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The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Chronic Kidney Disease In Indonesian Population In 2014-2015 (Data Analysis of IFLS 5) Simanjuntak, Tri Damayanti; Wahyono, Tri Yunis Miko
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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The Global Burden of Disease research in 2010 reveal that cases of chronic kidney disease increase and became a serious health problem. Indonesia Basic Health Research data in 2013 reveal that the proportion of patients with chronic kidney failure aged > 15 years old based on doctor’s diagnosis was 0,2% and 0,6% kidney stones. The study aimed to analyze the relationship be tween type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in the population of Indonesia in 2014-2015. This design of research used cross-sectional and secondary data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5. The minimum sample size in this study was 792 people with technique used total sampling, which found 34,012 people who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Indonesia population in 2014 – 2015 was 1%. The result of chi-square test of the rela tionship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in the Indonesian population showed POR=2.48 (95%CI 1.422-4.071; p-value =0.0002). Multivariate analysis with logis tic regression tests POR 1.88 (95% CI 1.124 - 3.168; p-value = 0.016) after smoking status and history of high cholesterol were controlled. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus expects to make appropriate treatment efforts to prevent complications of chronic kidney disease.
Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Leptospirosis di 2 Kabupaten Lokasi Surveilans Sentinel Leptospirosis Provinsi Banten tahun 2017 – 2019 Ariani, Novie; Wahyono, Tri Yunis Miko
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Leptospirosis termasuk dalam zoonosis, penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Leptopira. Terjadinya kasus leptopsirosis terkait erat dengan rantai penularan, dan rantai penularan leptospirosis terkait dengan banyak faktor. Faktor risiko leptospirosis dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam 3 kelompok utama: faktor hewan, faktor lingkungan, dan faktor manusia. Banten yang merupakan daerah endemis Leptospirosis, terpilih untuk menjadi lokasi surveilans Sentinel Leptospirosis, tepatnya berlokasi di Kab, Tangerang dan Kab. Serang. Penelitian tentang leptospirosis masih sangat jarang dilakukan di provinsi Banten, maka dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian leptospirosis di 2 kabupaten lokasi surveilans sentinel leptopspirosis provinsi Banten selama tahun 2017 – 2019. Rancangan penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan populasi sampel adalah suspek Leptospirosis di lokasi Sentinel. Penelitian dilakukan dengan data dari Sentinel Leptospirosis di Kab. Serang dan Kab. Tangerang selama tahun 2017 – 2019. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh suspek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Variabel yang di teliti adalah kejadian Leptospirosis, jenis kelamin, umur, pekerjaan, keberadaan tikus, tempat penyimpanan makanan, keberadaan hewan peliharaan, keberadaan hewan ternak, rumah banjir, kontak air tergenang, aktivitas di air/sungai, membersihkan saluran air dan membersihkan sampah. Dilakukan analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan menggunakan regresi logistik. Dari hasil penelitian di dapat hasil faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian leptospirosis di 2 kabupaten lokasi surveilas sentinel Leptospirosis di Provinsi Banten tahun 2017 – 2019 adalah jenis kelamin POR 2,2 95%CI: 1,099 - 4,327 , umur POR 0,13 95%CI: 0,134 - 0,523, penyimpanan makanan tertutup POR 0,44 95%CI: 1,012 - 5,109, keberadaan tikus POR 4,08 95%CI : 1,738 - 9,566, keberadaan hewan peliharaan POR 2,24 95%CI: 1,104 - 4,544 dan k
Epidemiologi Difteri di Indonesia Tahun 2020-2022: Distribusi Kasus, Tingkat Keparahan Gejala, Riwayat Imunisasi dan Risiko Kematian Fardani, Sekar Astrika; Wahyono, Tri Yunis Miko
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 7, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Difteri menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kematian anak dan dewasa pada era pre-vaksin. Insiden difteri secara global kembali meningkat pada beberapa tahun terakhir dengan case fatality rate (CFR) mencapai 10%. Manusia tidak memiliki kekebalan alami terhadap difteri, sehingga pemberian imunisasi sangat penting untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap infeksi difteri, mengurangi tingkat keparahan dan risiko kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran distribusi kasus, tingkat keparahan gejala, riwayat imunisasi difteri dan risiko kematian pada penderita difteri di Indonesia tahun 2020 s.d 2022. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain studi cross-sectional dengan menggunakan data sekunder laporan kasus difteri nasional tahun 2020 s.d 2022. Dari 563 responden, studi kami menunjukkan penderita difteri paling banyak berusia 5 s.d 17 tahun (53,8%), laki-laki (55,8%) dan memiliki riwayat imunisasi difteri tidak lengkap/ tidak diimunisasi sama sekali (75,8%). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa penderita difteri dengan gejala berat memiliki kemungkinan 2,30 (aOR 2,30; 95%CI 1,32-4,01) kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami kematian dibandingkan penderita difteri dengan gejala ringan, sedangkan pada penderita difteri dengan riwayat imunisasi tidak ada/ tidak lengkap memiliki kemungkinan 2,70 (aOR 2,70; 95%CI 1,16-6,25) kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami kematian dibandingkan penderita difteri dengan riwayat imunisasi difteri lengkap setelah dikontrol variabel umur, hasil kultur spesimen C.diphtheria dan tingkat keparahan gejala. Dengan mengetahui distribusi kasus, tingkat keparahan gejala, riwayat imunisasi difteri dan risiko kematian pada penderita difteri, diharapkan pencegahan dan pengendalian difteri dapat dilakukan lebih optimal oleh pemerintah melalui kolaborasi dengan tokoh masyarakat, tokoh agama, akademisi, para ahli, Non-Government Organization dan dan pihak swasta terkait sehingga dapat menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas akibat difteri.
