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THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT POLICY IN BOOSTING THE ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS PERFORMANCE IN INDONESIA Tasya Aspiranti; A. Harits Nu’man; Yudha Dwi Nugraha; Ima Amaliah; Ade Yunita Mafruhat
AMWALUNA (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah) Vol 5, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Univeristas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (870.622 KB) | DOI: 10.29313/amwaluna.v5i1.6935

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In building a successful Islamic Microfinance Institutions  (IMFIs) performance, many factors must be considered based on a multi-element point of view. This study aims to build key factors affecting IMFIs  performance using multi-perspective and multi-criteria methods. This study uses an analytic network process (ANP) to calculate the degree of influence given by the IMFIs performance criteria and factors. Primary and secondary data collection techniques are used to collect required data for this research. The primary data are collected through questionnaires and interviews. A purposive sampling technique to collect primary data is used to the 26 local BPRS, 11 BMT including on the islands of Java, Sumatra and Sulawesi as a three biggest island of Indonesia. The results of the study find, internal and external management aspects are  two main problems affecting IMFIs and five main solutions to increase their financing are  regulatory, management, institutions, competencies, and partnerships.
Social Networking, and firm performance: Mediating role of comparative advantage and sustainable supply chain A. Harits Nu'man; Luthfi Nurwandi; Iyan Bachtiar; Tasya Aspiranti; Ikbar Pratama
International Journal of Supply Chain Management Vol 9, No 3 (2020): International Journal of Supply Chain Management (IJSCM)
Publisher : International Journal of Supply Chain Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (599.421 KB)

Abstract

The key objective of the current study is to examine the role of social networking in determining the firm performance of manufacturing firms. Addition to this the study has studied the mediating role of   comparative advantage and sustainable supply chain in the relationship between the social networking and firm performance of manufacturing firms. The basic concern of this research is to examine the way in which performance is generated and achieve by firms. Several theoretical approaches have been used for analyzing the relation between existing resources and performance of a firm. The relation between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance has been explained using RBV theory by incorporating moderator and mediator variables. The results were presented for the model using PLS because of its flexibility, validity, and estimation of complex models. PLS-SEM method is also known as second general approach of SEM. In this study, the response rate of 77.6% is sufficient because 30% response rate was regarded sufficient by Dikko [1] in survey studies. These positive influences of SCM capability are supported by social capital theory. Relational and structural capitals are accumulated through collaboration, information sharing, mutual trust, communication, and commitment among the partners in the supply chain. These create improvement in the performance of suppliers and buyers.
Potential Mislejk on Authority to Creditors Previously with the Debtor to Apply for the Elimination or Deletion of Mortgage Associated with the Mortgage Law and the Ministerial Regulation on Electronic Mortgage Rights (HT-EL) Erni Rohaini; A. Harits Nu’man; Dini Dewi Heniarti; Neni Ruhaeni
International Journal of Science and Society Vol 4 No 2 (2022): International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC)
Publisher : GoAcademica Research & Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54783/ijsoc.v4i2.450

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of Mislejk on the authority to creditors to abolish mortgage rights. The research method in writing this article is normative juridical. Secondary legal sources are used as the main sources in this study which are then processed to identify the main issues in positioning legal rules or norms as the basis for the author's assessment, taking into account some primary and tertiary legal materials. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the provisions of Article 22 paragraph (6) of the Mortgage Law as previously described do not have legal certainty. Thus, legal remedies that can be taken by the Customer in resolving Creditors who are reluctant to write off are as follows: Internal Settlement through the Banking Law mechanism, Settlement through Alternative Dispute Resolution, and Settlement through Courts.
Studi Kelayakan Pengembangan Bisnis Penggilingan Padi Cianjur Studi Kasus PB. X Mugni Septian; A. Harits Nu'man
Jurnal Riset Teknik Industri Volume 2, No. 1, Juli 2022, Jurnal Riset Teknik Industri (JRTI)
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Unisba

