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All Journal Rechtsidee Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Unes Law Review Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni Jurnal Ilmu Hukum KYADIREN Jurnal Hukum Adigama Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review Jurnal Abdimas Prakasa Dakara Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development JIM: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities
Hutabarat, Rugun Romaida
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Consent Capacity of Persons with Disabilities in Sexual Relations: A Comparative Legal Study of Indonesia, Canada, and the United Kingdom: Kapasitas Persetujuan Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Hubungan Seksual: Studi Perbandingan Hukum Indonesia, Kanada, dan Inggris Azzahra, Sayyidina; Hutabarat, Rugun Romaida
Rechtsidee Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/jihr.v13i2.1100

Abstract

Background (General): Consent serves as the central boundary distinguishing lawful sexual relations from criminal sexual violence. Background (Specific): For persons with disabilities, assessing consent becomes more complex due to cognitive, mental, physical, or sensory limitations that may affect their ability to understand and communicate agreement. Knowledge Gap: Indonesian criminal law, including the UU TPKS, lacks explicit definitions of consent and standardized indicators for determining consent capacity, unlike jurisdictions such as the United Kingdom and Canada. Aim: This study examines Indonesia’s legal framework on sexual consent and evaluates the absence of consent-capacity standards for persons with disabilities through comparative analysis with UK and Canadian regulations. Results: Findings show that Indonesian law narrowly associates non-consent with coercion or threats, failing to consider cognitive incapacity, whereas the UK (Sexual Offences Act 2003; Mental Capacity Act 2005) and Canada (Criminal Code Section 153.1) provide clear criteria for assessing mental ability, voluntariness, and relational power imbalance. Novelty: This research identifies the structural legal gap in Indonesian consent-capacity regulation and proposes a model grounded in comparative jurisprudence. Implications: The study underscores the urgent need for legal reform to establish explicit consent-capacity standards, strengthening protection against sexual exploitation of persons with disabilities. Highlights: Highlights the absence of explicit consent-capacity standards in Indonesian law. Shows how UK and Canada provide clearer protections through defined legal criteria. Emphasizes the urgency of legal reform to safeguard persons with disabilities from exploitation. Keywords: Consent Capacity, Sexual Consent, Persons With Disabilities, Comparative Law, Indonesian Criminal Law
Has Increasing Penalties for Teachers Achieved the Goal of Protecting Children? Katmini, Esmeralda; Hutabarat, Rugun Romaida
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren
Publisher : PPPM, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Biak-Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46924/jihk.v7i2.388

Abstract

Cases of child molestation involving teachers have increased, raising serious concerns regarding the effectiveness of Indonesia’s child protection system. As individuals who occupy positions of authority that may be misused, teachers’ criminal liability requires a focused analysis within the framework of Indonesian criminal law. This study examines the forms of criminal liability applicable to teachers who commit child molestation by analyzing the elements of the offense, the principle of culpability, and the scope of their legal responsibility. It also evaluates the implementation of enhanced penalties under Law No. 35 of 2014 and Law No. 17 of 2016, which classify power imbalances as an aggravating factor. Employing a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case-based approaches, the study finds that teachers possess full legal capacity and that enhanced penalties are consistently imposed, as power relations are deemed to intensify victimization. In conclusion, the normative foundation for imposing criminal liability and enhanced penalties on teachers who commit child molestation is strong, although greater consistency in application remains necessary.
Co-Authors Ade Adhari Anis Widyawati Apricia, Nadira Aryadi, Arsha Medina Aurelia, Jessica Azzahra, Sayyidina Cassilas, Anggian Daniel Daniel Desiana, Felina Devi Devi, Devi Goldwen, Fishella Halim, Kelly Chandra Puspita Josephine, Emeralda Janessa Kartika Chandra Kirana, Kartika Chandra Katmini, Esmeralda Kenny, Kennedy Khoirullah, Muhamad Satria Latifa, Nur Alia Martono, Jeffri Pri Michellena Nasrullah, Mochammad Ridho Pramudito, Muhammad Afrizal Puspita, Salsabillah Ayu Putri, Amanda Fitriani Eka Qoyyumi Permadi*, Shafira Andiena Rifurio, Muhammad Haikal Setyani, Erlin Sidauruk, Cancolio Frederick Simamora, Indah Maria Maddalena Susanto, Maurend Benaya Immanuel Syamila, Najma Tania, Neysa Tanuwijaya, Jhonathan Tobing, Sarah Angelina Setiahata Lumban Tunggawan, Edwin Wayan P. Windia Wibisono, Yohanes Adrian Yuwono Prianto