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All Journal INFOKUM Jurnal Hukum Sehasen JUDGE: Jurnal Hukum International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy
Mhd. Azhali Siregar
Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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Enhance Manage Regulation Restorative Justice For Solving Community Conflict Mhd. Azhali Siregar; Rahul Adrian Fikri
INFOKUM Vol. 10 No. 5 (2022): December, Computer and Communication
Publisher : Sean Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Customary law has long been ignored by our society because we are too enthusiastic about the criminal and civil laws adopted since the Indonesian colonial era. Although so-called modern law cannot limit the limits of its application in various regions throughout Indonesia, customary law can be a sizeable substitute. Theoretically, this can be applied formally in various regions in Indonesia as such by fulfilling several criteria by the principles used by national law. The major change in the orientation of criminal law is the shift in the concept of justice, from justice based on retaliation to justice that is restorative. Protection and restoration of the rights of victims and the general public are seen as important as sentencing and/or rehabilitation of perpetrators of crimes. Based on the Republic of Indonesia Police Regulation No. 8 of 2021 concerning the Handling of Criminal Acts Based on Restorative Justice, the aim is to realize the case settlement process does not only aim solely to punish or embarrass someone, but rather to attempt to obtain truth that is useful to help restore disharmonious relations between perpetrators, victims, and society.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF CHILDREN AN WOMAN FROM DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (RESEARCH METHODS BY THE NORTH SUMATERA KPAI) Joel F. Toldo Sumihar Sitohang; Mhd. Azhali Siregar; Lidya Rahmadhani
Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : PT. Radja Intercontinental Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21483269

Abstract

Domestic violence (KDRT) is a form of human rights violation that has serious impacts, especially on women and children. This article aims to analyze the form of legal protection provided to women and children victims of domestic violence in Indonesia. The results of the analysis show that although there are regulations such as Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence, as well as the Child Protection Law, there are still various challenges in its implementation, such as patriarchal culture, low legal awareness of the community, and weak law enforcement. Further efforts are needed in the form of education, training of law enforcement officers, and empowerment of victims so that legal protection can run optimally.
Fungsi Pengawasan dalam Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan Wewenang (Studi pada Polda Sumut) Rosmeri; Mhd. Azhali Siregar; T. Riza Zarzani
Judge : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 6 No. 12 (2026): Judge : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Cattleya Darmaya Fortuna

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54209/judge.v6i12.2531

Abstract

Pengawasan internal memiliki peran strategis dalam mencegah penyalahgunaan wewenang serta menjaga profesionalisme, integritas, dan akuntabilitas anggota Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia (Polri). Meskipun sistem pengawasan internal telah diatur melalui berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan dan dilaksanakan oleh Inspektorat Pengawasan Daerah (Itwasda), berbagai pelanggaran disiplin, pelanggaran kode etik profesi, dan penyalahgunaan wewenang oleh anggota Polri masih ditemukan di lingkungan Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara (Polda Sumut). Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas fungsi pengawasan internal masih memerlukan penguatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas pelaksanaan fungsi pengawasan Itwasda dalam mencegah penyalahgunaan wewenang berdasarkan data pengawasan internal dan penanganan pelanggaran anggota Polri di Polda Sumut, serta merumuskan model penguatan pengawasan internal yang ideal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan studi lapangan. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara normatif fungsi pengawasan internal telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku, namun dalam implementasinya masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, antara lain belum optimalnya tindak lanjut hasil pengawasan, lemahnya pengawasan melekat, keterbatasan efektivitas pengawasan langsung, serta kuatnya budaya solidaritas korps yang memengaruhi objektivitas pengawasan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan independensi Itwasda, peningkatan kompetensi aparat pengawas, optimalisasi sistem pengawasan berbasis teknologi informasi, penerapan pengawasan berbasis risiko, serta penguatan budaya integritas dan akuntabilitas sebagai upaya meningkatkan efektivitas pencegahan penyalahgunaan wewenang di lingkungan Polri.
Criminal Law Enforcement Against Oil Spills by Foreign Ships Case Study of Arman 114 Motor Tanker in the North Natuna Sea Muhammad Buzjany Dzikry; Henry Aspan; Mhd. Azhali Siregar
Judge : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 6 No. 12 (2026): Judge : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Cattleya Darmaya Fortuna

