the perspective of Islamic Commercial Law (Fiqh Muamalah) by emphasizing the principles of wa’ad and ghabn, and examine it based on the Indonesian Civil Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata). This research employed a qualitative method with a normative-empirical juridical approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, documentation, and library research. The findings indicate that, formally, the sale and purchase contract fulfilled the essential elements and legal requirements. However, the unilateral price increase reflected the inadequate implementation of the principle of wa’ad, indicated ghabn fahisy (gross price disparity), and showed that the buyer’s consent (ridha) was idhtirari (given under compulsion) rather than ikhtiyari (given voluntarily). From the perspective of the Indonesian Civil Code, the seller’s action cannot yet be classified as a breach of contract because there was no binding agreement regarding the final price and no formal notice of default (somasi) as required under Article 1238 of the Civil Code. Nevertheless, the seller’s conduct did not reflect the principle of good faith as stipulated in Article 1338 paragraph (3) of the Civil Code. This study concludes that although the transaction was completed amicably, the principles of justice, legal certainty, and good faith had not been fully realized. Abstrak. Praktik jual beli tanah kolam di Desa Maparah, Kabupaten Ciamis, ditandai dengan perubahan harga sepihak dari Rp5.000.000 menjadi Rp6.500.000 per bata setelah pembeli mempersiapkan dana. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan praktik tersebut, menganalisisnya berdasarkan perspektif Fikih Muamalah dengan menitikberatkan pada prinsip wa’ad dan konsep ghabn, serta meninjaunya berdasarkan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif-empiris. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara formal akad jual beli telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat, namun perubahan harga tersebut menunjukkan belum optimalnya penerapan prinsip wa’ad, mengindikasikan ghabn fahisy, serta ridha pembeli lebih bersifat idhtirari daripada ikhtiyari. Ditinjau dari KUHPerdata, tindakan tersebut belum dapat dinyatakan sebagai wanprestasi karena belum terdapat perjanjian yang mengikat mengenai harga dan tidak adanya somasi sebagaimana Pasal 1238 KUHPerdata. Meskipun demikian, tindakan tersebut belum mencerminkan asas itikad baik sebagaimana Pasal 1338 ayat (3) KUHPerdata. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun transaksi terlaksana secara damai, penerapan keadilan, kepastian hukum, dan itikad baik dalam transaksi belum sepenuhnya terwujud.
Program Zakat Produktif BAZNAS BMM Perspektif Yusuf Qardhawi: Analisis SWOT Sofi Andriani; Redi Hadiyanto; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 287-296
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i2.25725

Abstract

Abstract. This research is motivated by the great potential of zakat as an instrument for the economic empowerment of the ummah, although its utilization has tended to be consumptive. The BAZNAS Mosque-Based Microfinance (BMM) program in Tasikmalaya Regency is present as an effort to utilize zakat productively through a mosque-based micro-financing scheme. This study aims to analyze the concept of productive zakat according to the thought of Yusuf Qardhawi, to examine the management of the BMM program from the perspective of productive zakat, and to formulate its development strategy through a SWOT analysis. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and a literature study, then analyzed using the IFAS matrix, EFAS matrix, and the SWOT quadrant diagram. The results show that the BMM program is implemented through a qardhul hasan contract, namely a benevolent financing without any return, accompanied by business mentoring. Its implementation is in line with the five indicators of productive zakat according to Yusuf Qardhawi. The SWOT analysis obtained an IFAS score of 3.42 and an EFAS score of 3.00, placing the program in Quadrant I (Cell I), the growth and build position that demands an aggressive strategy of program development and strengthening. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh besarnya potensi zakat sebagai instrumen pemberdayaan ekonomi umat, meskipun pemanfaatannya selama ini masih cenderung bersifat konsumtif. Program BAZNAS Microfinance Masjid (BMM) di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya hadir sebagai upaya pendayagunaan zakat secara produktif melalui skema pembiayaan mikro berbasis masjid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep zakat produktif menurut pemikiran Yusuf Qardhawi, mengkaji pengelolaan Program BMM dalam perspektif zakat produktif, serta merumuskan strategi pengembangannya melalui analisis SWOT. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan matriks IFAS, EFAS, dan diagram kuadran SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Program BMM dilaksanakan melalui akad qardhul hasan, yaitu pembiayaan kebajikan tanpa imbalan yang disertai pendampingan usaha. Pelaksanaan program telah sejalan dengan lima indikator zakat produktif menurut Yusuf Qardhawi. Analisis SWOT memperoleh nilai IFAS sebesar 3,42 dan EFAS sebesar 3,00 sehingga program berada pada Kuadran I (Sel I), yaitu posisi growth and build yang menuntut strategi agresif berupa pengembangan dan penguatan program.
Etika Bisnis dan Ju’alah pada Praktik Affiliate Marketing Muhammad Rusydi Alghifari; N Eva Fauziah; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 121-130
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.19250