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (451.154 KB) | DOI: 10.29313/jrti.v2i1.622

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Abstract. Feasibility study on the legal aspect are known PB. X does not yet have complete licensing documents and is currently declared unfit for development, the environmental aspect, PB. X has had a positive economic impact on the surrounding environment and was declared feasible. PB. X was declared eligible with the forecasting results show an increasing trend of product demand from market aspect, the aspect of management was declared eligible, because he had run a good management system. Results of the technical aspects, the break event point calculation show the break-even point at the total production of 7714 kilograms and can be declared feasible, with the estimated production volume still within the capacity and technical capabilities. The results of the investment criteria assessment with the 2 condition schemes of not buying assets and buying assets. The decision to purchase or not to purchase assets has its own advantages and disadvantages, if the purchase of assets is made then he has certainty for the continuity of business activities compared to the rental system, but it has a huge impact on the company's finances, then PB. X was declared eligible based on financial aspects. The results of the overall business feasibility study, stated that PB. X must complete licensing documents to be able to carry out the development bussines plan. The results of the sensitivity analysis show that PB. X finances is very sensitive to changes in material costs, production volume, selling prices, and changes in income. Abstrak. Studi kelayakan pada aspek hukum diketahui PB. X belum memiliki dokumen perizinan yang lengkap dan saat ini dinyatakan tidak layak untuk dikembangkan, berdasarkan aspek lingkungan, PB. X telah memberikan dampak ekonomi yang positif bagi lingkungan sekitar dan dinyatakan layak. PB X dinyatakan layak dengan hasil peramalan menunjukkan tren peningkatan permintaan produk dari segi aspek pasar, aspek manajemen PB. X dinyatakan layak, karena telah menjalankan sistem manajemen yang baik. Hasil dari aspek teknis, perhitungan break event point menunjukkan titik impas pada total produksi 7714 kilogram dan dapat dinyatakan layak, dengan perkiraan volume produksi masih dalam batas kapasitas dan kemampuan teknis. Hasil penilaian kriteria investasi dengan 2 skema kondisi tidak membeli aset dan membeli aset. Keputusan untuk membeli atau tidak membeli aset memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan tersendiri, jika pembelian aset dilakukan maka memiliki kepastian kelangsungan kegiatan usaha dibandingkan dengan sistem sewa, tetapi berdampak besar pada keuangan perusahaan, maka PB. X dinyatakan layak berdasarkan aspek finansial. Hasil studi kelayakan usaha secara keseluruhan, menyatakan PB. X harus melengkapi dokumen perizinan untuk dapat menjalankan rencana pengembangan bisnis. Hasil analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa keuangan PB, X sangat sensitif terhadap perubahan biaya material, volume produksi, harga jual, dan perubahan pendapatan.
Brand Dilution: An Analysis of The IKEA Versus IKEMA Dispute Syahroni Syahroni; harits numan; Dini Dewi Heniarti
JOMANTARA Vol 2 No 2 (2022): Vol. 2 No. 2 July 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (208.81 KB) | DOI: 10.23969/jijac.v2i2.5811

Abstract

This study is aimed to provide a different analysis related to dispute of trademark or brand of IKEA against Ikema. IKEA in the Judicial Review Verdict of Indonesia Supreme Court of (Peninjauan Kembali Mahkamah Agung), was asserted not having similarity with Ikema. On the other hand, the author views this case is potentially presumed as as a dilution case. Regarding this, the analysis employs theory that proposed by Shuy (2002) to uncover the identical similarity between the two trademarks. Graphemic and Phonetic analysis are used to establish the feature similarity, for analysis of public perception upon the both trademarks, psycholinguistic has been practiced. The result is the both trademarks are similar in terms of dilution. Keywords: dispute, dilution, linguistic analysis
Pengukuran Beban Kerja untuk Mengoptimalkan Pembagian Kerja pada Proses Produksi Custom Sparepart Muhammad Farhan Aly; A. Harits Nu'man; Iyan Bachtiar
Bandung Conference Series: Industrial Engineering Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Bandung Conference Series: Industrial Engineering Science
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (465.239 KB) | DOI: 10.29313/bcsies.v2i1.1536

