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Pra-Desain Pabrik Pupuk NPK dari DAP, ZA, dan KCL dengan Metode Mixed Acid Route Berkapasitas 500.000 Ton/Tahun Fadhil Kusuma Atmadja; Wirantia Hanan Febrilla; Tri Widjaja
Jurnal Teknik ITS Vol 10, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (DRPM), ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23373539.v10i2.71887

Abstract

Dalam usaha untuk mewujudkan swasembada pangan di Indonesia yang merupakan negara agraris, industri pupuk merupakan salah satu sektor penunjang pertanian. Pupuk NPK sangat banyak digunakan dalam sektor perkebunan karena memiliki banyak kelebihan dibanding pupuk lainnya, antara lain harga murah, praktis, dan komposisi yang bisa disesuaikan. Pada pra-desain pabrik ini kami akan mendesain pabrik pupuk NPK baru yang mempunyai kapasitas cukup besar untuk menutupi defisit yang terjadi. Dipilih metode Mixed Acid Route karena memiliki banyak keuntungan, yaitu kapasitas produksi jumlah besar dengan berbagai macam grade pupuk, produk lebih seragam, dan dapat terus beroperasi secara kontinyu. Konfigurasi proses pembuatan pupuk NPK terdiri dari tahap persiapan bahan baku, netralisasi, granulasi, pengeringan, pengayakan, pendinginan dan pelapisan produk. Target kapasitas produksi pupuk NPK kami adalah 500.000 ton/tahun. Sumber dana investasi pabrik ini berasal dari modal sendiri sebesar 30% biaya investasi dan pinjaman jangka pendek sebesar 70% biaya investasi dengan bunga sebesar 9,95% per tahun. Dari analisis perhitungan ekonomi didapat hasil-hasil sebagai berikut, dimana nilai Investasi: 446.251.197.675 IDR, Internal Rate of Return: 27,5 %, Pay Out Time: 3,59 Tahun, Break Even Point: 49,69%, dan NPV: 610.932.852.290,76 IDR. Secara keseluruhan pabrik ini layak untuk didirikan.
The Effect of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Medicinal Plant Extract Addition on Glucose Detection Dennis Farina Nury; Tri Widjaja; Fredy Kurniawan
Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS Vol 8, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LPPM), ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (442.728 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j23373520.v8i2.49944

Abstract

The potential of binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) medicinal plant extract as glucose biosensor have been analyzed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) method. Glucose biosensor was prepared by modified electropolymerization technique of polypyrrole (PPy) to the active materials, such as binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis on the surface of gold electrode. Modified pyrrole polymerization was conducted at potential -1.3 to +1.3 V using voltammetry method with sweep rate 50mV/s for 30 cycles at pH 6.8. The performance of the modified sensor was tested in samples: glucose, urea, ascorbic acid and uric acid at the same concentration 10 mM, respectively. All samples were analysed using cyclic voltammetry method from -1.3 to +1.3 V with sweep rate of 50 mV/s in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at neutral condition (pH 7) room temperature. The best response of polypyrrole-binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis)-modified gold electrode was obtained during glucose measurement. No response detected from urea, ascorbic acid and uric acid. The result was proved that the modified electrode has a good potential for selective electrochemical sensor in determination of glucose.
Reaction kinetics of lactic acid fermentation from bitter cassava (Manihot glaziovii) starch by Lactobacillus casei Setiyo Gunawan; Nurul Rahmawati; Rona Bening Larasati; Ira Dwitasari; Hakun Wirawasista Aparamarta; Tri Widjaja
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.54119