Abstract

Abstract. With the advancement of information and communication technology, affiliate marketing has emerged as a commission-based digital marketing strategy that allows individuals to earn income by promoting products without owning them. In Indonesia, this model has grown rapidly through platforms such as Shopee and TikTok. Despite its economic potential, its implementation often raises ethical concerns, including misleading information and promotion of products with unclear benefits. This study aims to examine how affiliate marketing is practiced by affiliators in Desa Biru and assess its compliance with the Ju’alah contract from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence and DSN MUI Fatwa No. 62/DSN-MUI/IX/2007. An empirical approach was used by conducting in-depth interviews with five active affiliators, with data analyzed normatively based on classical fiqh and the aforementioned fatwa. The findings show that affiliate marketing generally fulfills the pillars of a Ju’alah contract, including the presence of a reward-giver, executor, specific task (promotion), and defined outcome (purchase). However, some practices remain inconsistent with Islamic ethics, such as promoting products with elements of gharar and failing to verify authenticity. These practices contradict the Islamic principles of honesty, transparency, and responsibility in business transactions. Abstrak. Seiring perkembangan teknologi informasi, affiliate marketing menjadi strategi pemasaran digital berbasis komisi yang memungkinkan individu memperoleh penghasilan melalui promosi produk tanpa harus memilikinya. Di Indonesia, model ini berkembang pesat melalui platform seperti Shopee dan TikTok. Meski menjanjikan secara ekonomi, praktiknya kerap menimbulkan persoalan etika, seperti informasi menyesatkan dan promosi produk yang tidak jelas manfaatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui praktik affiliate marketing di Desa Biru serta menilai kesesuaiannya dengan akad Ju’alah menurut fikih muamalah dan Fatwa DSN MUI Nomor 62/DSN-MUI/IX/2007. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan empiris melalui wawancara terhadap lima afiliator aktif, dan dianalisis secara normatif berdasarkan literatur fikih dan fatwa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik affiliate marketing secara rukun telah memenuhi unsur akad Ju’alah, seperti adanya pemberi imbalan, pelaksana, pekerjaan tertentu, dan hasil yang ditentukan. Namun, ditemukan ketidaksesuaian, seperti promosi produk mengandung unsur gharar dan kurangnya verifikasi terhadap produk yang dipasarkan. Hal ini bertentangan dengan prinsip kejujuran, keterbukaan, dan tanggung jawab yang ditekankan dalam fikih muamalah.
Tinjauan Fikih Muamalah terhadap Hak Tasharruf dalam Praktik Gadai Motor Kredit Muhamad Iqbal Alhafid; N Eva Fauziah; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 141-148
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.19425