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54209/judge.v6i12.2535

Abstract

The North Natuna Sea is a strategically important maritime region for Indonesia due to its economic, ecological, and geopolitical significance. The increasing intensity of international shipping activities has heightened the risk of marine pollution, particularly oil spills caused by foreign vessels, posing serious threats to marine ecosystems and national maritime security. One of the most significant cases is the oil spill involving the foreign-flagged Motor Tanker (MT) Arman 114, which highlights the complexity of criminal law enforcement against transnational environmental crimes. This study aims to analyze the mechanism of criminal law enforcement applied to the MT Arman 114 case and to evaluate the contribution of the court's decision to marine pollution prevention in Indonesia. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches by examining national legislation, international legal instruments, legal doctrines, and relevant court decisions. The findings reveal that Indonesia possesses a comprehensive legal framework through Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, Law Number 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping, the Indonesian Criminal Code, and the MARPOL 1973/1978 Convention. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of criminal law enforcement remains constrained by scientific evidentiary challenges, limited maritime surveillance capacity, overlapping institutional authority, jurisdictional complexities involving foreign-flagged vessels, and international diplomatic considerations. The novelty of this study lies in integrating environmental criminal law, maritime law, and international maritime legal obligations to evaluate the practical implementation of criminal law enforcement through the MT Arman 114 case, while also assessing the role of judicial decisions in strengthening legal certainty, environmental protection, and deterrence against future marine pollution offenses. The study concludes that strengthening institutional coordination, technological capacity, legal harmonization, and international cooperation is essential to improve the effectiveness of criminal law enforcement and ensure sustainable protection of Indonesia's marine environment.
Dinamika Pengawasan dalam Proses Pembinaan Narapidana Studi pada Lapas Pemuda Langkat Kenal Purba; Fitri Rafianti; Mhd. Azhali Siregar
Judge : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 6 No. 12 (2026): Judge : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Cattleya Darmaya Fortuna

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54209/judge.v6i12.2537

Abstract

Sistem pemasyarakatan di Indonesia mengalami perubahan paradigma melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemasyarakatan yang menempatkan pembinaan narapidana sebagai upaya rehabilitasi dan reintegrasi sosial. Keberhasilan proses pembinaan sangat dipengaruhi oleh efektivitas pengawasan yang dilaksanakan oleh petugas pemasyarakatan. Namun, pelaksanaan pengawasan masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, seperti overcapacity, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, sarana dan prasarana yang belum memadai, serta koordinasi antarlembaga yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika pengawasan dalam proses pembinaan narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Pemuda Langkat serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitas pengawasan dalam mencapai tujuan sistem pemasyarakatan. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan berupa wawancara serta observasi terhadap petugas pemasyarakatan dan pihak-pihak yang terkait dengan proses pembinaan narapidana. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan dilaksanakan melalui pengawasan administratif dan pengawasan langsung terhadap pelaksanaan program pembinaan. Meskipun demikian, efektivitas pengawasan belum optimal karena dipengaruhi oleh kondisi overcapacity, keterbatasan jumlah dan kompetensi petugas, kurangnya fasilitas pembinaan, serta lemahnya koordinasi dengan berbagai pemangku kepentingan. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada belum maksimalnya pencapaian tujuan rehabilitasi dan reintegrasi sosial narapidana. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan kapasitas petugas pemasyarakatan, peningkatan kualitas sarana dan prasarana pembinaan, serta optimalisasi kerja sama lintas sektor untuk mendukung efektivitas pengawasan dalam mewujudkan tujuan sistem pemasyarakatan.
Law Enforcement Against the Criminal Act of Theft With Violence Based on Law Number 1 Of 2023 Concerning The Criminal Code Jessica Oktari Marbun; Mhd. Azhali Siregar; Aulia Rahman Hakim Hasibuan
Judge : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 6 No. 12 (2026): Judge : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Cattleya Darmaya Fortuna

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54209/judge.v6i12.2538

Abstract

Violent theft remains one of the most serious conventional crimes in Indonesia because it not only causes material losses but also threatens public safety and social order. Although Indonesia has enacted Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (National Criminal Code) as part of a comprehensive criminal law reform, studies examining the implications of Article 479 concerning violent theft remain limited. Existing research generally focuses on the application of Article 365 of the former Criminal Code without critically analyzing the legal transformation introduced by the National Criminal Code and its implications for law enforcement effectiveness.This study aims to analyze the legal regulation of violent theft under the previous Criminal Code and the National Criminal Code, compare Article 365 of the former Criminal Code with Article 479 of Law Number 1 of 2023, and evaluate the effectiveness of law enforcement in achieving legal certainty. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials collected through library research, supported by Decision Number 2615/Pid.B/2018/PN Mdn.The findings indicate that Article 479 of the National Criminal Code maintains the essential elements of violent theft while introducing a more systematic formulation that reflects contemporary criminal law principles emphasizing legal certainty, proportionality, and social protection. However, the effectiveness of law enforcement remains dependent on the quality of legal institutions, the professionalism of law enforcement officers, supporting facilities, and public legal awareness. This study contributes to the development of Indonesian criminal law by providing a comprehensive legal analysis of the transition from the former Criminal Code to the National Criminal Code concerning violent theft and its implications for future law enforcement practices.
Pengaturan dan Implementasi Layanan Kunjungan Terbatas Keluarga Narapidana (Studi pada Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Pemuda Langkat) Hendrianto Sitorus; Mhd. Azhali Siregar; Fitri Rafianti
Judge : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 6 No. 11 (2026): Judge : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Cattleya Darmaya Fortuna

