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All Journal Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Reaktor Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia Eksergi: Chemical Engineering Journal Elkawnie Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Agroindustrial Technology Journal Journal of Applied Food Technology MATRIK : Jurnal Manajemen, Teknik Informatika, dan Rekayasa Komputer Jurnal Teknik Kimia Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Jurnal Hasi Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Eksakta - JPPIE Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan al Kimiya : Jurnal Ilmu Kimia dan Terapan Emitor: Jurnal Teknik Elektro Jurnal Rekayasa Proses
Ilham Mufandi
Department Of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty Of Science And Technology, Universitas Darussalam Gontor, Ponorogo, Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Veterinary Other

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Adsorption of Lead (Pb2+) Using Biochar Derived from Bamboo Waste Pyrolysis Mufandi, Ilham; Kholis, Muhammad Nur; Hamawi, Mahmudah; Ardani, Much Taufik; Kusuma, Hafidha Ayu
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 23, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.23.5.1205-1212

Abstract

The increasing of industrial activities and urbanization have led to the accumulation of heavy metals, which pose a high risk to human health and ecosystems. Adsorption using biochar from bamboo waste is an alternative solution as an adsorbent. This study evaluated the performance of biochar from pyrolysis of bamboo waste at various temperatures (300–600°C) for adsorption of lead (Pb²⁺) ions. The pyrolysis was conducted under a nitrogen gas atmosphere to prevent oxidation during thermal decomposition. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed an increase in the stability of carbonyl (C=O) and carbon–nitrogen (C–N) functional groups with increasing temperature, which contributed to a stronger affinity for metal ions. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis showed that biochar produced at 400 °C exhibited the most favorable surface characteristics, with a surface area of 178.56 m²/g, a pore volume of 0.091 cm³/g, and an average pore diameter of 2.05 nm. This sample also demonstrated the highest Pb²⁺ adsorption capacity of 52.4 mg/g. Despite higher porosity, the biochar produced at 600 °C showed diminished adsorption efficiency due to pore structure collapse and decreased carbon content. The findings suggest that biochar synthesized at 400 °C has strong potential for use in environmental remediation applications, particularly in mitigating lead contamination in water systems.
Design of Smart Hotstage-Microscopy for Enhancing Thermal Behaviour in Drug Melting Process Ramadhani, Muhammad; Yudhana, Anton; Budi Setianto, Arif; Mega Reski4, Julia; Cahya Subrata, Arsyad; Mufandi, Ilham; Jendri
Emitor: Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol 25, No 2: July 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/emitor.v25i1.7320

Abstract

The melting point of medicine is an important factor to determine the purity of medicinal raw materials, thermal behavior is closely related to the melting process of that. This research focuses on developing an intelligent Smart Hotstage-Microscopy prototype to observe thermal behavior in the drug melting process. This prototype heats the drug evenly on a hot plate equipped with a polarizing microscope, thermocouple sensor, microcontroller, and LCD display to view the temperature reading results. The performance of the Smart Hotstage-Microscopy prototype was obtained by testing the thermocouple sensor, heating system, cooling system, and drug validation. In this paper the test results show that the thermocouple sensor test has an R2 value of 0.9983, which shows that the correlation between the actual temperature and the hot part temperature shows a significant correlation, which is 99.83%. Testing the heating system from an average temperature of 28.57°C to the average temperature of 298.59°C took an average time of 11.28 minutes. Meanwhile, testing the cooling system took 5.19 minutes to reduce the temperature from average 298.59°C to 33.379°C. This test proves that the prototype of Smart Hotstage-Microscopy can work well in melting drugs
Early Detection of Disease in Chicks Using CNN on Bangkok Chicken Health Dwicahyo, Agung; Mufandi, Ilham; Nurfadila, Agustin Rani; Ardani, Much. Taufik; Dzilhilmi, Ubaid
Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/biste.v6i2.10245