Abstract

One of the utilizations of bitter cassava is modified cassava flour (Mocaf) production using the fermentation process by Lactobacillus casei. The Mocaf has potential as the future of food security products. It has a characteristic property similar to wheat flour. Lactic acid was also produced as a by‐product during fermentation. After 40 h of fermentation, the proximate composition content of Mocaf was lactic acid content of 0.000928 g/L, hydrogen cyanide levels of 0.02 ppm, starch content of 59.13%, amylose content of 12.98% and amylopectin content of 46.15%. In the scaling‐up process from a laboratory scale to a pilot and industrial scale, modeling is needed. There are five equation models used to describe the kinetic reactions of lactic acid from bitter cassava starch: Monod, Moser, Powell, Blackman, and Product Inhibitor. Each parameter was being searched by a fitting curve using sigmaplot 12.0. The best result in terms of the highest R2 (0.65913) was obtained in the Powell equation with the value of µmax of 1.668/h, Ks of 123.4 g/L, and maintenance rate (m) of 4.672. The kinetic data obtained can be used to design biochemical reactors for industrial scale Mocaf flour production.
An Efficient Method for the Production of Biodiesel from Rice Bran Siti Zullaikah; Yulia T. Rakhadima; M. Rachimoellah; Tri Widjaja; Sumarno Sumarno
IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series Vol 1, No 1 (2014): International Seminar on Applied Technology, Science, and Arts (APTECS) 2013
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23546026.y2014i1.321

Abstract

A modified in situ esterification was employed for the economic competitiveness of biodiesel production from rice bran.  The effects of methanol to rice bran ratio, acid catalysts, and reaction time on the biodiesel yield and purity were investigated. Biodiesel yield and purity of 17.99% and 67.04%, respectively, were obtained used acid catalyst (H2SO4) of 2.37%, ratio of methanol and rice bran of 15 (mL/g), and 5 h of reaction time.  Recovery of crude biodiesel obtained was 92.45%. Based on the proposed method, the production process of biodiesel could be simplified and improved; therefore, the production cost probably could be reduced further.
A Performance Study of Home-Made Co-Immobilized Lipase from Mucor miehei in Polyurethane Foam on The Hydrolysis of Coconut Oil to Fatty Acid Dwina Moentamaria; Maktum Muharja; Tri Widjaja; Arief Widjaja
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 2 Year 2019 (August 2019)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1034.618 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.2.3848.391-403

Abstract

Bio‐based fatty acids (FAs) produced through hydrolysis of natural oils and fats are promising chemical feedstocks for increasing  the economic value of renewable raw materials. In this work, lecithin, gelatin, PEG, and MgCl2 were employed as the co-immobilized material of crude lipase Mucor miehei immobilization on the polyurethane foam (PUF) matrix for hydrolysis of coconut oil to Free Fatty Acid (FFA). The unconventional immobilized technique was used through cross-linking and covalent bond. Single factor analysis and response surface method were utilized to determine the optimum conditions of the hydrolysis reaction. After optimization, co-immobilized lipase was examined for storage stability at a temperature of 4°C and reusability performance. The optimum conditions for coconut oil hydrolysis were obtained on the co-immobilized-PUF ratio, water-oil ratio, and reaction time of 20.17 w/w, 4.45 w/w, and 20 h, respectively. Under these conditions, the acid value as lauric acid enhanced 573% to 3.21 mg KOH/g oil. Storage stability attained through remaining activity on free lipase, PUF-lipase, PUF-co-immobilized-lipase were 9.89%, 42.3%, and 91.88%, respectively. In this study, the application of PUF-co-immobilized lipase in hydrolysis reactions can be reused up to 5 times. Characteristics of the addition of co-immobilized lipase have been analyzed using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), showing the presence of functional groups binding and the changes in the surface matrix structure. 
Fraksinasi Lignoselulosa dari TKKS dengan Metode Steam Explosion Pretreatment Disertai Penambahan Asam Formiat Bayu Yusuf Eka Saputra; Muhammad Fakhrizal Fahmi; Tri Widjaja
Jurnal Teknik ITS Vol 11, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (DRPM), ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23373539.v11i2.89395