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Abstract. CV. Grand Manufacturing Indonesia is a company engaged in manufacturing spare parts. In the production process, the company often experiences delays in meeting the production time target, so the company must do overtime to meet the production time target. The production process that experienced the delay was the production process of custom spare parts. In this section there are complaints felt by workers, namely excessive fatigue caused by work intensity and high level of accuracy, and also has work pressure in the form of time pressure. Based on these problems, it is necessary to measure the workload to determine the workload felt by workers in the custom spare parts section. The measurement of the workload carried out is in the form of calculating mental workloads using the DRAWS method. In the production process of this type of custom spare part, there is one work station that has the highest mental workload score and is included in the overload category, namely at the milling machine work station with 1 worker. Then the calculation of the physical workload for the milling machine work station is also carried out. After getting the results of the workload calculation, the design carried out is in the form of adding workers and dividing work at the milling machine work station. Because if the work is done by 2 people, the workload experienced will be reduced and the activities carried out will be varied and the worker will not experience an excessive workload. Abstrak. CV. Grand Manufactuting Indonesia merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang manufaktur sparepart. Dalam proses produksinya perusahaan seringkali mengalami keterlambatan dalam pemenuhan target waktu produksi, sehingga perusahaan harus melakukan overtime untuk memenuhi target waktu produksi tersebut. Proses produksi yang mengalami keterlambatan tersebut yaitu proses produksi custom sparepart. Pada bagian ini terdapat keluhan yang dirasakan oleh pekerja, yaitu rasa lelah berlebih yang disebabkan oleh intensitas kerja dan tingkat ketelitian yang tinggi, dan juga memiliki tekanan kerja berupa tekanan waktu. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka perlunya dilakukan pengukuran beban kerja untuk mengetahui beban kerja yang dirasakan oleh pekerja pada bagian custom sparepart. Pengukuran beban kerja yang dilakukan yaitu berupa perhitungan beban kerja mental dengan menggunakan metode DRAWS. Pada proses produksi jenis custom sparepart ini terdapat satu stasiun kerja yang memiliki skor beban kerja mental tertinggi dan termasuk kedalam kategori overload, yaitu pada stasiun kerja mesin freis dengan jumlah pekerja 1 orang. Kemudian dilakukan juga perhitungan beban kerja fisik untuk stasiun kerja mesin freis. Setelah didapatkan hasil perhitungan beban kerja maka perangcangan yang dilakukan yaitu berupa penambahan pekerja dan pembagian kerja pada stasiun kerja mesin freis. Karena apabila pekerjaan dilakukan oleh 2 orang, maka beban kerja yang dialami akan berkurang dan aktivitas yang dilakukan pun akan terbagai dan pekerja tersebut tidak mengalami beban kerja berlebih.
Perancangan Kebutuhan Jumlah Operator Produk Backpack Optimal Menggunakan Metode Workload Analysis (WLA) dan Work Force Analysis (WFA) Ernest Widyantara Alwi; A Harits Nu'man; Iyan Bachtiar
Bandung Conference Series: Industrial Engineering Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Bandung Conference Series: Industrial Engineering Science
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (791.498 KB) | DOI: 10.29313/bcsies.v2i1.1569