Abstract

Abstract. The main issue in the practice of pawning financed motorcycles at the Used Iron Sales Place owned by Mr. Maman is the lack of public understanding regarding ownership rights and the right to utilize pawned goods (ḥaqq al-taṣarruf). This often occurs because the pawners face urgent financial needs, prompting them to pawn their financed motorcycles as a quick way to obtain money. This study aims to explore the practice of pawning financed motorcycles at Mr. Maman’s place and to analyze it from the perspective of Islamic commercial law (fiqh muamalah), particularly regarding the concept of ḥaqq al-taṣarruf. The research uses a qualitative method with a case study and normative-empirical approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with both pawnbrokers (murtahin) and pawners (rahin), and analyzed using Miles & Huberman’s interactive model through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that pawning financed motorcycles is invalid in Islamic law because the pawned item is not fully owned by the pawner. The ownership is still tied to the leasing company. This practice brings more harm than benefit and poses high risk to the parties involved. Therefore, such practices should not be normalized to prevent future harm. Abstrak. Permasalahan utama dalam praktik gadai motor kredit di Tempat Penjualan Besi Tua Pak Maman adalah kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat mengenai hak kepemilikan dan hak tasharruf (pemanfaatan barang gadai). Kondisi ini sering terjadi karena penggadai memiliki kebutuhan mendesak sehingga memilih menggadaikan motor yang masih dalam masa kredit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan praktik gadai tersebut dan menganalisisnya dari perspektif fikih muamalah, khususnya terkait hak tasharruf. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan normatif-empiris. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pihak yang terlibat, yaitu murtahin dan rahin, serta dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggadaian motor kredit belum sah menurut fikih karena motor belum sepenuhnya dimiliki oleh rahin (penggadai), sebab masih dalam proses angsuran di lembaga leasing. Oleh karena itu, praktik ini bertentangan dengan syarat sahnya gadai dalam Islam dan berpotensi menimbulkan kerugian bagi para pihak. Maka, disarankan agar masyarakat tidak membiasakan praktik gadai dengan jaminan motor kredit.
Analisis Hukum Islam terhadap Jual Beli Tanah Virtual di Metaverse Saddam Fajar Islami; Redi Hadiyanto; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 167-174
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.19604

Abstract

Abstract. The advancement of digital technology has led to the emergence of virtual land trading within metaverse platforms such as The Sandbox, using blockchain systems and NFTs as proof of ownership. This phenomenon raises legal questions in Islamic law, as the traded object is intangible (virtual), creating concerns about the validity of the al-bai’ contract. This study aims to analyze the practice of virtual land transactions from the perspective of Islamic law, particularly based on the pillars and legal conditions of sale and purchase according to the four classical schools of thought and contemporary scholars. The research uses a qualitative method with a normative and descriptive approach. The object of research is the practice of virtual land transactions in The Sandbox. Data were collected through literature review and in-depth interviews with virtual landowners, then analyzed using inductive reasoning and content analysis. The results show that as long as virtual land has clear benefits, identifiable characteristics, ownership by the seller, and can be transferred, its sale and purchase can be justified under Islamic law. However, caution is still required due to the potential for gharar if there is a lack of clarity regarding the benefit or the contract. Abstrak. Perkembangan teknologi digital telah memunculkan fenomena jual beli tanah virtual dalam platform metaverse, seperti The Sandbox, yang menggunakan sistem blockchain dan aset NFT sebagai bukti kepemilikan. Fenomena ini menjadi problematika dalam perspektif hukum Islam karena objek yang diperdagangkan bersifat tidak nyata (virtual), sehingga menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai keabsahan akad al-bai’. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis praktik jual beli tanah virtual dalam tinjauan hukum Islam, khususnya berdasarkan rukun dan syarat sah jual beli menurut empat mazhab serta pendapat ulama kontemporer. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan normatif dan deskriptif. Objek penelitian adalah praktik jual beli tanah virtual di The Sandbox. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dan wawancara mendalam dengan pemilik tanah virtual, kemudian dianalisis dengan pendekatan induktif dan analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama tanah virtual memiliki manfaat, diketahui sifatnya, dimiliki oleh penjual, dan dapat diserahterimakan, maka praktik jual belinya dapat dibenarkan secara syariah. Namun demikian, tetap diperlukan kehati-hatian karena potensi gharar masih mungkin terjadi apabila tidak ada kejelasan manfaat atau akad.
Analisis Akad Mudharabah terhadap Bisnis Peternakan Hanur Arifin; Zaini Abdul Malik; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 193-200
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.19656