Abstract

Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit merupakan salah satu limbah dari kelapa sawit yang sering kali kurang begitu dilirik untuk dimanfaatkan, sehingga produk samping ini hanya sering dijadikan limbah industri kelapa sawit. Berdasarkan data dari Badan Pusat Statistik, produksi kelapa sawit semakin meningkat dengan rata-rata 9,471% setiap tahun, oleh karenanya limbah TKKS yang dihasilkan juga meningkat tiap tahun. Terdapat tiga fraksi penting yang terkandung di dalam TKKS yaitu selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin yang masing-masing memiliki nilai ekonomis sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan lebih lanjut. dalam produksi energi terbarukan berupa biohidrogen serta bioetanol. Steam explosion merupakan salah satu metode pretreatment lignoselulosa dengan menggunakan uap bertekanan tinggi. Dalam proses ini, biomassa diperlakukan dengan uap panas (180 hingga 240°C) diikuti dengan peningkatan tekanan secara drastis yang kemudian uap tersebut diledakkan ke atmosfer sehingga tekanan akan kembali secara cepat. Pelepasan tekanan tiba-tiba menghasilkan aksesibilitas yang lebih baik dari selulosa untuk hidrolisis enzimatik dan fermentasi. Diharapkan pabrik fraksinasi TKKS ini dapat memenuhi kebutuhan etanol Indonesia sebesar 27,4%, sehingga direncanakan pabrik ini beroperasi dengan asumsi 330 hari produksi dan waktu kerja pabrik 20 jam/hari. Proses fraksinasi lignoselulosa ini terdiri dari 2 dua unit proses yang digolongkan berdasarkan fungsi utama dari keseluruhan proses. Unit pertama ialah pre-treatment dan unit kedua ialah fraksinasi bertujuan untuk memisahkan tiga senyawa lignoselulosa yakni selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin ke dalam 3 aliran yang terpisah sebagai produk dari pabrik ini. Pabrik fraksinasi lignoselulosa dari TKKS ini didirikan di Kawasan Industri Dumai, dengan pertimbangan ketersediaan bahan, lokasi pemasaran, ketersediaan air, dan lain-lain. Dari analisa perhitungan ekonomi didapat hasil berupa IRR sebesar 24,33%, POT yaitu 4,48 tahun, dan BEP sebesar 28,86%. Secara keseluruhan, rata-rata %IRR, BEP dan POT masih menunjukkan bahwa pabrik ini layak untuk didirikan.
PENGARUH POROSITAS PACKING STEEL WOOL TERHADAP PRESSURE DROP DIDALAM PACKED BED COLUMN PADA DISTILASI CAMPURAN ETANOL-AMIL-ALKOHOL-AIR Trisna Kumala Dhaniswara; Tri Widjaja; Ali Altway
Journal of Research and Technology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2016): JRT Volume 1 No 1 Jun 2016
Publisher : 2477 - 6165

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Inventories of petroleum fuels are increasingly depleted and will someday run out. These shortcomings can be overcome by using alternative fuels, such as ethanol. Based on this, it is necessary to research and development of ethanol as a fuel. One way is with a separation in a packed distillation column. This study aims to assess the mass transfer phenomena that occur in the process of distilling a mixture of ethanol-water-amyl alcohol packed in column. In addition, this study aims to optimize temperature and reflux to obtain the highest levels of ethanol. This research method uses packed bed distillation system with the batch process. Feed used is synthetic ethanol, water, and solvent. Solvent used were amyl alcohol. Doing distillation with heating temperature is maintained. Distillation is done in the packing of stainless steel wool. Research carried out in a batch process with a variable temperature of 79°C; 84°C; 91°C; and porosity packing 20%; 30%; 40%; 50%; 60%; 70%; 80%.
Desain Taman Teknologi Herbal dan Website Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Promosi Tanaman dan Produk Herbal di Daerah Batu Arman Hakim Nasution; Tri Widjaja; Jerry Dwi Trijoyo Purnomo; Arfan Fahmi; Prahardika Prihananto
Sewagati Vol 5 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Pusat Publikasi ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1344.396 KB)

