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Journal : The Indonesian Biomedical Journal

Elephantopus scaber Linn. Leaf Extract Sensitizes Doxorubicin in Inducing Apoptosis in HSC-3 Tongue Cancer Cells through Inhibiting Survivin Activity at Thr34 Sandra, Ferry; Hayuningtyas, Ria Aryani; Ranggaini, Dewi; Pang, Tiffany; Scania, Alifah Evi; Lee, Kyung Hoon
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 4 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i4.3096

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Previous research has demonstrated the effect of Elephantopus scaber Linn. leaf extract (ESLE) on various cancer cell lines. However, research on the effects of ESLE on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), especially tongue cancer, is still lacking. Moreover, the apoptotic mechanisms induced by ESLE are not well understood and require further exploration. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of ESLE on cell viability and apoptosis in human squamous cell carcinoma (HSC)-3 tongue cancer cells.METHODS: HSC-3 cells were treated with varying concentrations of ESLE, doxorubicin, and a combination of both. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed using MTT and Sub-G1 assays. The expression levels of survivin and its phosphorylated form at threonine (Thr)34 were evaluated using Western blot analysis.RESULTS: ESLE exhibited a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect on HSC-3 cells in decreasing cell viability (Kruskal Wallis, p=0.001) and increasing apoptotic cells (ANOVA, p=0.001) significantly. When combined with doxorubicin, ESLE further enhanced the induction of apoptosis compared with doxorubicin alone. The combined treatment resulted in a decrease in the levels of phosphorylated survivin (p-Surv) Thr34, indicating the inhibition of survivin's anti-apoptotic function.CONCLUSION: ESLE significantly enhances the efficacy of doxorubicin, thereby sensitizing its ability to induce apoptosis in HSC-3 tongue cancer cells. This sensitization occurs through the inhibition of survivin activity, particularly at the Thr34 phosphorylation site. These findings suggest that ESLE could serve as a potential adjuvant to improve the effectiveness of doxorubicin in inducing apoptosis in tongue cancer cells.KEYWORDS: Elephantopus scaber, doxorubicin, tongue cancer, HSC-3 cells, apoptosis, Survivin, Thr34 phosphorylation
Stenochlaena palustris Ethanol Extract Decreases Viability and Induces G1-Phase Cell Cycle Arrest in HSC-3 Tongue Cancer Cells via p21 and p27 Sandra, Ferry; Ranggaini, Dewi; Halim, Johni; Taramalinda, Elizabeth Yuliani; Scania, Alifah Evi; Roeslan, Boedi Oetomo; Lee, Kyung Hoon
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i5.3308

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of the tongue is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis due to its resistance to standard treatments. Stenochlaena palustris, a medicinal fern containing bioactive compounds, has shown potential anticancer properties. However, there is a lack of studies addressing the effects of S. palustris ethanol extract (SPEE) on tongue cancer. This study examined the effects of SPEE on the cell viability and cell cycle of human squamous cell carcinoma (HSC)-3 tongue cancer cells.METHODS: SPEE was prepared with the maceration method. HSC-3 cells were treated with SPEE at concentrations of 100, 500, and 1000 µg/mL for 24 and 48 hours. Cell viability was measured with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell cycle analysis was performed using flow cytometer. Immunoblotting was used to measure amount of cell cycle regulators, protein 21 (p21) and protein 27 (p27).RESULTS: SPEE treatment led to a significant decrease in HSC-3 viable cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with the most pronounced effect at higher concentration and prolonged treatment time. There was a slightly increase in the percentage of cells in the Sub-G1 phase in SPEE-treated group, meanwhile there was a significant increase in the percentage of cells in the G1-phase. Increased amount of p21 and p27 were observed in SPEE-treated group.CONCLUSION: SPEE significantly inhibited HSC-3 cell proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, primarily by inducing G1-phase cell cycle arrest through the upregulation of p21 and p27. Taken together, SPEE could be a potential anti-cancer agent for tongue cancer cell. KEYWORDS: Stenochlaena palustris, tongue cancer, cytotoxic, cell cycle arrest, HSC-3 cells, p21, p27
Curcuma xanthorrhiza Rhizome Extract Induces Apoptosis in HONE-1 Nasopharyngeal Cancer Cells Through Bid Ranggaini, Dewi; Sandra, Ferry; Halim, Johni; Ichwan, Solachuddin Jauhari Arief; Djamil, Melanie Sadono
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i1.2217

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Curcuma xanthorrhiza rhizomes have been demonstrated to have anticancer properties toward various types of cancer cells. The effect of C. xanthorrhiza rhizome extract (CXRE) on nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) cells, including HONE-1 cell line has not been elucidated yet. Therefore, the effect of CXRE on the apoptosis of HONE-1 cells and its possible underlying mechanism are necessary to be explored.METHODS: C. xanthorrhiza rhizomes were minced, dried, extracted with distilled ethanol, filtered, and evaporated to produce CXRE. HONE-1 cells were seeded, starved, and treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Doxorubicin, or various concentrations of CXRE. Treated HONE-1 cells were stained with 4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and the number of viable cells was counted. HONE-1 cells were also collected, lysed, and further processed for immunoblotting analysis to measure Bid activity.RESULTS: The number of viable HONE-1 cells decreased in concentration- and time-dependent manner. The number of viable cells in 50 and 250 μg/mL CXRE-treated groups were significantly lower compared with that in the DMSO-treated group after 24 h. At 48 h incubation period, the number of viable cells in 10, 50 and 250 μg/mL CXRE-treated groups were significantly lower compared with that in the DMSO-treated group. The number of viable cells in 250 μg/mL CXRE-treatment group was not significantly different compared with that in the Doxorubicin-treated group after 48 h. Bid expression levels in CXRE-treated groups were lower compared with that in the DMSO-treated group.CONCLUSION: CXRE could induce apoptosis via Bid activation, hence reducing the viability of HONE-1 cells.KEYWORDS: Curcuma xanthorrhiza, nasopharyngeal cancer, HONE-1 cells, apoptosis, Bid