Analisis Potensial Kejadian Luar Biasa DBD Berdasarkan Kasus DBD 5 Tahun Terakhir 2019-2024 : Studi Ekologi di Kota Lubuklinggau Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Anggraini, Sely; Wahyono, Tri Yunis Miko; Fitria, Fitria; Putri, Nadia
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 9, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an endemic disease in Indonesia, with a high potential for outbreaks, particularly in tropical and densely populated regions such as Lubuklinggau City. This study aimed to assess the outbreak potential of DHF in Lubuklinggau by analyzing the five-year trend of minimum and maximum case numbers (2019–2023) and comparing them with 2024 data using the epidemic threshold approach. A descriptive ecological study design was employed, with all primary health centers (puskesmas) in the city as units of analysis. Data sources included annual DHF surveillance reports from the District Health Office, field observations, demographic data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), and rainfall distribution maps from the South Sumatra Meteorological Agency (BMKG). The findings revealed a significant increase in DHF cases in 2024, with a total of 284 cases and a monthly average of 23.67, exceeding the epidemic threshold of 16.85. Outbreak conditions were identified in six months: April, May, July, August, November, and December. Exceptionally high rainfall in November 2024 is suspected to have contributed to the spike in cases observed in December. The highest number of cases occurred in the service area of the Citra Medika Health Center, which has the second-highest population density in the city. The main risk factors identified included inadequate mosquito breeding site control (PSN) practices and limited laboratory diagnostic capacity. These results underscore the need to strengthen active surveillance at the primary healthcare level, implement widespread public education on the 3M Plus strategy, enhance community participation in larval monitoring and vector control activities, and improve laboratory capacity to support early diagnosis and effective outbreak response. Keywords : Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Outbreak, Surveillance, Lubuklinggau, Ecological Study
Analisis Masalah Penyakit Menular Prioritas Di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Rizaldi, Mohamad; Wahyono, Tri Yunis Miko; Suardiyasa, I Made
Preventif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): Volume 13 No.1 (2022)
Publisher : Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/preventif.v13i1.464

Abstract

Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah masih menghadapi masalah penyakit endemis seperti Sistosomiasis serta KLB yang rutin terjadi menambah permasalahan penyakit menular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menentukan masalah penyakit menular prioritas serta penyebab penyakit menular prioritas. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2020 hingga Februari 2021 di Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan mereview profil kesehatan tahun 2015-2019 dan data terkait lainnya. Prioritas masalah menggunakan metode PAHO-Adapted-Hanlon dan analisis penyebab masalah prioritas menggunakan metode Root Cause Analysis. Hasil Identifikasi masalah penyakit menular di Provinsi Sulteng yaitu CNR TB 220/100.000 penduduk dengan CFR 3,5%. Kasus HIV sebanyak 1811 kasus dan AIDS sebanyak 913 kasus dengan CFR 7%. Prevalensi Kusta 0,83/100.000 penduduk. Cakupan penemuan kasus pneumonia balita hanya 55,3% dengan CFR 0,12%, IR diare 17,3/1000 penduduk. API Malaria sudah mencapai 0,04/1000 penduduk. Kasus GHPR 3461 kasus dengan kasus Rabies Lyssa 8 kasus. IR Filariasis 6,3/100.000 penduduk dengan CFR 2,1%. PR Sistosomiasis pada manusia 0,1% sedangkan pada keong 2,5%. Hanya 1 kasus difteri yang ditemukan, terdapat 5 kasus Rubella dan tidak ada kasus campak. AFP rate 2,17/100.000 penduduk. Dari uraian tersebut, prioritas masalah penyakit menular di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah yaitu Tuberkulosis (skor: 35,7), Rabies (Skor: 26,2) dan Demam Berdarah Dengue (Skor:24,5). Diharapkan dapat meningkatkan angka penemuan kasus TB dan jumlah layanan TB-RO, meningkatkan jumlah rabies center dan pengetahuan masyarakat terkait rabies serta meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terkait PSN.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Hepatitis B Patients in Jakarta, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study Arkok, Hashem S.; Wahyono, Tri Yunis Miko; Prihartono, Nurhayati Adnan; Aldila, Dipo