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54209/judge.v6i11.2540

Abstract

Layanan kunjungan keluarga merupakan salah satu bentuk pemenuhan hak narapidana yang berperan penting dalam mendukung proses pembinaan dan reintegrasi sosial. Namun, pelaksanaan layanan kunjungan terbatas di lembaga pemasyarakatan masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, seperti jarak tempuh pengunjung, persyaratan administrasi identitas, serta keterbatasan waktu kunjungan yang berpotensi menghambat pemenuhan hak narapidana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan dan implementasi layanan kunjungan terbatas keluarga narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Pemuda Langkat serta mengkaji efektivitasnya dalam menjamin perlindungan hak narapidana dan menjaga keamanan lembaga pemasyarakatan. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis dan bersifat deskriptif analitis. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi kepustakaan, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan layanan kunjungan terbatas pada dasarnya telah sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Namun demikian, implementasinya masih menghadapi hambatan administratif, geografis, dan keterbatasan waktu yang memengaruhi kualitas interaksi narapidana dengan keluarganya. Selain itu, efektivitas layanan belum optimal karena pelaksanaannya masih lebih berorientasi pada aspek keamanan dibandingkan pendekatan yang berorientasi pada perlindungan hak narapidana. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penyederhanaan prosedur administrasi, penjadwalan kunjungan yang lebih fleksibel, serta penguatan pelayanan berbasis hak asasi manusia guna mewujudkan keseimbangan antara keamanan lembaga pemasyarakatan dan pemenuhan hak sosial narapidana.
The Historical Development of Criminal Law: A Comparative Study of Ancient Criminal Law to Contemporary Criminal Law Mhd. Azhali Siregar
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i1.1354

Abstract

This research aims to trace and analyze the development of criminal law from ancient times to the contemporary era. Criminal law is an integral part of the legal system that has evolved along with the dynamics of human civilization. In ancient criminal law, as reflected in the Code of Hammurabi, Greek Law, and Roman Law, the approach used emphasized the principles of retribution and social order. The penal system at that time was repressive, rigid, and tended to ignore individual rights, with criminal sanctions being more symbolic and cruel in order to have a deterrent effect. Over time, thinking about criminal law has shifted. The introduction of values of justice, human rights, and modern legal philosophy has influenced the direction of change in criminal law. Contemporary criminal law no longer aims solely at punishment, but also considers aspects of rehabilitation, social reintegration, and victim protection. This development reflects changing societal views on crime, perpetrators, and the function of criminal law itself. In various countries, including Indonesia, criminal law reforms are being implemented to adapt to current challenges, such as globalization, information technology, and transnational crime. This research uses historical methods and a comparative-juridical approach to explore fundamental changes in the structure, function, and purpose of criminal law over time. The results of this study demonstrate that the development of criminal law is not stagnant, but rather continues to transform in response to social, political, and cultural dynamics. By understanding the historical roots and changes that have occurred, it is hoped that a more adaptive, humanistic, and contextual criminal law system can be created, tailored to the needs of modern society.
Policy Regarding Food Items Brought by Visitors for Inmates at the Class IIB Kabanjahe State Detention Center Abdi Prawira; Abdul Razak Nasution; Mhd. Azhali Siregar
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i2.1523

Abstract

Basically, the convicts in a case are victims of acts of abuse that violate laws and government regulations. As Indonesian citizens, they are still expected to actively participate in efforts to build the nation from various forms of setbacks. Therefore, no matter how serious the offenses committed, those who have been sentenced are expected to remain aware that the court's decision regarding their actions serves as a means to raise their awareness and guide them to abandon such behavior after serving their sentence. In this study, empirical legal research is conducted with the aim of carrying out research in accordance with what will be explained according to the law and correctional system. The data collection methods in this research are field studies and library research. Policies regarding visitors bringing food for inmates at Class IIB Kabanjahe Detention Center are regulated under Law No. 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections. This law includes general principles regarding corrections, including the rights of inmates, such as receiving proper meals and healthcare services. Although it does not specifically regulate food as an item brought in, the law still ensures that inmates have the right to receive proper meals and healthcare services. Regulations in Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation No. 40 of 2017 and Minister of Health Regulation No. 41 of 2014 govern the provision of food for inmates.
Correctional Institution Policy on Extraordinary Permission for Inmates Outside Visiting Hours Tamara Cecilia Munthe; Abdul Razak Nasution; Mhd. Azhali Siregar
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i2.1588

Abstract

In the course of legal proceedings, detainees held in detention centers retain certain rights as part of the protection and services afforded to them, including the right to apply for temporary leave and extraordinary leave. However, there is a distinction between temporary leave and extraordinary leave for detainees in detention centers. This differs from the situation of convicted prisoners, as prisoners are already serving their criminal sentences, and the detention center bears a fuller obligation to fulfill their rights compared with detainees who are still undergoing legal proceedings. Therefore, temporary leave and extraordinary leave may still be granted to detainees or prisoners, provided that the applicable legal procedures and regulations are observed.
Co-Authors Abdi Prawira Abdul Razak Nasution Aulia Rahman Hakim Aulia Rahman Hakim Hasibuan Hendrianto Sitorus Henry Aspan Jessica Oktari Marbun Joel F. Toldo Sumihar Sitohang Kenal Purba Lidya Rahmadhani Muhammad Buzjany Dzikry Nathanael Marvelino Saragih Sidauruk Rafianti, Fitri Rahul Adrian Fikri Rosmeri Tamara Cecilia Munthe Tengku Riza Zarzani N