Abstract

Abstract. This research is motivated by the practice of sheep farming partnerships in Genteng Village, Cipongkor District, commonly known as the paro domba system. This system represents a traditional and informal partnership between the capital owner (shahibul maal) and the livestock farmer (mudharib), without any written agreement. The capital owner provides the livestock, while all operational costs and potential losses are borne by the farmer. Such a practice creates an imbalance of responsibilities, which contradicts the fundamental principles of the mudharabah contract in Islamic economic law—namely justice, risk-sharing, and contractual clarity from the outset. This study aims to describe the practice and analyze its compliance with the principles of mudharabah in Islam. A descriptive qualitative method with a normative approach was used, employing interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that the paro domba system does not yet reflect a sharia-compliant mudharabah contract, as the profit-sharing mechanism is not accompanied by fair risk distribution. Therefore, there is a need for education and structural improvements in the contractual system to align it with sharia values of justice. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh praktik kerja sama peternakan domba di Desa Genteng, Kecamatan Cipongkor, yang dikenal dengan istilah “paro domba”. Sistem ini merupakan bentuk kemitraan antara pemilik modal (shahibul maal) dan peternak (mudharib) yang dilakukan secara tradisional dan informal, tanpa perjanjian tertulis. Pemilik modal hanya menyediakan hewan ternak, sementara seluruh biaya operasional dan risiko kerugian ditanggung peternak. Praktik ini menimbulkan ketimpangan tanggung jawab yang tidak sejalan dengan prinsip dasar akad mudharabah dalam hukum ekonomi syariah, yang mengedepankan keadilan, pembagian risiko, dan kejelasan akad sejak awal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan praktik kerja sama tersebut serta menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip-prinsip akad mudharabah dalam Islam. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan normatif, melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem “paro domba” belum mencerminkan akad mudharabah yang sesuai syariah, karena adanya pembagian hasil yang tidak diiringi dengan pembagian risiko yang adil. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan edukasi dan perbaikan sistem akad agar sesuai dengan nilai-nilai keadilan syariah.
Co-Authors Abdurrafi Muhammad Azra Abna Haniif Novel Agung Aji Purnama Ahmad Zaini, Abdul Malik dan Akhmad Yusup Alpiah Trisna Dewi Alpiah Trisna Dewi Anisatul Afidah Annisa Aulya Maksum Anugrah Syabana Putra Arif Rijal Anshori Asep Ramdan Hidayat Daffa Ilfandi Dzakwan Putra Dandy Laksana Utama Deden Gandana Madjakusumah Deliya Fadilatul Ihsani Diana Puji Ambarwati Dwi Puspita Sari Eva Fauziah Eva Fauziah Eva Misbah Bayuni Eva Misfah Bayuni Fahmi Ichsan Firdaus Faisal Zidan Fadlillah Fakhar Muhammad Fauzan Fauziah, N. Eva Fazira Agustina Febriadi, Sandy Rizki Fidela Aziza Epi Gita Sonia Saraswati Saraswati Hanifah Rahmah Hanur Arifin Hery Widijanto Hilda Fauziah Hilman Baihaqqi Ifa Hanifia Senjiati Ikbal Ramadhan Irma Yulita Silviany Iwan Permana Krisna Aditia Putra Mahdiya Hasti Humayya Maman Surahman Mauladi, Mochammad Syukria Mila Agustin Muhamad Ikhsan Gunawan Mubarok Muhamad Iqbal Alhafid Muhammad Rusydi Alghifari Muhammad Yunus N Eva Fauziah Nanik Epriyanti Nendiarti Juniar Nur Athiyah Rizqi Nur Wardatul Laela Afifah Nur Wardatul Laela Afifah Nurul Fida Panji Adam Agus Putra Popon Srisusilawati Putri Azzahra Raissya Salsabilla Febriadhanie Redi Hadiyanto Reynald Hafizd Saddam Fajar Islami Silmi Camelia Ahmad Siska Lis Sulistiani Siti Sakinah Ainurrohimah Sofi Andriani Syahla Alfiyah Udin Saripudin Winda Widya Rahma Zaini Abdul Malik