Abstract

Bangkok Chicken (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) is a type of chicken in Indonesia that has a high source of protein and supports the community's economy. The growth and development phase of chicks is a critical period because chicks are very vulnerable to attacks by infectious and non-infectious diseases. These diseases can cause high mortality rates and cause significant economic losses for farmers. This study aimed to investigate the potential for using CNN technology in the early detection of disease in Bangkok chicks in the Ponorogo district. As an artificial neural network, CNN can recognize patterns in visual data with high accuracy. The use of CNN technology in the agricultural sector, including animal husbandry, has shown promising results in supporting early disease detection systems in livestock. This study aims to investigate the potential of using CNN technology in the early detection of disease in Bangkok chicks in the Ponorogo district. By processing visual data from chicken images, CNN will be trained to identify early signs of disease in chicks. The result of this research is that this research can help maintain the availability and security of animal food supplies, which is an essential component of overall food security. In addition, by reducing losses caused by disease, this research can contribute to sustainable agriculture by ensuring the continuation of stable and sustainable animal food production.
Evaluation of Chicken Bone-Derived CaO Catalyst for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil Mufandi, Ilham; Kholis, Muhammad Nur; Rahmawan, Arief; Suntivarakorn, Ratchaphon; Nugraha, Dhaifullah Nafis; Alana P, Raka Wyztyo
Eksergi Vol 21 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v21i2.12254

Abstract

This research explores the use of waste cooking oil (WCO) into biodiesel and adding a calcium oxide (CaO) catalyst derived from chicken bone waste. The synthesized CaO catalyst was characterized using FTIR and SEM to determine its structural and chemical properties. Biodiesel production experiments were carried out at a temperature of 60°C with an oil-to-methanol ratio of 9:1 and a CaO catalyst load of 5% concentration. The biodiesel produced is characterized by its main quality parameters, including flash point, density, acid number, viscosity, and heating value. The research results show that the CaO catalyst contains various organic compounds, including haloalkanes, 1,2-disubstituted functional groups, primary alcohols, aromatic compounds, and alcohols. In addition, the CaO catalyst contains mineral compositions such as calcium, carbon, oxygen, sodium, magnesium, and phosphorus. Biodiesel yield increases significantly with increasing catalyst loading, reaching a maximum of 92.70% at 15% catalyst loading. This research shows the effectiveness of the CaO catalyst derived from chicken bone waste for environmentally friendly biodiesel production using microwave technology.
Effect of Temperature and N-Doping on the Distribution of Bamboo Waste Pyrolysis Products Using Quartz Tube Furnace Mufandi, Ilham; Kholis, Muhammad Nur; Hamawi, Mahmudah; Ardani, Much Taufik; Kusuma, Hafidha Ayu
Eksergi Vol 22 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/eksergi.v22i1.14128

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of temperature and nitrogen doping (N-Doping) on the pyrolysis of bamboo waste to optimize the distribution of biochar, bio-oil, and gas products. Bamboo waste as raw material was applied to pyrolysis in a quartz tube furnace reactor at temperatures of 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, and 600°C under two atmospheric conditions: pyrolysis with nitrogen (PN) and pyrolysis without nitrogen (PWN). Results reveal that temperature significantly influences product distribution, with bio-oil yield peaking at 500°C (52% in PN) and decreasing at higher temperatures due to secondary cracking. Nitrogen doping enhances bio-oil production by preventing oxidation and reducing secondary reactions, leading to a bio-oil yield increase from 16.52% in PWN to 55.32% in PN at 500°C. Conversely, PWN conditions resulted in higher biochar yield due to partial oxidation. Gas yield increased at elevated temperatures in both conditions, attributed to thermal cracking and reformation processes. These findings emphasize the importance of controlled temperature and atmospheric conditions in maximizing the efficiency and product quality of bamboo waste pyrolysis. The results provide valuable insights into sustainable biomass conversion strategies, contributing to renewable energy development and bamboo waste valorization.
Implementation of Conversational Artificial Intelligence in a3-Dimensional Game onWaste Impact Faisal Reza Pradhana; Ilham Mufandi; Aziz Musthafa; Dian Afif Arifah; Khairul Munzilin Al Kahfi
MATRIK : Jurnal Manajemen, Teknik Informatika dan Rekayasa Komputer Vol. 24 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Bumigora

