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All Journal e-CliniC Jurnal Kedokteran Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS) JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE (JURNAL ILMU KESEHATAN) Amerta Nutrition Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Jurnal Respirasi (JR) Medica Hospitalia Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association : Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Ar-Rum Salatiga World Nutrition Journal Respiratory Science Narra J Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Journal Of World Science MEDICINUS Strada Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (SJIK)
Fariz, Nurwidya
Department Of Pulmonology And Respiratory Medicine, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Journal : respiratory science

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Immunopathogenesis of Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) and Its Clinical Implications Malik, Andi Sri Suryani; Agustin, Heidy; Nurwidya, Fariz; Rozaliyani, Anna
Respiratory Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v5i3.172

Abstract

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a serious lung infection caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. It remains a major health concern, especially in HIV/AIDS patients and those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. This review discusses how the immune system responds to P. jirovecii and why immunocompromised individuals are more vulnerable. In healthy individuals, CD4+ T cells, B cells, and macrophages help control the infection. However, in immunocompromised individuals, a weakened immune response allows fungal overgrowth, leading to severe lung damage. The review also covers symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. TMP-SMX is the preferred treatment, while alternative drugs are available for those who cannot tolerate it. Understanding the immune response to PCP can help improve treatment and patient care.
Multiplex PCR Respiratory Panel in Indonesia: A Narrative Review Johan Nathan; Fariz Nurwidya; Anis Karuniawati
Respiratory Science Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v6i3.237

Abstract

Acute Respiratory infections (ARIs) remain a major cause of illness and death worldwide. Conventional diagnostic methods are often slow or have limited sensitivity. Multiplex (Polymerase Chain Reaction) PCR respiratory panels allow rapid detection of multiple respiratory pathogens from a single specimen and are increasingly available in Indonesia. This review summarizes the respiratory panels available in Indonesia and discusses their potential clinical use. A narrative review was conducted using literature from PubMed, manufacturer technical documents, and the Indonesian Ministry of Health medical device registry. Information on pathogen coverage, diagnostic performance, specimen requirements, and clinical applications was reviewed. There are six respiratory panel platforms currently available in Indonesia: VITRO Respiratory Flow Chip Kit, BioFire FilmArray Respiratory Panel 2.1 Plus, BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel Plus, QIAstat-Dx Respiratory SARS-CoV-2 Panel, ALLPLEX Respiratory Panel, and COBAS Respiratory Flex. Most platforms focus on respiratory viruses and atypical bacteria using nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal specimens, whereas BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel Plus is designed for lower respiratory tract infections and additionally detects common bacterial pathogens, antimicrobial resistance genes, and provides semi-quantitative results. BioFire, QIAstat-Dx, and COBAS offer highly automated sample-to-answer workflows with minimal hands-on time, whereas VITRO and ALLPLEX require more manual processing but provide greater flexibility through open systems. Despite these advantages, implementation remains challenged by high costs and limited access in Indonesia. Six multiplex PCR respiratory panel platforms are available in Indonesia, each with different diagnostic characteristics and potential clinical applications. No single platform is optimal for all situations. Therefore, test selection should be tailored to the clinical setting, laboratory capacity, and available resources. Appropriate implementation may improve respiratory pathogen diagnosis and antimicrobial stewardship, although local evidence regarding clinical impact and cost-effectiveness is still needed.
Co-Authors Aditya Wirawan Adityo Wibowo Agustin, Heidy Ahmad Hudoyo Amien, Bagus Radityo Ammar Abdurrahman Hasyim Andarini, Sita Andayani, Diyah Eka Andika Chandra Putra Andrijono Anis Karuniawati Anna Rozaliyani Anwar Jusuf Aprilia Katarina Baskoro, Hario Bies, Asri Liqditta Budi Rahayu Chandra, Dian Novita Christi Giovani Anggasta Hanafi Dewi Krisna Yunda Dharmawan, Ibrahim N.I.P. Diana Sunardi Elisna Syahruddin Ercia Maria da Conçeição Sequeira Fachri Setiawan Faisal Yunus Faiza Hatim Fattrias Handayani Jayaatmaja Fiastuti Witjaksono Fiastuti Witjaksono Hanafi, Christi Giovani Anggasta Harinda, Fadlika Hendra Wahyuni Ibrahim Nur Insan Putra Dharmawan Inge Permadhi Isabela Andhika Paramita Isbaniah, Fathiyah Itsna Arifatuz Zulfiyah Itsna Arifatuz Zulfiyah Johan Nathan Judhiastuty Februhartanty Kemas Rakhmat Notariza Khoirun Nisa Alfitri Krisadelfa Sutanto Linda Mahardhika Mahardika, Linda Malik, Andi Sri Suryani marques lafo, merita Merita Marques Lafo Miraz Radhea Bagaskoro Mitrasari, Surya Moelamsyah, Yandi Noer Mohamad Yusup Mohammad N. Uddin Moulid Hidayat Muhammad Ryan Adi Putra Muliawan, Hary Sakti Nabila Fawzia Neni Sawitri Nurul Ratna Manikam Nurul Ratna Mutu Manikam Patricia S. Sinuraya Rabbani, Hadiati Rania Imaniar Resti H. Lestari Rina Diana Nurfitri Santri Dwizamzami Faridahanum Santri Dwizamzami Faridahanum Sequiera, Ercia Maria da Conceicao Singal, Anna Maurina Syam, Shaogi Wiji Lestari Wiji Lestari Wiji Lestari Wira Winardi Wira Winardi, Wira Yohannessa Wulandari Zaini, Jamal Zulfiyah, Itsna Arifatuz