Abstract

Dari 40.000 jenis tanaman obat yang ada di Dunia, ada sekitar 75% tanaman berada di Indonesia. Namun, cukup sedikit tanaman obat yang sudah dimanfaatkan. Saat ini Kementerian Pertanian memiliki program pengembangan Taman Teknologi Pertanian (TTP). Program ini pada akhirnya menciptakan sebuah ide “Science Park dan Techno Park”. Desa Oro-Oro Ombo Kota Batu merupakan salah satu lokasi yang cocok untuk adanya pengembangan Taman Teknologi Pertanian karena seiring berjalannya waktu, sektor pariwisata di daerah sekitar semakin bertambah dan banyak warga yang beralih profesi. Dengan dikembangkannya TTP di Desa Oro-Oro Ombo diharapkan potensi herbal setempat dapat dikembangkan dan warga dapat turut andil dalam prosesnya. Untuk mencapai tujuan dan mendapatkan manfaat yang telah dirumuskan sebelumnya, pelaksanaan desain taman teknologi dan pengembangan awal market place produk herbal Kota Batu dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahapan yakni pengumpulan data, pengolahan data, pembuatan dashboard untuk Market Place produk Herbal, hingga sosialisasi dan publikasi hasil Hasil dari kegiatan ini yakni terciptanya desain taman technopark pada daerah Oro-Oro Ombo Kota Batu, Website interaktif dan market place, serta buku ramuan dan tanaman herbal.
A Performance Study of Home-Made Co-Immobilized Lipase from Mucor miehei in Polyurethane Foam on The Hydrolysis of Coconut Oil to Fatty Acid Dwina Moentamaria; Maktum Muharja; Tri Widjaja; Arief Widjaja
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 2 Year 2019 (August 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.2.3848.391-403

Abstract

Bio‐based fatty acids (FAs) produced through hydrolysis of natural oils and fats are promising chemical feedstocks for increasing  the economic value of renewable raw materials. In this work, lecithin, gelatin, PEG, and MgCl2 were employed as the co-immobilized material of crude lipase Mucor miehei immobilization on the polyurethane foam (PUF) matrix for hydrolysis of coconut oil to Free Fatty Acid (FFA). The unconventional immobilized technique was used through cross-linking and covalent bond. Single factor analysis and response surface method were utilized to determine the optimum conditions of the hydrolysis reaction. After optimization, co-immobilized lipase was examined for storage stability at a temperature of 4°C and reusability performance. The optimum conditions for coconut oil hydrolysis were obtained on the co-immobilized-PUF ratio, water-oil ratio, and reaction time of 20.17 w/w, 4.45 w/w, and 20 h, respectively. Under these conditions, the acid value as lauric acid enhanced 573% to 3.21 mg KOH/g oil. Storage stability attained through remaining activity on free lipase, PUF-lipase, PUF-co-immobilized-lipase were 9.89%, 42.3%, and 91.88%, respectively. In this study, the application of PUF-co-immobilized lipase in hydrolysis reactions can be reused up to 5 times. Characteristics of the addition of co-immobilized lipase have been analyzed using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), showing the presence of functional groups binding and the changes in the surface matrix structure. 
Pengaruh Pre-Treatment Kimia dan Biologi Terhadap Produksi Biogas dari Kulit Kopi Dennis Farina Nury; Muhammad Zulfikar Luthfi; Ahmad Rifqiyan Farohi; Tri Widjaja
REACTOR: Journal of Research on Chemistry and Engineering Vol 4, No 2 (2023): Published in December 2023
Publisher : Politeknik ATI Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52759/reactor.v4i2.99

Abstract

Coffee, as a major commodity in Indonesia, produces a huge number of byproducts and residues during the processing process. Coffee wastes and byproducts produced during coffee berry processing are a major source of contamination and represent significant environmental challenges in the coffee production process. One promising alternative in utilizing coffee wastes is converting into energy source i.e, of biogas from coffee pulp. Coffee pulp has toxic components that act as a methane inhibitor; these type of biomass have a problem with the lignin degradation process, which binds cellulose and hemicellulose. The use of cow's rumen fluid for methane production from coffee pulp is still rare, particularly for rumen fluid. Chemical pretreatment was carried out using alkali-peroxide followed by rumen fluid pretreatment. The performance of biogas produced from coffee pulp (with and without pretreatment) using rumen fluid as an inoculum has been investigated. Biogas was produced in a semi-batch reactor with a working volume of 2 liters for 30 days. Removal lignin, SS, VFA, and biogas yield were measured. This study aims to determine the biogas production from coffee pulp using variation HRT 20 and 30 days. It can be concluded that chemical pretreatment of NaOH - H2O2 combination can reduce lignin up to 75.02%. The volume of biogas produced increased with chemical pretreatment and rumen fluid as compared to the substrate with only rumen pretreatment According to Gas Chromatography analysis, the methane gas obtained from chemical pretreatment and rumen with HRT 30 days is 47.93%, while the methane obtained from rumen pretreatment with HRT 30 days is 34.28%.