Kesmas Vol. 21, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Hepatitis B remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of hepatitis B patients in Jakarta to identify gaps in prevention and control and to explore relationships among KAP components. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 128 patients at a government hospital in South Jakarta, using a structured questionnaire that collected demographic information and assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding hepatitis B transmission and prevention. Despite moderate knowledge levels, major gaps remained. Only a small proportion (10.9%) correctly identified common symptoms, transmission routes (10.2%), and possible complications (18.8%). Misconceptions about transmission and vaccine safety were common, although attitudes toward early diagnosis and treatment were generally positive. Practices also fell within a moderate range; notably, 46.1% of respondents still shared personal items that could facilitate transmission. Higher education, vaccination, income, and awareness participation were associated with better knowledge, attitudes, and practices. There were positive correlations among knowledge, attitude, and practice scores, indicating that better knowledge may lead to improved behaviors. In conclusion, the study reveals persistent misconceptions and behaviors that continue to place hepatitis B patients at risk, despite generally positive attitudes toward care.
Analysis of Priority Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Using the PAHO-Adapted Hanlon Method in Bogor City in 2024 Ketaren, Sonia Annisa Br; Wahyono, Tri Yunis Miko; Kusnadi, Bai
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) remain a major public health challenge despite substantial progress in immunization programs. In Indonesia, routine immunization coverage has shown a post-pandemic recovery trend; however, disparities in access to health services and surveillance quality persist across regions. This study aimed to determine priority VPD problems in Bogor City and identify factors contributing to the highest-ranked disease. A mixed-methods study was conducted in Bogor City from October 2024 to January 2025. Quantitative prioritization was performed using the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)-adapted Hanlon method across eight VPDs. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants and analyzed thematically. Findings were presented using an Ishikawa diagram. Hepatitis B was identified as the highest-priority VPD (10.91), followed by cervical cancer (9.21) and measles (6.44). Factors contributing to the persistence of hepatitis B included limited public awareness, incomplete surveillance and contact tracing, suboptimal intersectoral coordination, inadequate monitoring and reporting systems, and insufficient program support. The PAHO-adapted Hanlon method provides a structured framework for evidence-based priority setting. Strengthening hepatitis B control requires improved health literacy, strengthened surveillance systems, enhanced intersectoral collaboration, and optimized monitoring and evaluation. Keywords: Vaccine-preventable diseases, Health priority setting, Hepatitis B, Hanlon method, Public health surveillance
Tantangan Pelaksanaan Program Prevention Of Mother To Child Transmission (PMTCT): Systematic Review Nurjanah, Nimas Ayu Lestari; Wahyono, Tri Yunis Miko
Jurnal Kesehatan Vokasional Vol 4, No 1 (2019): February
Publisher : Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkesvo.41998

Abstract

Background: HIV / AIDS is still a global health problem which needs to be addressed including prevention of HIV / AIDS transmission from mother to child. Prevention of transmission is carried out by implementing the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission or PMTCT program. The PMTCT program is considered successful in reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission, but this has not been done well and thoroughly, various kinds of challenges have occurred in the implementation of the PMTCT program.Objective: To know the challenges that occur in implementing the PMTCT programMethod: This study uses a systematic review based on Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA)  to identify all the literature published using relevant keywords.Results: challenges in implementing the PMTCT program are the lack of information on HIV treatment, lack of family support, the heavy workload experienced by health workers and the limited availability of HIV testing equipment and drug stocks.Conclusion:  The success of efforts to prevent HIV / AIDS transmission from mother to child does not depend on one party only, but involves several parties, the active role of health workers in providing education and information about HIV / AIDS to mothers and their families is not enough but must be added with active roles and support from family members to HIV mothers as the primary motivator for good behavior in accordance with the guidelines for PMTCT.