Abstract

Abstract. CV Cleoriki is a company in Bandung, West Java which is engaged in the manufacturing industry with the production of bags. Cleoriki fulfills customer needs using a make to order production strategy and takes orders 10-15 dozen/week. CV. Cleoriki has 10 production operators with effective working hours of 13 hours starting from 08.00 to 23.00 WIB including 2 hours of rest. With so many requests that have to be fulfilled, excessive working hours (overtime) make operators often experience fatigue which results in experiencing production delays, especially backpack products. This study aims to 1) Knowing the percent of the operator's work productivity. 2) Knowing the level of operator workload. 3) Designing the right and optimal needs of backpack product operators. Workload calculations using the Work Load Analysis method are useful for knowing whether the workload is excessive or not. Then the design of operator needs using the Work Force Analysis method to find out how many operators there are by considering the level of absenteeism and employee turnover. The results of this study indicate that the highest workload value obtained by operator 2 is 141%. Meanwhile, the lowest workload value is operator 1 at 133%. With a workload value above 100%, the operator's workload is overloaded on operators 1 and 2 so that additional operators are needed. The design of the right and optimal needs for backpack product operators is based on the calculation results of the Work Force Analysis method and the calculation of the workload adding the optimal number of enough for two operators Abstrak. CV Cleoriki merupakan perusahaan di Bandung, Jawa Barat yang bergerak dalam industri manufaktur dengan hasil produksi tas. Cleoriki memenuhi kebutuhan pelanggan dengan menggunakan strategi produksi make to order dan menerima pesanan 10-15 lusin/minggu. CV. Cleoriki memiliki 10 operator produksi dengan jam kerja efektif 13 jam kerja mulai dari jam 08.00 sampai 23.00 WIB termasuk 2 jam istirahat. Dengan banyaknya permintaan yang harus dipenuhi, jam kerja yang berlebihan (overtime) membuat operator sering mengalami kelelahan yang mengakibatkan mengalami keterlambatan produksi pada khususnya produk backpack. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang sudah dijabarkan, diperlukan penelitian bertujuan untuk 1) Mengetahui persen produktif kerja operator. 2) Mengetahui tingkat beban kerja operator. 3) Merancang kebutuhan operator produk backpack yang tepat dan optimal. Perhitungan beban kerja dengan menggunakan metode Work Load Analysis yang berguna untuk mengetahui apakah beban kerja berlebihan atau tidak. Kemudian perancangan kebutuhan operator dengan metode Work Force Analysis untuk mengetahui berapa jumlah operator dengan mempertimbangkan tingkat absensi dan perputaran kerja karyawan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai beban kerja tertinggi diperoleh operator 2 sebesar 141%. Sementara nilai beban kerja terendah yaitu pada operator 1 sebesar 133%. Dengan nilai beban kerja diatas 100% maka beban kerja operator overload pada operator 1 dan 2 sehingga perlu penambahan operator. Rancangan kebutuhan operator produk backpack yang tepat dan optimal didasarkan pada hasil perhitungan metode Work Force Analysis dan perhitungan beban kerja penambahan jumlah optimal cukup sebanyak dua orang operator
Perancangan Pengukuran Kinerja Perusahaan Dengan Menggunakan Metode Integrated Performance Measurement System di PT. Master Logam Presisi Fahmi Fadhlurrohman; A.Harits Nu'man; Reni Amaranti
Bandung Conference Series: Industrial Engineering Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Bandung Conference Series: Industrial Engineering Science
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (734.423 KB) | DOI: 10.29313/bcsies.v2i1.2092