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30812/matrik.v24i3.4755

Abstract

The escalating volume of waste in Indonesia presents significant environmental challenges, primarilydue to insufficient public awareness and engagement. This study aimed to develop a dynamic threedimensionalsimulation game to enhance young people’s understanding of the environmental impactsof waste. The game integrates conversational artificial intelligence technology to create non-playablecharacters that engage users in natural text and voice dialogues. The research employed a research anddevelopment approach following the Software Development Life Cycle waterfall method, encompassingstages of analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The game design adopted theMechanical, Dynamic, and Aesthetic framework method. It implemented a first-person perspective tocreate an immersive learning experience: evaluation involved functionality tests, expert reviews, anduser trials. The functionality testing achieved a perfect score of 100 percent, while evaluations by educationaltechnology experts yielded an average score of 94 percent for content quality and interfacedesign. User trials, conducted with individuals aged 10 to 18, indicated a high level of satisfactionwith an average score of 86 percent. These results conclude and demonstrate that integrating conversationalartificial intelligence into a simulation game provides an engaging and effective educationaltool to raise environmental awareness. Nonetheless, the study highlights the need for ongoing supportfrom parents and educators to cultivate sustainable waste management practices among young people.Future research should focus on expanding the game’s scope and evaluating its long-term impact onusers’ environmental literacy.
Cross-sectional Method of Sugar Content and Essential Nutrients in Commercial UHT Milk for Toddlers in Indonesia Ratnaduhita, Astari; Kholis, Muhammad Nur; Sumirat, Riska; Anam, Choiroel; Mufandi, Ilham; Tho’at, Salman Mujahidillah
Journal of Applied Food Technology Vol 12, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17728/jaft.30125

Abstract

UHT (Ultra High Temperature) milk is widely consumed by toddlers due to its practicality, yet concerns remain regarding the high variability of sugar levels and the adequacy of essential nutrients in commercial products. This study aimed to evaluate the total sugar content, non-lactose sugars, main milk composition, thickening agents, prebiotic fiber, and essential fats in UHT milk marketed for children aged 1–5 years, and to assess their compliance with BPOM, WHO, and Codex Alimentarius recommendations. A cross-sectional design was applied, involving purposive sampling of 27 commercially available products from modern retail outlets. Nutrient information was collected through high-resolution documentation of nutrition labels, followed by descriptive–comparative and regulatory benchmarking analyses. The findings indicate that 70.4% of products contained excessive to high total sugar levels (>6 g/100 mL), and only 7.4% met Codex energy-based criteria. UK FSA Front-of-Pack classification similarly showed that 74.1% of products fell into the high-sugar (red) category. Composition analysis revealed substantial variation, with several products relying on water, milk solids, or reconstituted milk instead of fresh milk. Thickening agents such as maltodextrin were present in selected variants, while essential fibers including FOS, GOS, and inulin were found at 1–3 g per serving, contributing up to 15% of toddlers’ daily fiber needs. Total fat content ranged from <2.5% to 6%, and some products included essential fats such as DHA or omega-3. Overall, most UHT milk products for toddlers contained sugar levels exceeding recommended limits and showed inconsistent compliance with nutritional composition standards. Strengthening product formulation, clearer labelling, and regulatory monitoring are needed to support healthier milk choices for toddlers.
Co-Authors Agung Dwicahyo Agus Aktawan, Agus Agustin Rani Nurfadila Ainun Fadhilah Alana P, Raka Wyztyo Alfian Ma’arif Anton Yudhana Ardani, Much Taufik Ardani, Much. Taufik Arida Ayu Krismawati Arief Budiman Arief Budiman Arief Budiman Arief Rahmawan Arpan Efendi Astari Ratnaduhita Aziz Musthafa Budi Setianto, Arif Cahya Subrata, Arsyad Choiroel Anam Defiani Putri Denanti Dhias Cahya Hakika Dian Afif Arifah Dwi Astri Ayu Purnama Dzilhilmi, Ubaid Eva Nurdiana Putri Faisal Reza Pradhana Hamawi, Mahmudah Hendy Firmanto Isti Nur Azizah Jendri Joko Pitoyo Jumiati Jumiati Khairul Munzilin Al Kahfi kresna mulya santosa Kusuma, Hafidha Ayu Lutfiatul Janah Martomo Setyawan Mega Reski4, Julia Muhammad Nur Kholis Muhammad Nur Kholis Muhammad Nur Kholis, Muhammad Nur Nabila Fauzi Nugraha, Dhaifullah Nafis P. Singbua Piyapong Singbua Pratama, Yogi R. Suntivarakorn Ramadhani, Muhammad Ratchaphon Suntivarakorn Rifka Alfiyani Riska Utami Melani Putri Saniyah Humairrah Shinta Amelia Siti Jamilatun Siti Jamilatun Siti Nurhalizatul Aini Siti Salamah Siti Salamah Soedjatmiko Suhendra Suhendra Suhendra Sumirat, Riska Suntivarakorn, Ratchaphon Tho’at, Salman Mujahidillah Trisnaningrum, Niken W. Treedet Wasakorn Treedet Yeni Elisthatiana Zahrul Mufrodi, Zahrul Zulia Arifah