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Andika Setiawan, Andika
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Journal : JOURNAL OF APPLIED INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING

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Comparative Analysis of CNN, Transformers, and Traditional ML for Classifying Online Gambling Spam Comments in Indonesian Manullang, Martin Clinton Tosima; Rakhman, Arkham Zahri; Tantriawan, Hartanto; Setiawan, Andika
Journal of Applied Informatics and Computing Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30871/jaic.v9i3.9468

Abstract

The rise of user-generated content on social media and live-streaming platforms has intensified the spread of spam, particularly online gambling (Judi Online) promotions, which remain prevalent in Indonesian comment sections. This study investigates the effectiveness of various machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches in classifying such spam content in Bahasa Indonesia. We compare five models: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), a CNN-based model, IndoBERT, and a custom lightweight transformer model named Wordformer. While IndoBERT achieves the highest performance across all metrics, it comes with high computational demands. Wordformer, in contrast, delivers a strong balance between accuracy and efficiency, outperforming traditional models while being significantly more lightweight than IndoBERT. Wordformer achieved 0.9975 accuracy and macro F1-score, surpassing SVM (0.9578) and Random Forest (0.9729), while maintaining a significantly smaller model size and fewer multiply-add operations. An extensive ablation study further explores the architectural and training design choices that influence Wordformer’s performance. The findings suggest that lightweight transformer models can offer practical, scalable solutions for spam detection in low-resource language settings without the need for large pretrained backbones.
Co-Authors Adi Sucipto, Adi agung nusantoro Alrando, Raja Aksana Anas Tamsuri Anggraini, Leslie Aprilianda, Mohamad Meazza arif ashari Badaruddin Badaruddin Badaruddin Bagaskara, Radhinka Basit Al Hanif Ba’its, Alfian Kafilah Cahyo Untoro, Meida Deby Puspitaningrum Desty Ervira Puspaningtyas Drantantiyas, Nike Dwi Grevika Dwi Yulina Abdi Jayanti Eko Prasetyo, Harwidyo Elityasari, Cindy Nur Faisal, Amir Farahdiba Farahdiba Febrianto, Andre Fitrawan, Mhd. Kadar Habeahan, Angelina Hanif, Farhan Harmiansyah, Harmiansyah Hartanto Tantriawan Harwidyo Eko Prasetyo Haryo Koco Buwono Heri Khoeri Himawan, Prasta Genie Indarto Indarto Irwanto, Rachmad Kuswidyanarko , Arief Listiani, Amalia Manurung, Jefri Marhamah . Mario, Frisel Martin Clinton Tosima Manullang, Martin Clinton Tosima Muhammad Yogi Saputra Mustakim, Fahmi Novriani, Shinta Nusyura Al Islami, Aulia Pratama, Rizky Nisa Rahman Indra Kesuma Rahmat Kurniawan Rakhman, Arkham Zahri REZA PAHLEVI Satiawan, Budi Satya Soeratmodjo, Irnanda Satya Soerjatmodjo, Irnanda Siska Puspita Sari Soerjatmodjo, Irnanda Satya Sofiana, Dini sutik, sutik Untoro, Meida Cahyo Wicaksana, Galih Windasari, Liska Yulia, Alya Yulita, Winda Yuni Afriani, Yuni