Abstract

Abstract. PT. Master Metal Precision is a manufacturing company that produces various components of machines, dies and jigs. The performance measurement used by the company currently only pays attention to the financial aspect. If the turnover obtained exceeds the target, the company's performance is considered good. As a result, the company's leadership has no basis for making strategic decisions other than the financial basis. Therefore, companies need a better way of measuring performance so that they can show performance from various points of view. This research was conducted to design a performance measurement that not only considers financial aspects but also considers other influential aspects, especially those related to stakeholders. The integrated performance measurement method, namely the integrated performance measurement system (IPMS) was chosen as the reference performance measurement method. This method measures performance by considering the needs of all stakeholders, namely leaders, consumers, employees, and suppliers. There are 19 Key Performance Indicators that have been successfully identified based on the needs of all company stakeholders. Based on these Key Performance Indicators and using the objectives matrix (OMAX) it can be seen that the current total performance of the Company is 3.48 (a rating scale of 10). This shows that the company's performance on all KPIs has not yet met the target. The measurement results on 19 KPIs show that 7 KPIs have reached the target (green category), 11 KPIs have not met the target (yellow category), and 1 KPI is still far from the target (red category). Therefore the company must improve and evaluate the existing KPIs of the company as a whole, especially on the results of indicators that are still in the yellow and red categories. This research also produces forms that companies can use to measure performance. Abstrak. PT. Master Logam Presisi merupakan perusahaan manufaktur yang memproduksi berbagai komponen mesin, dies, dan jig. Pengukuran kinerja yang digunakan perusahaan saat ini hanya memperhatikan aspek keuangan. Apabila omset yang diperoleh melebihi target maka kinerja perusahaan dinilai baik. Akibatnya pimpinan perusahaan tidak memiliki dasar untuk mengambil keputusan strategis selain dasar keuangan. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan memerlukan cara pengukuran kinerja yang lebih baik sehingga dapat menunjukkan kinerja dari berbagai sudut pandang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang pengukuran kinerja yang tidak hanya mempertimbangkan aspek keuangan tetapi juga mempertimbangkan aspek-aspek lain yang berpengaruh terutama berkaitan dengan stakeholder. Metode pengukuran kinerja yang terintegrasi yaitu integrated performance measurement sistem (IPMS) dipilih sebagai metode pengukuran kinerja acuan. Metode ini mengukur kinerja dengan mempetimbangkan kebutuhan seluruh stakeholder yaitu pimpinan, konsumen, karyawan, dan pemasok. Terdapat 19 Key Performance Indicator yang berhasil diindentifikasi berdasarkan kebutuhan semua stakeholder perusahaan. Berdasarkan pada Key Performance Indicator tersebut dan menggunakan objectives matrix (OMAX) dapat diketahui bahwa kinerja total Perusahaan saat ini adalah sebesar 3,48 (skala penilaian 10). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kinerja perusahaan pada seluruh KPI masih belum memenuhi target. Hasil pengukuran pada 19 KPI diketahui ada 7 KPI yang sudah mencapai target (kategori hijau), 11 KPI belum memenuhi target (kategori kuning), dan 1 KPI masih jauh dari target (kategori merah). Oleh karena itu perusahaan harus melakukan peningkatan dan evaluasi kepada KPI yang ada perusahaan secara keluruhan, terutama pada hasil indikator yang masih termasuk kategori kuning dan merah. Penelitian ini juga menghasilkan formulir yang dapat perusahaan gunakan untuk mengukur kinerja.
Perancangan Tata Letak Fasilitas yang Ergonomis di Lingkungan Perkantoran Renhard Sitohang; A. Harits Nu’Man; Nita P.A Hidayat
Bandung Conference Series: Industrial Engineering Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): Bandung Conference Series: Industrial Engineering Science
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (723.167 KB) | DOI: 10.29313/bcsies.v2i2.4445

Abstract

Abstract. Every organization needs an office as a place of concentration for leaders and employees to carry out their activities, to provide comfort while working, it is necessary to have a layout of facilities and a physical office environment that can provide comfort while working. The Rectorate Building of the Islamic University of Bandung is an office area and is used as a service center for university academic & administrative activities. The layout of the rooms in the Rectorate Building at this time has not considered the principle of office space arrangement. The physical environment of the office still needs to be evaluated to match the standard of the office physical environment, so that workers can feel comfortable while working. The research aims to evaluate the layout of the office, make a proposal for the design of the layout of the office space and the proposed improvement of the physical environment in the office space. The facility layout design uses ARC (Activity Relation Ship) which aims to determine the level of interaction between departments. The proposed layout uses the CORELAP (Computerized Relationship Layout Technique) algorithm. Standards for temperature, humidity, lighting, and noise are determined based on the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 48. The redesign of the layout is done with the CORELAP Algorithm to produce a new layout by prioritizing parts/departments that have an absolute degree of closeness placed close together. The results of the analysis of physical environmental conditions of air temperature, humidity, lighting, and noise indicate that workers still feel comfortable to work at a temperature of 28 oC, so the addition of air conditioning does not need to be done. Air humidity can be reduced by making air vents and opening windows while working. The recommended lamp is a PHILIPS TL-D-54 lamp with a power of 30 Watts to match the lighting standards of the room. Noise levels of less than 85 dB can still be tolerated by workers without losing hearing. Temperature, humidity, lighting, and noise that are not in accordance with office space standards do not affect employee comfort while working because they can still be tolerated by workers. Abstrak. Setiap organisasi memerlukan kantor sebagai tempat konsentrasi pimpinan dan pegawai melakukan aktivitasnya, untuk memberi kenyamanan saat bekerja diperlukan tata letak fasilitas dan lingkungan fisik perkantoran yang dapat memberi kenyamanan saat bekerja. Gedung Rektorat Universitas Islam Bandung merupakan area perkantoran dan digunakan sebagai pusat layanan kegiatan akademik & administrasi universitas. Tata letak ruangan di Gedung Rektorat saat ini belum mempertimbangkan asas penataan ruang kantor. Lingkungan fisik kantor masih perlu dievaluasi agar sesuai dengan standar lingkungan fisik kantor, sehingga pekerja dapat nyaman saat bekerja. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tata letak perkantoran, membuat usulan perancangan tata letak ruang kantor dan usulan perbaikan lingkungan fisik pada ruang kantor. Perancangan tata letak fasilitas menggunakan ARC (Activity Relation Ship) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat interaksi antar departemen. Tata letak usulan menggunakan Algoritma CORELAP (Computerized Relationship Layout Technique). Standar suhu, kelembaban, pencahayaan, dan kebisingan ditentukan berdasarkan KEPMENKES RI No. 48. Perancangan ulang tata letak dilakukan dengan Algoritma CORELAP menghasilkan tata letak baru dengan mengutamakan bagian/departemen yang memiliki derajat kedekatan multak diletakkan berdekatan. Hasil analisis kondisi lingkungan fisik suhu udara, kelembaban, pencahayaan, dan kebisingan menunjukkan bahwa pekerja masih merasa nyaman untuk bekerja pada suhu 28 oC, sehingga penambahan AC tidak perlu dilakukan. Kelembaban udara dapat dikurangi dengan membuat ventilasi udara serta membuka jendela pada saat bekerja. Lampu yang direkomendasikan adalah lampu PHILIPS TL-D-54 dengan daya 30 Watt agar sesuai dengan standar pencahayaan ruangan. Tingkat kebisingan kurang dari 85 dB masih dapat ditoleransi pekerja tanpa menghilangkan daya dengar. Suhu, kelembaban, pencahayaan, dan kebisingan yang tidak sesuai dengan standar rungan kantor tidak mempengaruhi kenyamanan karyawan saat bekerja karena masih dapat ditoleransi oleh pekerja.
PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS SANTRI BERBASIS METODE KHOLWAT Moh Ismail; Djamali; Harits Nu'man
Tadris : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pemikiran Pendidikan Islam Vol 16 No 2 (2022): Tadris : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pemikiran Pendidikan Islam
Publisher : Program Studi PAI, Fakultas Tarbiyah, Institut Agama Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51675/jt.v16i2.347

Abstract

Character education has a role in building religious character for students, one of which is to improve moral habits for students. In addition, the formation of religious character can be built through the kholwat method which focuses on good spiritual attitudes for students' habits. This research method uses the library research method, namely research carried out using literature, both in the form of books, notes, and reports on research results and previous research. The results of this study can conclude the process of implementing the kholwat method in shaping the religious character of students by means of intention, fasting, speaking less, tawasul and dhikr, reducing sleep at night, reducing eating and drinking, daimul ablution, not taking a bath during the day, taking a bath with the intention of repentance at at night, sunnah prayers, and meditation.